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The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System provides third-party verification for environmentally sustainable construction. LEED certified buildings often provide healthier work and living environments, however, it does not provide any direct economic incentives to the owners and developers. An early research suggested that there was a significant correlation between appraised unit value of a parcel and LEED sustainable site criteria for public transportation access. Moreover, the regression model for predicting appraised unit value of a parcel suggested that the coefficient of Number of Light Rail Stations was positive, while the coefficient of Number of Bus Stops was negative. This result contradicted our original expectation that both number of bus stops and light rail stations could have a positive effect on the appraised unit value. Hence it becomes important to conduct further research to explain this phenomenon. In this research, Pearson correlation was examined to determine whether there is a significant correlation between median household income and the number of bus stops and light rail stations for a given parcel that meet LEED sustainable site criteria for public transportation access. After confirming no significant correlation exists, multiple regression analysis was applied to establish a regression model for predicting unit value of a given parcel using number of bus stops and light rail stations for a given parcel that meet LEED sustainable site criteria for public transportation access, median household income and parcel area as the independent variables. Result of Pearson correlation indicated that there was no significant correlation exists between median household income and the number of bus stops and light rail stations for a given parcel which met LEED sustainable site criteria for public transportation access. Findings of multiple regression analysis suggested that all independent variables were significant predictors for unit value of a parcel. Besides, this regression model had a higher adjusted R- square value than that of the model which was established by Bhagyashri Joshi. It means that this regression model could better predict appraised unit value of an unimproved parcel.

Abstract: - This Master’s Thesis explains the relevancy of sustainable marketing, sustainability, e-commerce, circular economy of recycled paper packaging in the correlation of consumer perception, consumer decision making factors towards recycling and sustainability benefits. Although the paper discusses sustainable marketing in a circular economy aspect potential in regards to recycled paper parcels, the research will mainly focus on the postal carrier company named PostNord based in Nordic countries; the paper will emphasise how the double-sealing recycled paper could increase the number of customers and sustainability ofthe company and consumer perception towards these type of packaging as a parcel. The concept of Sustainability Marketing and Consumer Behaviour has been around for awhile. Since its emergence in the 1980s, the idea has evolved. Much research has been done regarding sustainability marketing, also known as green marketing. As the world is becoming environmentally polluted, many industries propagate it, and consumers need more sustainable products and services. Due to this reason and other respective consumer needs, companiesfrom the manufacturing and service industry have made a strategy to implement short andlong-term to become sustainable companies by becoming carbon-free. Accordingly, postal carrier companies worldwide have developed various sustainable marketing strategies and technological tools to reduce carbon emissions. They simultaneously promote sustainability marketing based on consumer behaviour and perception. The research paper mainly focuses on sustainable marketing, sustainable marketing in the circular economy, and consumer perception and factors affecting consumers’ purchase intention regarding the broad applicability and benefits of double-sealing recycled paperparcels for packaging in the postal service industry. For this particular Master’s thesis paper, the research has taken PostNord as a case study and developed an alternative sustainablemarketing and consumer perspective concerning: Circular economy through the use of recycled paper parcels, organisational resource utilisation, increased current & new customer,consumer perception towards recycled paper parcels, Consumer purchase intention towardsRecycled paper parcels & E-commerce with packaging. The research paper is developed and has referred to various scholarly articles such as Escursell (2021), Kotler (2012) and several other scholars, including yearly sustainability reports of PostNord. The annual sustainability reports of PostNord have mainly focused on increasing its sustainability through technological tools, transportation systems, service and customer relations. This research paper is developed through a cross sectional research method study provided that PostNord is the case study related to using double-sealing recycled paper parcels as an alternative product to its current and potential consumers while increasing their sustainability.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:16:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1659726 bytes, checksum: a0b749d584ad42815feca5d736b9ab14 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / ABSTRACT - The current thesis aimed to create a new instrument for measurement of human values, based on the functionalist theory of human values, for diagnosis and screening. To this end, it took out three studies. Study 1 aimed to build up a database of items that would meet an essential criterion: to represent the subfunctions recommended by the functionalist theory. Initially, this scale was comprised by 180 items, 30 items representing each of the six subfunctions proposed. The study included 10 judges, who with a minimum of 70% agreement between them, judged the relevance of 127 items, 53 items were eliminated. Study 2 aimed to build an instrument, resulting from the items in the previous study and gather evidence of its psychometric properties. Participants were 210 students with ages ranging from 14 to 28 years (m = 18.28; sd = 2.94), mostly female (61,4%). They answered the set of 127 items on a 7-point scale ranging from 1 (totally unimportant) to 7 (extremely important), and demographic questions. Initially, there was a semantic validation of the instrument with the participation of 12 students the first year of high school. Found that there were no questions, remained the proposed version. Confirmatory factor analysis were performed considering the covariance matrix and adopting the maximum likelihood estimator for the set of items in each subfunction separately. Through the factor loadings, we selected the top three items in each human value, resulting in a structure of nine items per subfunction of values. The rates of Cronbach s alpha ranged from 0.44 (maturity) to a 0.94 (religion), the homogeneity s indices ranged from 0.21 (maturity) to 0.60 (sexuality), and composite reliability was 0.61 (pleasure) to 0.92 (religiosity). These indices gather evidence of the reliability of the instrument. The average variance extracted, which was 0.46 (maturity) to 0.91 (religiosity) and comparison of the square root of the average variance extracted with the correlations among the factors, in this case the subfunctions values, demonstrating evidence of validity convergent and discriminant, respectively, of the measure. Study 3 aimed to confirm the factor structure using item parcels technique and, again, present their psychometric parameters. Participants were 231 students with ages ranging from 16 to 34 years (m = 19.98; sd = 2.77), mostly female (61.9%). They answered the set of items resulting from the second study in the same response scale as well as demographic questions. By comparing the rates of adjusting the model item parcels from the model built with the original items, was observed that the first best fits the data. The alpha values for the factor structure proposed ranged from 0.61 (normative) to 0.80 (interactive), regarding to homogeneity s index, composite reliability and average variance extracted, all the subfunctions above the recommended values presented in the literature. Finally, all subfunctions showed discriminant validity, except the relationship between existence and achievement and between existence and suprapersonal. In conclusion, trust that the goals proposed in this thesis have been achieved, this time presenting a contribution to a field of the measurement of human values. / RESUMO - A presente dissertação objetivou construir um instrumento novo para mensuração dos valores humanos, tomando como base a teoria funcionalista dos valores humanos, para fins de diagnóstico e triagem. Para tanto, levaram-se a cabo três estudos. O Estudo 1 objetivou construir um banco de itens, que atendesse a um critério essencial: representar as seis subfunções preconizadas pela teoria funcionalista. Partiu-se de um conjunto de 180 itens, 30 itens representando cada uma das seis subfunções valorativas. Participaram deste estudo 10 juízes, que com um mínimo de 70% de concordância entre eles, julgaram a pertinência de 127 itens, tendo sido eliminados 53 itens. O Estudo 2 objetivou construir um instrumento, a partir dos itens resultantes do estudo anterior, e reunir evidências de suas propriedades psicométricas. Participaram 210 estudantes com idades variando de 14 a 28 anos (m = 18,28; dp = 2,94), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (61,4%). Estes responderam o conjunto de 127 itens em uma escala de 7 pontos que varia de 1 (Totalmente não importante) a 7 (Extremamente importante), além de perguntas de caráter demográfico. Inicialmente, realizou-se a validação semântica do instrumento com a participação de 12 estudantes do primeiro ano do ensino médio. Verificado que não ocorreram questionamentos, manteve-se a versão proposta. Foram realizadas análises fatoriais confirmatórias, considerando a matriz de covariância e adotando o estimador de máxima verossimilhança, para o conjunto de itens de cada subfunção, separadamente. Por meio das cargas fatoriais, foram selecionados os três melhores itens de cada valor humano, resultando em uma estrutura de nove itens por subfunção valorativa. Os índices de alfa de Cronbach variaram de 0,44 (maturidade) a 0,94 (religiosidade), os índices de homogeneidade variaram de 0,21 (maturidade) a 0,60 (sexualidade), e a confiabilidade composta foi de 0,61 (prazer) a 0,92 (religiosidade). Estes índices reúnem evidências de precisão do instrumento. Já a variância média extraída, que se situou de 0,46 (maturidade) a 0,91(religiosidade) e a comparação da raiz quadrada da variância média extraída com as correlações entre os fatores, no caso, as subfunções valorativas, demonstram evidências de validade convergente e discriminante, respectivamente, da medida. O Estudo 3 objetivou confirmar a estrutura fatorial por meio da técnica de parcela de itens e, novamente, apresentar seus parâmetros psicométricos. Participaram 231 estudantes com idades variando de 16 a 34 anos (m = 19,98; dp = 2,77), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (61,9%). Estes responderam ao conjunto de itens resultante do estudo 2 na mesma escala de resposta, assim como perguntas de caráter demográfico. Ao comparar os índices de ajuste do modelo com parcela de itens em relação ao modelo construído com os itens originais, pode-se observar que o primeiro se ajustou melhor aos dados. Os valores de alfa para a estrutura fatorial proposta variaram de 0,61 (normativa) a 0,80 (interativa), quanto aos índices de homogeneidade, confiabilidade composta e variância média extraída, todas as subfunções apresentaram valores acima do recomendado pela literatura. Finalmente, todas as subfunções apresentaram validade discriminante, exceto as relações entre existência e realização e entre existência e suprapessoal. Concluindo, confia-se que os objetivos propostos nesta dissertação tenham sido alcançados, apresentando-se nesta oportunidade uma contribuição para o campo da mensuração dos valores humanos.

The aim of this thesis is to propose a design and implementation of a new product in the field of parcel services in the Czech Post and propose its communication strategy. The basis for correct and efficient product design theme consists of description of the main postal market aspects and principles in the Czech Republic and detailed monitoring and analysis of domestic and global competition and customer environment. This, together with a summary of the basic theoretical approaches to the field of marketing and commercial communication forms the basis for designing a communication strategy. Results of this work confirmed that the proposed new product "Předplacené balíkové obaly" is a promising service that could help the Czech Post in the growing competitiveness in the field of express parcel delivery. Succes of its implementation will largely depend on the ability of the Czech Post effectively inform customers. Communication campaign, however, must reflex and develop the previous link of the "Great Parcel Revolution ".

The aim of the thesis is to assess the possibility of establishing a water reservoir in s selected location witch regard to its possible water management activities including geological conditions. The thesis also defines basic terms related to water reservoir and their parts. This work was elaborated with the help of available literature and valid laws of the Czech Republic concerning the given issue. At the end of the work will be valued land meeting the conditions for the construction of a small water tank. The award will take place in two ways according to the decree and direct comparison.

The master thesis deals with a block subdivision into parcels using procedural modeling. The main goal focuses on improving of the existing method called OBB-based Subdivision that uses auxiliary envelopes of rectangle shape for splitting. It is required to adapt the method to Czech conditions as well. The first part focuses on the analysis of scientific publications, which describes the development and current situation of procedural modeling issues. Then the methodology of suggested algorithm is described that tests a change of the envelope to the trapezium shape, respectively to the quadrangle shape. In conclusion, the proposed algorithms are tested on the real data in CityEngine, which offered the possibility of using procedural approach to automatically generate 3D parcels. The whole process is controlled by the limitations of development plans of the selected urban areas. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A tese mostra que políticas territoriais municipais paulistas têm interferido pouco no processo de urbanização das áreas de transição rural-urbanas de forma a controlar o crescimento urbano horizontal e planejá-lo com qualidade urbana. Pretende-se superar a ideia de que expandir o urbano é sempre indesejável e admitir que é um processo recorrente e, quando necessário, deve ser planejado para que aconteça sem prejuízos urbano-ambientais e sociais, distribuindo de forma justa os ônus e benefícios da urbanização e evitando processos especulativos tão tradicionais na mudança de uso rural para urbano. A transição de uma economia agrícola para a industrial viu na expansão urbana metropolitana uma estratégia relevante para o desenvolvimento econômico industrial, através de uma política habitacional e constantes anistias aos loteamentos clandestinos. Crescer em extensão física parececia ter sido uma resposta adequada face ao crescimento populacional vivido no período pós 2ª Guerra Mundial, desde que tivesse sido planejada. Se o crescimento fosse bem planejado e estruturado, não daria conta de ter sido feito tão velozmente. Formava-se a periferia metropolitana. Em uma reação populista, o governo militar (1964-1985) aprovou a Lei Federal de Parcelamento do Solo e deixou aos munípios o controle do crescimento urbano, sem exigir seu planejamento. Os financiamentos habitacionais impulsionaram esta expansão urbana com urbanização incompleta, mantendo a produção do urbano pautada pela dependência de recursos federais; intervenções setoriais descompassadas; e por relações clientelistas em torno da urbanização progressiva. A regulação do território torna-se um instrumento flexível que se adapta às possibilidades de desenvolvimento urbano, pautadas estas pelo financiamento. O período de redemocratização nos anos 1980 foi acompanhado por processos de alteração demográfica e de reversão do processo de concentração nas grandes cidades associados à desconcentração e alterações no processo produtivo industrial e ao surgimento de novas formas condominiais de urbanização. A expansão urbana nas cidades paulistas explica-se face à (1) pouca resistência à mudança de uso rural para urbano, nos momentos de oscilação da produção e dos preços rurais associada à (2) inovação promovida por novas tipologias residenciais sobre o rural loteamento fechado, ranchos, etc., e (3) por investimentos no sistema rodoviário e o estímulo ao uso de veículos individuais. A análise das normas territoriais sobre 100 municípios paulistas mostrou que estas tipologias para se implantarem, necessitam flexibilizar não apenas normas urbanas, mas rurais, apontando para a necessidade de se planejar o rural. Já os estudos de caso analisados apresentam diferentes graus de controle do crescimento urbano e de planejamento do mesmo das áreas de expansão e debatem com a experiência colombiana que articula financiamento, gestão e planejamento de áreas de expansão. Com isso, admite a recorrência do processo de expansão urbana, e aponta para a necessidade de planejá-la de forma a evitar que aconteçam prejuízos urbanoambientais e sociais, distribuindo de forma justa os ônus e benefícios da urbanização, evitando processos especulativos tão tradicionais na mudança de uso rural para urbano, e construindo ex-ante projetos urbanos que sejam pedaços de cidade, com uma urbanização completa. / The research shows that spatial policies in São Paulo practically have not controlled or planned urban growth in order to guarantee urban quality. This thesis intends to overcome the idea that urban growth is always undesirable and view it as a recurrent situation that, when necessary, should be planned to avoid urban-environmental and social problems, by fairly distributing urbanization costs and benefits and preventing speculative processes that are usual in ruralurban changes. In the transition from an agricultural to an industrial economy in Brasil, urban expansion was strategic for industrial economic development, through a federal housing policy and regularization of irregular parcels. Growing by physical extension seemed appropriate in a period of fast population growth after 2nd World War, if it had been planned. If growth were well planned and structured, it would not have been possible to do it so quickly. The result was a space known as metropolitan periphery. In a populist reaction, the military government (1964-1985) enacted the Urban Parcels Federal Land Law but left to municipalities the control of urban growth, without requiring planning. A huge housing financing program drove this expansion into incomplete urbanization; maintained municipalities dependent on federal funds to make urban developments; made sectorial interventions, most of the time disconnected from one another (ex. with water and without sewage); and maintened clientelist relationships between politicians and locals around the progressive urbanization. Land regulation becomes a flexible tool that adapts to the possibilities of urban development, guided by these fundings or private interests. The democratization period in the late 1980s was accompanied by demographic change and by a polarization reverse process associated with policy decentralization, changes in industrial production processes and the emergence of new forms of urbanization closed urban developments, shoppings, thematic parks, and others. In this context, urban sprawl in São Paulo\'s cities can be explained by (1) low resistance to change from rural to urban uses, influenced by rural production and price variations; (2) urban innovations like new types of developments closed residential developtments, little farms, etc., and (3) high investments in road systems and in encouraging the use of individual vehicles. Analysis of the 100 municipalities\'land laws not only showed that these kinds of urban development require, in order to happen, more flexible urbanization permits, but also pointed the need to plan the countryside. The three case studies herein showed different degrees of urban growth control and planning urban expansion. The Brazilian cases debate with the Colombian urban planning experience that combines financing, management and planning areas of expansion. In summary, the research admits the recurrence of urban growth, and points the need for planning (so as to avoid urban-environmental and social losses that can occur), for fair distribution of urbanization costs and benefits (so as to prevent speculative processes often present in rural-urban change processes) and for exante development, thus preventing irregular urban development process and making urban growth with a complete urbanization.

Orientadores: Ricardo Ribeiro Rodrigues, Maria Teresa Zugliani Toniato / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T06:03:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barreto_TiagoEgydio_M.pdf: 857420 bytes, checksum: ccaff133841c9bb9217452570d2fd137 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Poucas mudanças são esperadas na dinâmica de florestas em um curto período de tempo. No entanto, padrões climáticos atípicos estão sendo observados, gerando alterações nos regimes de precipitação e formação de tomados ou fortes ventos, possivelmente em conseqüências das mudanças climáticas globais. Estes eventos podem gerar mudanças imediatas na dinâmica de florestas. Neste trabalho, avaliamos a dinâmica de uma comunidade florestal em um intervalo de 2 anos, em uma parcela permanente de 10,24 ha, atingida por fortes ventos no ano de 2002, anteriormente ao primeiro censo. Os levantamentos foram realizados nos anos de 2002/2003 e 2004/2005, amostrando todos os indivíduos com diâmetro na altura do peito (DAP) >= 4,78cm. Os resultados mostraram que neste curto intervalo, a taxa de mortalidade foi de 2,33%ano-1 e a taxa de recrutamento foi de 3,68% ano-I. Houve incremento significativo em área basal (Z = 2,60; P < 0,01) e em densidade (Z = 2,60; P < 0,01) para os indivíduos do estrato inferior. Também, detectou-se aumento significativo em densidade para as espécies típicas de sub-bosque (Z = 1,99; P = 0,025), pioneiras (Z =2,29; P = 0,01) e secundárias tardias (Z =1,71; P = 0,045). Houve redução significativa nos valores de densidade para os indivíduos do estrato superior (Z = 2,60, P < 0,01). Conclui-se, portanto, que este trecho de floresta teve altos valores em seus descritores de dinâmica em comparação com outros estudos realizados em outras florestas tropicais. Possivelmente esses valores encontrados estejam relacionados com os fortes ventos que atingiram a parcela permanente / Abstract: Short-term changes in the dynamics of forests are IO~. Atypical weather patterns, however, have been causing changes in precipitation regimes and generating hurricanes or strong winds. These events are possible consequences of global climate change and could cause short-term changes in the dynamics of forests. In this study, we evaluated the dynamics of a forest community during two 2-years period census (from 2002 to 2003 and from 2004 to 2005) in a permanent plot of 10.24 ha, affected by strong winds in 2002 before (the first census).We measured individuals with diameter breast height (DBH) >= 4.78 cm. The mortality rate was 2.33%.year-1 and the recruitment rate was 3.68%.year-l. There was significant increase in basal area (Z = 2,60; P < 0,01) and in density (Z = 2,60; P < 0,01) for the individuals ofthe low stratum. Moreover, significant increase in density was found for species typical of understory (Z = 1 ,99; P = 0,025), pioneers (Z =2,29; P = 0,01) and late colonizing (Z = 1,71; P = 0,045). Significant decrease in density was found for the individuaIs of the high stratum (Z = 2,60, P < 0,01). We conc1ude that this section of forest has high values in their dynamic descriptors, when compared to other studies in other tropical forests. These results are possibly re1ated to the strong winds that occurred in the permanent plot. Key words: mortality, recruitment, mortality model, ecological groups, c1imate change / Mestrado / Mestre em Biologia Vegetal

A tese mostra que políticas territoriais municipais paulistas têm interferido pouco no processo de urbanização das áreas de transição rural-urbanas de forma a controlar o crescimento urbano horizontal e planejá-lo com qualidade urbana. Pretende-se superar a ideia de que expandir o urbano é sempre indesejável e admitir que é um processo recorrente e, quando necessário, deve ser planejado para que aconteça sem prejuízos urbano-ambientais e sociais, distribuindo de forma justa os ônus e benefícios da urbanização e evitando processos especulativos tão tradicionais na mudança de uso rural para urbano. A transição de uma economia agrícola para a industrial viu na expansão urbana metropolitana uma estratégia relevante para o desenvolvimento econômico industrial, através de uma política habitacional e constantes anistias aos loteamentos clandestinos. Crescer em extensão física parececia ter sido uma resposta adequada face ao crescimento populacional vivido no período pós 2ª Guerra Mundial, desde que tivesse sido planejada. Se o crescimento fosse bem planejado e estruturado, não daria conta de ter sido feito tão velozmente. Formava-se a periferia metropolitana. Em uma reação populista, o governo militar (1964-1985) aprovou a Lei Federal de Parcelamento do Solo e deixou aos munípios o controle do crescimento urbano, sem exigir seu planejamento. Os financiamentos habitacionais impulsionaram esta expansão urbana com urbanização incompleta, mantendo a produção do urbano pautada pela dependência de recursos federais; intervenções setoriais descompassadas; e por relações clientelistas em torno da urbanização progressiva. A regulação do território torna-se um instrumento flexível que se adapta às possibilidades de desenvolvimento urbano, pautadas estas pelo financiamento. O período de redemocratização nos anos 1980 foi acompanhado por processos de alteração demográfica e de reversão do processo de concentração nas grandes cidades associados à desconcentração e alterações no processo produtivo industrial e ao surgimento de novas formas condominiais de urbanização. A expansão urbana nas cidades paulistas explica-se face à (1) pouca resistência à mudança de uso rural para urbano, nos momentos de oscilação da produção e dos preços rurais associada à (2) inovação promovida por novas tipologias residenciais sobre o rural loteamento fechado, ranchos, etc., e (3) por investimentos no sistema rodoviário e o estímulo ao uso de veículos individuais. A análise das normas territoriais sobre 100 municípios paulistas mostrou que estas tipologias para se implantarem, necessitam flexibilizar não apenas normas urbanas, mas rurais, apontando para a necessidade de se planejar o rural. Já os estudos de caso analisados apresentam diferentes graus de controle do crescimento urbano e de planejamento do mesmo das áreas de expansão e debatem com a experiência colombiana que articula financiamento, gestão e planejamento de áreas de expansão. Com isso, admite a recorrência do processo de expansão urbana, e aponta para a necessidade de planejá-la de forma a evitar que aconteçam prejuízos urbanoambientais e sociais, distribuindo de forma justa os ônus e benefícios da urbanização, evitando processos especulativos tão tradicionais na mudança de uso rural para urbano, e construindo ex-ante projetos urbanos que sejam pedaços de cidade, com uma urbanização completa. / The research shows that spatial policies in São Paulo practically have not controlled or planned urban growth in order to guarantee urban quality. This thesis intends to overcome the idea that urban growth is always undesirable and view it as a recurrent situation that, when necessary, should be planned to avoid urban-environmental and social problems, by fairly distributing urbanization costs and benefits and preventing speculative processes that are usual in ruralurban changes. In the transition from an agricultural to an industrial economy in Brasil, urban expansion was strategic for industrial economic development, through a federal housing policy and regularization of irregular parcels. Growing by physical extension seemed appropriate in a period of fast population growth after 2nd World War, if it had been planned. If growth were well planned and structured, it would not have been possible to do it so quickly. The result was a space known as metropolitan periphery. In a populist reaction, the military government (1964-1985) enacted the Urban Parcels Federal Land Law but left to municipalities the control of urban growth, without requiring planning. A huge housing financing program drove this expansion into incomplete urbanization; maintained municipalities dependent on federal funds to make urban developments; made sectorial interventions, most of the time disconnected from one another (ex. with water and without sewage); and maintened clientelist relationships between politicians and locals around the progressive urbanization. Land regulation becomes a flexible tool that adapts to the possibilities of urban development, guided by these fundings or private interests. The democratization period in the late 1980s was accompanied by demographic change and by a polarization reverse process associated with policy decentralization, changes in industrial production processes and the emergence of new forms of urbanization closed urban developments, shoppings, thematic parks, and others. In this context, urban sprawl in São Paulo\'s cities can be explained by (1) low resistance to change from rural to urban uses, influenced by rural production and price variations; (2) urban innovations like new types of developments closed residential developtments, little farms, etc., and (3) high investments in road systems and in encouraging the use of individual vehicles. Analysis of the 100 municipalities\'land laws not only showed that these kinds of urban development require, in order to happen, more flexible urbanization permits, but also pointed the need to plan the countryside. The three case studies herein showed different degrees of urban growth control and planning urban expansion. The Brazilian cases debate with the Colombian urban planning experience that combines financing, management and planning areas of expansion. In summary, the research admits the recurrence of urban growth, and points the need for planning (so as to avoid urban-environmental and social losses that can occur), for fair distribution of urbanization costs and benefits (so as to prevent speculative processes often present in rural-urban change processes) and for exante development, thus preventing irregular urban development process and making urban growth with a complete urbanization.