The main goal of this practicum is to explore the issues of ecosystem services associated with a commercial parking lot in a temperate climatic condition. The site chosen was in Sydney, Australia. The intention of the design is to examine how ecosystem services can be engaged to reduce carbon emission; improve air and water quality; reduce stormwater runoff; mitigate temperature fluctuations; increase biodiversity and enhance human comfort and delight.

Parking lots can no longer be the inhospitable, pedestrian-minimalizing, environmentally-degrading uses of valuable open space that are accepted and tolerated as the "norm". The open space that makes way for parking lots is too precious to be wasted on places that provide little or no comfort to the user while also contributing to the degradation of the environment. By inserting a fantastical landscape — one which engages the senses through color, texture, and smell — into the mind-dulling landscape of a large surface parking lot, the resulting comparison is a waking call about the missed opportunities of celebrating beauty and the environment. This gives value to the landscape in today's mobile society where the natural world appears to be losing ground to the automobile. This thesis proposes a series of landscape structures over a vast surface parking lot — Potomac Yard Shopping Center in Alexandria, Virginia — that provide open space,the ecological benefits of absorbing storm water runoff and preventing UV bounce back, while ultimately repositioning and rejoining the pedestrian with the landscape. The project does not set out to eradicate parking. Rather, the project recognizes the need for parking in today's mobile society but prioritizes the important connection that must exist between people and nature within that context. / Master of Landscape Architecture

As more and more cooperation between government and private sector in public projects, the government is making a further promotion of private participation in public parking lot construction to improve the problem of parking supply exists in our city. This task needs strict project delivery procedure, objective and professional pre-work, but most cases in Taiwan, financial feasibility is private investor¡¦s greatest doubt because of lacking related analysis precisely. That is why there are very few parking lots invested and built by non-government sector. After integrating the ways and processes of private participation in public construction, this study will review the executive deficiency and propose improvement strategy from Taipei¡¦s experience in promotion of parking lot built by private sector. In addition, a currently running parking lot will be involved in case study to illustrate the financial feasibility of BOT. From the result of analysis, it is infeasible through BOT to construct parking lot. It must increase the rate and take some useful measures to make BOT feasible. If it is impossible to raise the parking fee, in order to get the problem resolved, the parking lot should be constructed by government and operated by private sector.

The surface parking lot was a key element in the destruction of traditional public space. It fragmented the fabric of traditional cities, prompting the sprawl of twentieth century cities and suburbs. The automobile permitted the average individual, for the first time in history, to move through public space insulated in a private shell, shielded from strangers and protected from undesirables. Consequently, the role of the sidewalk dwindled. The automobile and the parking lot dominated the pedestrian and the sidewalk, whose diminished vitality further encouraged widespread automobile use. As a result, the parking lot became one of the defining features of the American city. In the United States parking lots are expected to be utilitarian, prevalent and free. Even as traditional public spaces disappeared, there was little demand for new public spaces, particularly not in the parking lot. Through investigations of parking history and public space, this thesis argues that parking lots, by virtue of their visual and physical accessibility, are contemporary public space. Although they are singular in their use, in contrast to the multifaceted street, parking lots are the settings for modern public life. This thesis further asserts that the simple landscape of the utilitarian parking lot can be transformed into complex public space, thereby enlivening the public realm.

En Lima, se ha incrementado la cantidad de autos y camionetas, pese a ello no hay una adecuada infraestructura lo que genera déficit de estacionamientos para la cantidad de personas que compran autos nuevos (Gestión, 2018). Un informe de INEI (2018) manifiesta que los espacios para estacionar son escasos para el incremento de autos de 20% desde el 2014 al 2018. Pese a ello, las playas de estacionamiento no se han visto incrementados en la misma proporción debido a la menor cantidad de terrenos libres para operar. En consecuencia, no se ha podido cubrir la demanda de parqueos en la actualidad (Municipalidad de Lima, 2017). Por ello, se creó a Easy parking, un sistema de parqueo innovador en el centro histórico de Lima que consiste en dar solución a la escasez de estacionamientos, un sistema de parqueo rotativo y automático que utiliza el espacio vertical de los aires para aparcar y no el espacio horizontal. Con esta tecnología, Easy Parking podrá estacionar 10 autos en lugar de 2 como los estacionamientos tradicionales de la competencia, siendo una alternativa de solución al congestionamiento vehicular y a la falta de parqueos en el lugar. Asimismo, para hacer el negocio más eficiente e innovador, se creó una aplicación móvil para reservar los estacionamientos disponibles en línea. Luego de analizar el mercado y de diseñar las especificaciones técnicas del servicio se concluye que Easy Parking es un proyecto viable y rentable por sus indicadores que confirman su rentabilidad y viabilidad. / In Lima, the number of cars and trucks has increased, despite this, there is no adequate infrastructure, which generates a parking deficit for the number of people who buy new cars (Gestión, 2018). A report by INEI (2018) states that parking spaces are scarce for the 20% increase in cars from 2014 to 2018. Despite this, parking spaces have not been increased in the same proportion due to the lower amount of free land to operate. Consequently, it has not been possible to cover the parking demand at present (Municipality of Lima, 2017). For this reason, Easy parking was created, an innovative parking system in the historic center of Lima that consists of solving the shortage of parking lots, a rotary and automatic parking system that uses the vertical space of the air to park and not horizontal space. With this technology, Easy Parking will be able to park 10 cars instead of 2 like the traditional parking lots of the competition, being an alternative solution to vehicular congestion and the lack of parking on site. In addition, to make business more efficient and innovative, a mobile application was created to reserve parking spaces available online. After analyzing the market and designing the technical specifications of the service, it is concluded that Easy Parking is a viable and profitable project due to its indicators that confirm its profitability and viability. / Trabajo de investigación

The main campus of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) has a current parking inventory of approximately 14,310 parking spaces in 88 surface lots. Of the available parking spaces 92% are designated for the use of Virginia Tech students, faculty and staff members. The share of visitor usage of these parking spaces is approximately 2%. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the current visitor parking system and develop techniques to enhance the parking facility operations. The current visitor parking demand is determined by conducting a field evaluation of the visitor parking in five parking lots. Personal and follow-up interviews were conducted with university visitors to determine their satisfaction levels with the existing parking facilities. While the survey results demonstrated that 52% of visitors rated the parking services to be good or very good, the study also showed that approximately 28% of the visitors did not know the location of the most convenient parking lot to access their destination and almost 6% were not satisfied with the parking services offered by Virginia Tech. Apart from this, about 32% of the visitors had to visit at least 2 parking lots before finding a parking space. These figures clearly demonstrate a need for a better management of the parking lots to serve the visitors in an efficient way. In an attempt to enhance the visitor parking system a web-based interactive framework is proposed. This framework identifies the best possible parking lot(s) for a selected destination considering various factors like - distance of the parking lot to the destination and typical occupancy of the parking lot at specific times of the day and other relevant factors. The web-based interactive system is designed to provide the visitor with two or more choices for the parking in order to arrive at their desired destination. / Master of Science

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:57:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JulianaMSC.pdf: 2960475 bytes, checksum: ff925978b7f6c5c27eed0072ef0251db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-05-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The recent tendency to utilize parking lots for other purposes has demonstrated that more time has been spent by visitors, mainly in great cities. Therefore, this paper investigates the thermal comfort and the air quality indoors in areas specifically used as parking lots by analyzing the direct relation between such environments and vehicular pollution. The thermal comfort and the quality of air indoors in parking lots with different architectonic typology (ground-floor and underground) are also studied, aiming to contribute to the proposition of suitable new areas designated to human usage. Field research was done, in two distinct periods within different weather conditions (January and July) in, two naturally cooled, parking lots located in Natal - RN. The internal environment agents were measured by using tools for air temperature, humidity, speed and direction; interviews with employees and visitors and chemical analysis through appropriate tools to analyze specific material, carbon monoxide and ozone. The results showed that chemical agents densely concentrate mostly in the closed parking space, aggravated by weather conditions, which dissatisfied the visitors. Still, it was shown that architectonic typology, alongside topographical aspects compromise internal environmental conditions, which increases the retention of pollution, leading to dissatisfactory thermal comfort levels and becoming less suitable for usage by visitors considering air and thermal comfort aspects. Consequently, they are not suitable for human stay due to the poor quality of the indoor air / A atual tend?ncia de utiliza??o dos espa?os destinados a estacionamento veicular para outras finalidades tem resultado num tempo maior de perman?ncia dos usu?rios nestes espa?os, principalmente nas grandes cidades. Por esta raz?o, o presente trabalho investiga a qualidade do ar interior e o conforto t?rmico em ?reas reservadas a estacionamentos, atrav?s da rela??o direta destes ambientes com a polui??o veicular. Para realiza??o deste estudo, optou-se por estacionamentos com tipologias arquitet?nicas diferenciadas, sendo um estacionamento aberto e um estacionamento fechado, ambos ventilados naturalmente, situados em Natal/RN, com o intuito de contribuir para a proposi??o de novos espa?os desta natureza adequados ? perman?ncia humana. Para tal, realizou-se pesquisa de campo nos dois estacionamentos em per?odos distintos (janeiro e julho), espa?o de tempo condizente com os per?odos clim?ticos caracter?sticos (ver?o e inverno, respectivamente) da referida cidade. As condicionantes ambientais internas foram mensuradas atrav?s de instrumentos de medi??es da temperatura do ar, umidade relativa do ar, velocidade do ar e dire??o dos ventos; as humanas, atrav?s de entrevistas aplicadas com usu?rios dos locais (visitantes e funcion?rios); e as qu?micas, atrav?s de instrumentos de medi??o apropriados para material particulado, mon?xido de carbono e oz?nio. Na an?lise dos resultados, constatou-se que as condicionantes qu?micas atingiram maiores concentra??es no estacionamento fechado. Este quadro foi agravado pelas condi??es clim?ticas do local (maiores temperaturas do ar), resultando num maior registro de usu?rios insatisfeitos. Constatou-se que a tipologia arquitet?nica de estacionamentos fechados, com contribui??o tamb?m de seu aspecto topogr?fico, compromete as condi??es ambientais internas, potencializando a reten??o de poluentes, acarretando espa?os com baixo ?ndice de conforto t?rmico para seus usu?rios, sendo, assim, menos adequados do ponto de vista da qualidade do ar interior e do conforto t?rmico

In the world of increasing car sales and limited count of available parking spaces it is hard to imagine the parking space management issues would fade away anytime near. In a simi-lar way the Business Intelligence holds its position as one of the continuous trends in company IT environment. After the parking space navigation systems started to make its first appearance into the public parking lots, it started to be clear that their outputs could be potentially used to gain new information about the way the drivers behave and how the parking space is being used. That is the reason this thesis covers the field of acquirement of data from the parking space navigation system and its initial analytical use using the BI tools. Following the theoretic introduction of both Business Intelligence and BI project management comes the detailed info about the parking space navigation systems & the parking lot covered in the practical part of this text. These are followed by details of how the data collection procedures and navigation system data processing should be handled to allow building and filling of the data warehouse. On top of this DWH the analytic layer is both designed & implemented, followed by reports providing the information parking space owner requested. As the data warehouse contains a lot of additional data with expected possible use in the analytic processing, ie. using data mining tools, the last part of the thesis covers specifying single research question about the data available, which is later confirmed/denied using statistical analysis.

The aim of diploma theses is the revitalization of the village center Jinačovice. The area is going to be directionally and altitudinally modified, also new latitudinal disposition is going to be proposed for most effective usage of street area in current dense development. During proposal is necessary to deal with safety of traffic and pedestrians. The part of the revitalization is going to be a proposal of sidewalks, parking lot and bus stop.

Most cities are dominated by asphalt and concrete, which blocks the natural movement of rain water. Wetlands, riparian buffers, and roadsides are being lost or degraded in urban areas due to human development. Cities can be designed to benefit humans and nature by using techniques from green infrastructure and restoration ecology to improve urban sustainability. Parking lot M on McMaster University's west campus, constructed in 1968 on a former floodplain, directs the highly saline parking lot runoff into the adjacent Ancaster Creek. Natural groundwater sources along the surrounding hillslopes are directed into pipes under the parking lot and into the creek. A one-hectare riparian buffer restoration at lot M was used to assess the viability of depaving asphalt and establishing native plants through a vegetation study. Total native plant biomass was found to be similar to non-native plant biomass and was affected by road-salt salinity from the parking lot. Species richness per quadrat was higher for non-native plants, and greater for both non-native and native plants where less salt was present. Key hydrological fluxes were examined at the parking lot that could contribute to a proposed 0.6 hectare constructed wetland on the parking lot, known as “McMarsh.” Potential wetland water storage is in surplus year round, with an average storage of 265 mm/month. Successful restorations require maintenance following the establishment of native species. Management and maintenance of the restoration can help decrease non-native species. Engaging with the community through outreach and education on restoration projects is important for a successful restoration and increasing urban sustainability in cities. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc) / Most cities are dominated by asphalt and concrete, which blocks the natural movement of rain water. Wetlands, riparian buffers, and roadsides are being lost or degraded in urban areas due to human development. Cities can be designed to benefit humans and nature by using techniques from green infrastructure and restoration ecology to improve urban sustainability. Parking lot M on McMaster University's west campus, constructed in 1968 on a former floodplain, directs the highly saline parking lot runoff into the adjacent Ancaster Creek. Natural groundwater sources along the surrounding hillslopes are directed into pipes under the parking lot and into the creek. A one-hectare riparian buffer restoration at lot M was used to assess the viability of depaving asphalt and establishing native plants through a vegetation study. Total native plant biomass was found to be similar to non-native plant biomass and was affected by road-salt salinity from the parking lot. Species richness per quadrat was higher for non-native plants, and greater for both non-native and native plants where less salt was present. Key hydrological fluxes were examined at the parking lot that could contribute to a proposed 0.6 hectare constructed wetland on the parking lot, known as “McMarsh.” Potential wetland water storage is in surplus year round, with an average storage of 265 mm/month. Successful restorations require maintenance following the establishment of native species. Management and maintenance of the restoration can help decrease non-native species. Engaging with the community through outreach and education on restoration projects is important for a successful restoration and increasing urban sustainability in cities.