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Introdução: O número de crianças e adolescentes que sobrevivem ao câncer tem aumentado de maneira significativa nas últimas décadas. A sobrevivência é uma experiência que não se limita àquele que sobreviveu ao câncer, mas engloba também a sua família. Considerando as evidências do impacto que o câncer exerce sobre a vida familiar e sobre o relacionamento entre pais e criança com câncer, este estudo tem como foco famílias de crianças e adolescentes que sobreviveram ao câncer, na perspectiva da parentalidade. Objetivos: Identificar os elementos do processo da parentalidade na sobrevivência do câncer infantojuvenil e apresentar um modelo teórico deste processo que represente a integração desses elementos. Metodologia: Estudo qualitativo, que teve como referenciais teórico e metodológico, respectivamente, o Interacionismo Simbólico e a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com nove casais, pais e mães de crianças e adolescentes que sobreviveram ao câncer infantojuvenil. Resultados: A análise comparativa dos dados permitiu compreender o processo da parentalidade na sobrevivência do câncer revelada pelo modelo teórico ALERTA E PROTEÇÃO PARENTAL NA SOBREVIVÊNCIA DO CÂNCER DO FILHO. O modelo evidencia que os elementos simbólicos essenciais para a construção e o exercício da parentalidade no contexto da sobrevivência do câncer estão estruturados em torno de dois fenômenos: O TEMPO DE LUTA CONTRA O CÂNCER DO FILHO, que representa a desorganização causada pela doença na vida da família, direcionada pelo risco de morte do filho e exigindo uma redefinição do self parental e A FAMÍLIA SOBREVIVENTE AO LONGO DO TEMPO, que representa a resistência da família enfrentando a luta, reorganizando-se e avançando na trajetória, bem como o processo de aprendizagem da parentalidade no contexto da sobrevivência. Conclusão: O modelo teórico representa a configuração dos elementos que compõe a construção da parentalidade na sobrevivência do câncer infantojuvenil, evidenciando o alerta e a proteção dos pais em um contexto de luta e resistência aos inúmeros desafios ao longo do tempo. Crenças, medos, incertezas, perdas e forças também emergem nesta experiência que integra continuamente vida, morte e sobrevivência. O alerta e a proteção parental são os elementos essenciais para que os pais possam preservar a história do filho e da família / Introduction: The number of children and adolescents who survive cancer has increased significantly over the last decades. Survival is an experience that is not limited to the survivors themselves, as it also includes their family. Considering the evidence of the impact that cancer has on family life and on the parent-child relationship, this study focuses on families of children and adolescents who survived cancer, from the perspective of parenting Objectives: Identify the elements of the parenting process in the survival of child-adolescent cancer and present a theoretical model of this process, representing the integration of these elements. Methodology: This qualitative study was performed with Symbolic Interactionism and the Grounded Theory as theoretical and methodological frameworks, respectively. Data were collected by means of interviews with nine couples, parents of children and adolescents who survived child-adolescent cancer. Results: Comparative data analysis allowed for understanding the parenting process in the survival of cancer, revealed by the theoretical model PARENTAL ALERTNESS AND PROTECTION IN CANCER SURVIVAL OF CHILDREN. This model evidences that essential symbolic elements for the construction and exercise of parenting in the cancer survival context are structured around two phenomena: THE LENGTH OF THE BATTLE AGAINST THEIR CHILDS CANCER, which represents the disorganization caused by the disease in the life of the family, determined by their childs risk of death, and demanding a redefinition of the parental self; and THE SURVIVING FAMILY OVER TIME, which represents the resistance of the family facing the battle, reorganizing themselves and advancing in the trajectory, as well as the process of parenting learning in the survival context. Conclusion: The theoretical model represents the configuration of the elements composing the construction of parenting in the survival of child-adolescent cancer, evidencing the alertness and protection of parents in a context of battle and resistance to the countless challenges faced over time. Beliefs, fears, uncertainties, losses and strengths also emerged in this experience, which continuously integrates life, death and survival. Parental alertness and protection are essential elements for parents to preserve their childs and their familys histories

A psicoterapia breve infantil (PBI), aqui entendida como uma modalidade de intervenção terapêutica com duração limitada e objetivos circunscritos, dirigida a crianças e pais, é um importante recurso para que se possa oferecer assistência psicológica a uma parcela mais ampla da população. Apesar disso, e de seu potencial preventivo, tem sido alvo de um número restrito de estudos. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de contribuir para seu desenvolvimento, oferecendo um panorama dos conhecimentos da área e propondo diretrizes que auxiliem na organização do raciocínio clínico para o planejamento terapêutico. Inicia-se por um levantamento e uma análise crítica da evolução histórica desta modalidade de intervenção, desde 1942 até os dias de hoje, e propõe o delineamento de modelos de trabalho em PBI, com o intuito de organizar as contribuições de diferentes autores. A seguir, apresenta um estudo da evolução dos critérios de indicação utilizados por esses autores. Constata que esses critérios, ao longo do tempo, foram se tornando mais flexíveis, e que foi se instalando uma tendência a que a psicoterapia seja planejada de acordo com as necessidades e possibilidades de cada paciente. No caso de crianças, propomos que essa adaptação da proposta de trabalho às características individuais leve em conta, como elemento central, o referencial do desenvolvimento. Nesta direção, este trabalho utiliza-se da teoria do desenvolvimento de Erik Erikson para, em conjunto com os conhecimentos teóricos que constituem a base da PBI psicodinâmica, elaborar parâmetros que auxiliem na organização do raciocínio clínico para a compreensão diagnóstica dos casos e para o planejamento do processo psicoterápico. Para ilustrar esta proposta de análise, são apresentados seis casos clínicos de crianças, duas com idades entre três anos e cinco anos e onze meses, duas entre seis anos e oito anos e onze meses, e duas entre nove anos e dez anos e onze meses. Todas foram submetidas a um psicodiagnóstico breve em condições naturais de atendimento em clínica-escola. Conclui-se que a teoria do desenvolvimento de Erikson se mostrou compatível com o referencial teórico da PBI psicodinâmica, em especial devido a seu caráter epigenético, relacional e contextualizado. Além disso, a integração desses referenciais se mostrou possível e efetiva, facilitando a identificação de conflitos centrais e de padrões de relacionamento transgeracionais, a partir dos quais esses conflitos se constituem e se manifestam. Ainda, possibilitou a organização de parâmetros para o planejamento terapêutico, em especial no que diz respeito à construção do foco e das estratégias de intervenção, e ao papel do terapeuta. / Brief psychotherapy for children (BPC), here understood as a modality of therapeutic intervention with limited duration and circumscribed objectives, directed at children and parents, is an important resource in the offering of psychological assistance to a greater part of the population. Despite this, and its preventive potential, it has been the object of a restricted number of studies. This work aims at contributing to its development, offering an overview of the knowledge in the area and proposing guidelines for the organization of clinical reasoning for therapeutical planning. It begins with a survey and critical analysis of the historical evolution of this modality of intervention, from 1942 to the present day, and proposes the delineation of models of BPC, with the intention of organizing the contributions of different authors. After that, it presents a study of the evolution of the indication criteria adopted by these authors. It reveals that these criteria have become more flexible throughout time, and that a trend has been established for psychotherapy to be planned in accordance with the needs and possibilities of each patient. In the case of children, we consider that this adaptation of the work proposal to individual characteristics should take into account, as a central element, the referential of development. In this direction, this work uses Erik Erikson’s development theory in order to, together with the theoretical knowledge that constitutes the basis of psychodynamic BPC, set parameters to assist in the organization of clinical reasoning for diagnostic understanding of the cases and for the planning of the psychotherapeutic process. To illustrate this analysis proposal, six clinical cases of children are presented, two between the age of 3.0 and 5.11 years old, two between 6.0 and 8.11 years old, and two between 9.0 and 10.11 years old. All had been submitted to a brief psychodiagnosis in natural conditions of attendance in a training clinic. One concludes that Erikson’s development theory is compatible with the theoretical referential of psychodynamic BPC, specially because of its epigenetic, relational and contextualized characteristics. Moreover, it was observed that the integration of these referentials was possible and effective, that it facilitated the identification of central conflicts and transgenerational relationship standards, from which these conflicts constitute and reveal themselves. It also made possible the organization of parameters for therapeutic planning, specially for the construction of focus and intervention strategies, and for the role of the therapist.

Submitted by Fabricia Fialho Reginato (fabriciar) on 2015-08-25T00:08:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MicheleTrindade.pdf: 986974 bytes, checksum: c7865e10ed9e9c52c428a3cd8db9c055 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-25T00:08:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MicheleTrindade.pdf: 986974 bytes, checksum: c7865e10ed9e9c52c428a3cd8db9c055 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta dissertação teve como objetivo investigar as interações entre as práticas educativas parentais, o conflito pais-filho e a percepção do conflito interparental na dependência de internet em jovens. Realizou-se um estudo exploratório descritivo de caráter quantitativo e transversal. A amostra foi constituída por 200 jovens brasileiros, com idades de 15 a 24 anos. Os participantes responderam individualmente ao protocolo disponível online, constituído por um questionário sobre dados sócio-demográficos e sobre o uso da internet, a Escala de Conflito Pais-filho, a Escala de Práticas Parentais, a Escala de Percepção dos Filhos sobre Conflito Inter-parental (Childrens’ Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale), o Teste de Dependência de Internet (Internet Addiction Test) e o Questionário Diagnóstico de Dependência de Internet (Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire). Esta dissertação está organizada na forma de dois artigos empíricos, cujos títulos são: “Conflitos familiares e práticas educativas parentais como preditores de dependência de internet em jovens” e “Perfil discriminante de jovens dependentes de internet: o papel das relações familiares”. Os resultados encontrados corroboram estudos internacionais sobre as repercussões das relações familiares na dependência de internet e indicam que as variáveis investigadas têm papel e peso consideráveis na dependência de internet em jovens, tendo em vista que esse é um fenômeno complexo e de natureza multifatorial. / This dissertation aimed to investigate the interactions between parenting practices, parent-child conflict and the perception of interparental conflict on Internet addiction in young people. We conducted a descriptive exploratory study of quantitative and transversal character. The sample consisted of 200 young Brazilians between 15 and 24 years of age. Participants responded individually to the protocol available online, consisting of a questionnaire about socio-demographic data and the use of the internet, the Escala de Conflito Pais-filho (Parent-Child Conflict Scale), the Escala de Práticas Parentais (Parental Practices Scale), the Childrens' Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale, the Internet Addiction Test and the Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire. This dissertation is organized as two empirical articles, and the titles are: "Family conflicts and parenting practices as predictors of Internet addiction in young people" and "discriminant Profile of young internet dependents: the role of family relationships." Results confirm international studies on the impact of family relationships on Internet addiction and indicate that the investigated variables have considerable weight and role on Internet addiction in young people, considering that this is a complex and multifactorial phenomenon.

A psicoterapia breve infantil (PBI), aqui entendida como uma modalidade de intervenção terapêutica com duração limitada e objetivos circunscritos, dirigida a crianças e pais, é um importante recurso para que se possa oferecer assistência psicológica a uma parcela mais ampla da população. Apesar disso, e de seu potencial preventivo, tem sido alvo de um número restrito de estudos. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de contribuir para seu desenvolvimento, oferecendo um panorama dos conhecimentos da área e propondo diretrizes que auxiliem na organização do raciocínio clínico para o planejamento terapêutico. Inicia-se por um levantamento e uma análise crítica da evolução histórica desta modalidade de intervenção, desde 1942 até os dias de hoje, e propõe o delineamento de modelos de trabalho em PBI, com o intuito de organizar as contribuições de diferentes autores. A seguir, apresenta um estudo da evolução dos critérios de indicação utilizados por esses autores. Constata que esses critérios, ao longo do tempo, foram se tornando mais flexíveis, e que foi se instalando uma tendência a que a psicoterapia seja planejada de acordo com as necessidades e possibilidades de cada paciente. No caso de crianças, propomos que essa adaptação da proposta de trabalho às características individuais leve em conta, como elemento central, o referencial do desenvolvimento. Nesta direção, este trabalho utiliza-se da teoria do desenvolvimento de Erik Erikson para, em conjunto com os conhecimentos teóricos que constituem a base da PBI psicodinâmica, elaborar parâmetros que auxiliem na organização do raciocínio clínico para a compreensão diagnóstica dos casos e para o planejamento do processo psicoterápico. Para ilustrar esta proposta de análise, são apresentados seis casos clínicos de crianças, duas com idades entre três anos e cinco anos e onze meses, duas entre seis anos e oito anos e onze meses, e duas entre nove anos e dez anos e onze meses. Todas foram submetidas a um psicodiagnóstico breve em condições naturais de atendimento em clínica-escola. Conclui-se que a teoria do desenvolvimento de Erikson se mostrou compatível com o referencial teórico da PBI psicodinâmica, em especial devido a seu caráter epigenético, relacional e contextualizado. Além disso, a integração desses referenciais se mostrou possível e efetiva, facilitando a identificação de conflitos centrais e de padrões de relacionamento transgeracionais, a partir dos quais esses conflitos se constituem e se manifestam. Ainda, possibilitou a organização de parâmetros para o planejamento terapêutico, em especial no que diz respeito à construção do foco e das estratégias de intervenção, e ao papel do terapeuta. / Brief psychotherapy for children (BPC), here understood as a modality of therapeutic intervention with limited duration and circumscribed objectives, directed at children and parents, is an important resource in the offering of psychological assistance to a greater part of the population. Despite this, and its preventive potential, it has been the object of a restricted number of studies. This work aims at contributing to its development, offering an overview of the knowledge in the area and proposing guidelines for the organization of clinical reasoning for therapeutical planning. It begins with a survey and critical analysis of the historical evolution of this modality of intervention, from 1942 to the present day, and proposes the delineation of models of BPC, with the intention of organizing the contributions of different authors. After that, it presents a study of the evolution of the indication criteria adopted by these authors. It reveals that these criteria have become more flexible throughout time, and that a trend has been established for psychotherapy to be planned in accordance with the needs and possibilities of each patient. In the case of children, we consider that this adaptation of the work proposal to individual characteristics should take into account, as a central element, the referential of development. In this direction, this work uses Erik Erikson’s development theory in order to, together with the theoretical knowledge that constitutes the basis of psychodynamic BPC, set parameters to assist in the organization of clinical reasoning for diagnostic understanding of the cases and for the planning of the psychotherapeutic process. To illustrate this analysis proposal, six clinical cases of children are presented, two between the age of 3.0 and 5.11 years old, two between 6.0 and 8.11 years old, and two between 9.0 and 10.11 years old. All had been submitted to a brief psychodiagnosis in natural conditions of attendance in a training clinic. One concludes that Erikson’s development theory is compatible with the theoretical referential of psychodynamic BPC, specially because of its epigenetic, relational and contextualized characteristics. Moreover, it was observed that the integration of these referentials was possible and effective, that it facilitated the identification of central conflicts and transgenerational relationship standards, from which these conflicts constitute and reveal themselves. It also made possible the organization of parameters for therapeutic planning, specially for the construction of focus and intervention strategies, and for the role of the therapist.

<p>The aim of this study was to explore the role of death in the Swedish family. How do parents and families cope with the loss of a child/sibling? How do the remaining children in a family fare after loss of sibling? The study was caused out partially through a selective review of the literature on children loss in families and partially through interviews with families who had experienced death of a child. The results were analysed with help of Family system theory, Emotional theory and with an Esoteric perspective. The findings of the study were that although families do eventually cope with the situation the majority is struggling to adjust. Open communication between family members is important and will depend on how parents cope with their own grief. How the remaining children are treated also depends on how parents cope. Sometimes communication is lacking due to fear of facing their children’s pain. The study concludes that the way we are socialized in Sweden may alienate us from death and loss. Another conclusion is that philosophy of life seems important to be able to cope with loss.</p>

The aim of this study was to explore the role of death in the Swedish family. How do parents and families cope with the loss of a child/sibling? How do the remaining children in a family fare after loss of sibling? The study was caused out partially through a selective review of the literature on children loss in families and partially through interviews with families who had experienced death of a child. The results were analysed with help of Family system theory, Emotional theory and with an Esoteric perspective. The findings of the study were that although families do eventually cope with the situation the majority is struggling to adjust. Open communication between family members is important and will depend on how parents cope with their own grief. How the remaining children are treated also depends on how parents cope. Sometimes communication is lacking due to fear of facing their children’s pain. The study concludes that the way we are socialized in Sweden may alienate us from death and loss. Another conclusion is that philosophy of life seems important to be able to cope with loss.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri--Columbia, 2001. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 111-120). Also available on the Internet.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2010. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

There is an accumulating body of evidence suggesting that being raised in a non-intact family may adversely affect child outcomes across a number of developmental domains. There are nevertheless questions re: interpretation for a number of methodological reasons ranging from conceptualization of exposure to analytic approach. Given the dynamic nature of family life for some children today, changes in family structure may need to be captured in a more comprehensive manner. The scientific question is how capturing dynamics of family structure can be achieved. Data were drawn from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY), an ongoing longitudinal population survey following cohorts of Canadian children from infancy to adulthood across a number of domains of health and well-being. The sample comprised individuals aged 11-14 in cycle five of the NLSCY. We examined different approaches to conceptualizing and modeling the effect of the family structure effect based on previous studies in this area and from the lifecourse epidemiological literature. We examined the effects of current family structure, previous family structures, trajectories of family structure, and change in family structure on externalizing and internalizing behavior in pre-adolescence. We found that the validity of each approach was largely dependent on the specific research question at hand, with each one having its own advantages and disadvantages. Main methodological findings included confounding of the current family structure effect by previous experience, collinearity among family structure main effects, and low analytic power for trajectories. Guided by a conceptual diagram of the underlying causal structure, we also considered the time-varying nature of family income and employment status of the primary household respondent using inverse probability weighting to estimate the causal parameters of a marginal structural model. In one of our most sophisticated conceptualizations of family structure effects, we found that recent change in family structure had a statistically significant effect on the odds of externalizing behavior, OR (95% CI) = 2.95 (1.73-5.02). Overall, our substantive findings were tempered by methodological caveats, which have important implications for future studies in the area and for broader issues related to data collection, study design, and analysis.