As the structure of society has changed, there has been a gradual increase in non-profit organizations. People no longer work to only satisfy biological needs, but have started pursuing higher levels of self-actualization by participating in various volunteer activities. This research aimed to investigate the relationships among the big five personality traits, participation motivation, and involvement of the Pingtung County Ligang Squadron Volunteer Firefighters. The main purposes of this study were: (1) To explore the relation of demographic features to the big five personality traits of volunteer firefighters; (2) To explore the relation of the big five personality traits to participation motivation of volunteer firefighters; and (3) To explore whether participation motivation would be associated with involvement. We distributed 185 questionnaires via purposive sampling and received 145 valid questionnaires. The response rate was 80.5%. Reliability, descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and regression analysis were employed for data analysis. The results showed that volunteer firefighters' personality traits were correlated with age, education level, and occupation. Among the big five personality traits, conscientiousness and emotional stability were significantly associated with participation motivation. Volunteer firefighters with the firefighting or nursing profession showed greater willingness for continued participation. Implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed.

The aim of this thesis is to propose new ways of communication of the self-help group focused on people suffering from social phobia. The theoretical part deals with perspectives of self- help groups and participation model taking into account socio-demographic profile, barriers to participation and motivation to participate as factors influencing participation. In the empirical part the reasons for the selection of questionnaires and interviews as data collection methods are described. In the part "results and discussion" I present the results of the analysis of external communication, the characteristics of the target group, the motivation to participate in the self-help group, barriers to participation in the self-help group and I propose new ways of communication adapted to the target group.

本研究採用文獻探討、問卷調查、深度訪談等方法，從解說志工的個人社經背景、人格特質、參與動機、工作滿足、管理制度檢討及組織承諾等進行探討，重要發現如下： 一、解說志工個人社經背景同質性高，大部分是透過現有人際關係介紹成為志工，在受訪者的基本特性方面，以女性居多，期別以第十期居大多數，年齡層以46~55歲中壯年佔的比例最高，教育程度方面以大學佔大多數，職業以退休人士最多，月平均收入以50,000~69,999元的比例最高，居住地以台北市佔大多數，婚姻狀況則是已婚居大多數，而無其他志願服務經驗及有宗教信仰者佔多數。解說志工的人格特質相對偏向外控傾向，但差異性不大。 二、參與動機多元化，隨個人屬性不同有所差異。 三、解說志工之工作滿足為中上程度，對於組織氣氛、督導有所期許；解說志工在組織承諾上，以「努力意願」最強，而在「組織認同」較弱，且隨個人屬性有所不同； 四、在參與動機、工作滿足及組織承諾程度皆是以內控者較高，顯示出志工在志願服務過程中，會以團體為核心，主動、自主、積極的態度來配合管理處解說工作。 五、參與動機與工作滿足之間有極顯著正相關，參與動機與組織承諾之間有極顯著性正相關，工作滿足與組織承諾之間有極顯著性正相關。 六、「工作特性滿足」、「社會責任動機」、「意願實現動機」、「督導滿足」、「教育程度(專科)」與「自我成長與生涯規劃滿足」等，對志工整體組織承諾有較大的預測力。

This dissertation presents the findings of a qualitative study on understanding the motivating factors underlying repeat attendance in market research studies and the ways in which repeat attendance participants are recruited to take part in such studies. The study was approached from an interpretivist paradigm, employing the self-determination theory and the theory of self-concept maintenance. Purposive sampling was applied. The data was collected by conducting eight semi-structured interviews with participants who had taken part in numerous market research studies. Through thematic analysis, sub themes were identified from the data, combined into second-level themes and grouped into the following three overarching themes: (1) participation motivation; (2) honesty/dishonesty; and (3) recruitment procedures. It was found that participants were not only motivated by extrinsic motivators such as incentives, but that intrinsic motivators were also present. Furthermore, a level of dishonesty was also evident, not only among the participants, but among the recruiters as well. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology with specialisation in Research Consultation)