The relationship between monthly transit pass ownership and home-work trip mode choice in the Greater Toronto Area was explored using a logit formulation. A Nested Logit model was specified with the primary mode (non-motorised, auto, transit, or auto access to transit) in the upper level and the pass ownership in the lower transit nests. Inclusive value parameters confirm the chosen structure, and a range of policy sensitive, statistically significant parameters having expected signs and magnitudes reveal differences between socio-economic characteristics of pass holders and non-pass holders. In particular, pass holders are less likely to possess a driver’s license or automobile than non-pass holders, implying that passes can be thought of as complementary mobility tools. Cost parameters, which include differentiated pricing for pass and non-pass holders, result in plausible in-vehicle values of time of approximately $31/hour, $33/hour and $8/hour for auto, auto access to transit, and transit all way, respectively.

Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögsk., 2001.

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Submitted by Israel Vieira Neto (israel.vieiraneto@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-06T18:04:38Z No. of bitstreams: 2 DISSERTAÇÃO Hérica Gabriela de Araújo.pdf: 1055762 bytes, checksum: 721761559f71dc2d521b34cf111cb1c4 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-06T18:04:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 DISSERTAÇÃO Hérica Gabriela de Araújo.pdf: 1055762 bytes, checksum: 721761559f71dc2d521b34cf111cb1c4 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-26 / CAPES / A partir da década de 70 começou a se questionar a validade da lei do preço único (LPU) em que baseia a Paridade do Poder de Compra (PPC), porque, segundo a qual, em condições de livre mobilidade de fatores os preços de um mesmo bem devem ser iguais em países diferentes. Mas as evidências empíricas demonstram que as variações cambiais não são totalmente repassadas aos preços domésticos, esse fenômeno é denominado de pass-through. Essa pesquisa representa uma adaptação da discussão apresentada no modelo desenvolvido por Woo (1984), implementado com Ohno (1989) e Feinberg (1991) e utilizado por Campa e Goldberg (2002), Pollard e Coughlin (2005) e Maciel (2006) como processo de mensuração do grau de pass-through nos preços domésticos para os principais produtos importados da Região Nordeste, no período de 2000 a 2012. Especificadamente, pretende-se: verificar se o grau de repasse cambial para os preços dos principais produtos importados será nulo, completo, ou incompleto; e, examinar o comportamento dos preços internos frente a choques cambiais. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto foi utilizado o Modelo de Correção de Erro Vetorial (VECM). Dentre os resultados obtidos, destaca-se que as commodities mais importadas pela região Nordeste foram Trigo, Amêndoa de cacau, Malte não torrado e Arroz semibranqueado, representando, respectivamente 62%, 20%, 14%, 2% e 1% na balança comercial. O coeficiente do pass-through para os preços de importação do trigo e cacau assumem valores no intervalo, , indicando que os efeitos dos choques cambiais não são repassados integralmente para preços de importação desses produtos. Em relação à depreciação real da taxa de câmbio, percebe-se que essa afetou positivamente os preços de importação de todas as commodities analisadas de forma persistente.

3 pp. / Frequently asked questions and answers regarding the Arizona Seasonal Pass application. Any Arizona resident exhibiting cattle, goats, sheep, or swine at any Arizona show or fair is required to obtain a Seasonal Pass.

The PASS theory createsa new perspective not only on intelligence but also the way of thinking and learning in general. The c oncept of intelligence is expanded by Lurij a's Keywords: PASS Theory , PASS Rating Scale , Cognitive p rocesses, I nformation P rocessing T heory, Intervention

The price pass-through relationship of retail gasoline markets in the United States has been examined on several levels. This dissertation takes two unique approaches to examine the pass-through behavior (1) a seemingly unrelated regressions model to survey regional differences in gasoline markets and (2) a pooled panel error-correction approach to analyze the effects of spatial competition on local Mississippi gasoline markets. The first model showed the presence of rockets and feathers on a regional level in the US. Moreover, every PADD had a long run asymmetric price pass-through relationship. I included variables to capture the effect of Hurricane Katrina. The inclusion of the Katrina variable indicated only the immediate period after the storm changed the pass-through behavior. Additionally, the market returned to the pre-Katrina pass-through relationship twelve weeks after the storm. The pooled panel model showed the presence of rockets and feathers in the state of Mississippi. It also indicated that the presence of spatial competition does have an effect on the price pass-through behavior. Moreover, the exact distance to the closest competitor did have a significant effect on the price pass-through relationship.

本論文は，従来よりも信頼性や効率が良く実用的に構造物の振動・騒音を低減することを目指して，実験および解析技術に対する新たなアプローチを確立することを目的としている．そのために，統計的エネルギー解析法と伝達経路解析法を統合することで，両者の入力を相互利用可能な手法を提案し，構造物の振動・騒音の低減を支援するための，実験および解析手法を構築した． / In this thesis, we have established new theoretical approaches as well as some basic practical applications in the development of noise and vibration analysis for structures involving transfer path and sound source from airborne noise and structure-borne noise. These new approaches were extracted from the existing experimental and analysis technique of noise and vibration for structures, which will improve their efficiency and reliability for noise and vibration reduction on industrial machineries as well as other machines. / 博士(工学) / Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

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Studien syftar till att belysa gastric by-pass opererade personers upplevelser före och efter operationen. Studien är utformad efter en fenomenologisk ansats och fokus ligger mot fenomenet som är upplevelserna av en gastric by-pass. De medverkande avgränsades till kvinnor och ett inklusionskriterium för att medverka i studien var att de hade genomgått en gastric bypass operation. Datainsamlingen skedde med hjälp av kvalitativa intervjuer. Vi har eftersträvat att få våra intervjuer till ett samtal, där vi som intervjuar är aktiva lyssnare. Bearbetningen av materialet fokuserade på de teman vi fann; Socialt isolerad och rädslan för varaktiga relationer, förväntningar och en svårighet att se skillnad, smärta och värk- operationen som en sista utväg, vården och komplikationer, jag ångrar mig inte och jag är lyckligare idag, den sociala omgivningen samt kroppslig förändring. Studiens resultat visar att det finns upplevelser av en gastric by-pass operation som har inverkan på den psykosociala hälsan. Med stöd av resultatet kan vi dra slutsatsen om att en gastric by-pass operation bidrar till att kvinnorna anser att dem lever ett lyckligare liv. Kvinnorna lever ett lyckligare liv bland annat eftersom dem har en känsla av att passa in i samhället, men operationen kan bidra till en del fysiska komplikationer, som kvinnorna redogör för. / The study aims to highlight the gastric bypass surgery people's experiences before and after surgery. The study is designed with a phenomenological approach and our focus is on our phenomenon, the experience of a gastric by-pass. The participants were limited to women and an inclusion criterion to participate in the study was that they had undergone a gastric by-pass operation. Data collection was done using qualitative interviews. We have strived to make our interviews to a conversation where we are active listeners. The processing of the material focused on the themes we found; Socially isolated and the fear of relationships, expectations and an inability to see the difference, pain and surgery as a last resort, treatment and complications, I don’t regret it and I'm happier today, the social environment and physical change of body. We have found that there are experiences of a gastric by-pass surgery that have impact on the psychosocial health. With the support of the results we can conclude that gastric by-pass surgery helps participants live a happier life with a feeling of fitting into the society, but that the surgery may contribute to complications that woman in the study are telling us about.