abstract: ABSTRACT German history during the 20th century was extremely complex—containing numerous events that can be labelled horrific and traumatic. The horrors and traumas of WWII forced Germans to actively address their country’s National Socialist pasts by taking responsibility for their roles, creating a national memory about the Nazi atrocities and implementing the reparations program, the Wiedergutmachungsabkommen, with the newly formed nation of Israel. The social theorist Theodor Adorno wrote in his 1959 essay “Was bedeutet: Aufarbeitung der Vergangenheit?” about three subtly nuanced terms: Aufarbeitung der Vergangenheit, Verarbeitung der Vergangenheit and Vergangensheitbewältigung, in which he addresses the various ways that Germany was dealing with traumatic events from this National Socialist past. Adorno specifically demanded a constant renegotiation of the past or Verarbeitung der Vergangenheit because it is the only way forward, through which people remember the horrors and atrocities of the past and work towards not allowing those events to occur again. This thesis applies the theoretical framework set forth by Adorno to explore efforts to engage the DDR and Stasi past after the Fall of the Wall and reunification. Specifically, it examines the concept of Verarbeitung der Vergangenheit and demonstrates how Thomas Brussig’s satirical novel Helden wie wir, and two documentary films Aus Liebe zum Volk and Das Wunder von Leipzig are examples of working upon this DDR and Stasi past. More specifically, the utilization of humor in the novel and the paralanguage modifications in the films provide insight to the feelings and emotions that individuals had about their pasts in the DDR. It is through this expression of emotion and feelings while writing and speaking about the past, which serves as the immediate moment when individuals actively working upon their pasts. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis German 2016

A construção do passado do Cariri cearense, a partir da produção historiográfica de J. de Figueiredo Filho (1904-1973), é o objeto de investigação desta dissertação. Nascido na cidade do Crato, filho de um farmacêutico que fora referência na cidade, Figueiredo Filho seguiu a carreira do pai, cultivando o desejo de ver melhorias em sua terra. Imbuído do desejo de dar à sua terra natal um lugar digno perante as narrativas produzidas sobre o passado nacional, juntou-se a outros intelectuais da região e fundou o Instituto Cultural do Cariri (ICC). Com o objetivo de realizar a defesa intransigente da região sul do Ceará, esses sujeitos realizaram diversas ações para horar o passado regional: solenidades, construção de calendários cívicos, panteão de heróis, fundação de um museu. Associando-se a diversas agremiações intelectuais, como a Academia Cearense de Letras (ACL), o Instituto do Ceará (IC), a Associação Nacional dos Professores Universitários de História (Anpuh), Figueiredo Filho foi construindo sua imagem de intelectual comprometido com a causa regional e legitimando sua vasta produção sobre o Cariri. Do romance ao folclore, passando por autobiografia, estudos econômicos e a própria escrita da história, seu projeto girava em torno do espaço em que nasceu e viveu boa parte de sua vida. Nesse sentido, este trabalho procura compreender de que forma a historiografia de Figueiredo Filho construiu um passado para o Cariri. As fontes utilizadas foram a revista Itaytera, as publicações da ACL, do IC e da Anpuh, e o principal foco de análise foram os escritos de história produzidos por Figueiredo Filho, ou seja, História do Cariri (4 volumes) e Cidade do Crato. / The research subject of this thesis is the construction of the past of the Cariri region of Ceará from J. Figueiredo Filho’s historiographical production (1904-1973). Born in Crato, in the state of Ceará, son of a pharmacist well known in the city, Figueiredo Filho followed his father’s career, fostering the desire of seeing improvements in his land. Imbued by the desire of giving his fatherland its righteous place before the narratives produced about the national past, he joined other intellectuals from the region and founded the Instituto Cultural do Cariri (ICC). Aiming to achieve the uncompromising defence of the southern region of Ceará, these subjects performed several actions to honour the regional past: solemnities, the elaboration of civic calendars, a Heroes Pantheon, and the foundation of a museum. Partnering with several intellectual bodies, like the Academia Cearense de Letras (ACL), the Instituto do Ceará (IC), and the Associação Nacional dos Professores Universitários de História (Anpuh), Figueiredo Filho has built up his image as an intellectual committed with the regional cause and legitimising his own works on the Cariri region. From novel to folklore, to autobiography, to economic studies and his own writing of history, his project revolved around the space in which he was born and lived for the most part of his life. In this sense, this work aims to comprehend how Figueiredo Filho’s historiography built a past for Cariri. The historical sources used were the periodical Itaytera and the publications of the following institutions: ACL, IC and Anpuh, and the main focus of analysis was the history writings produced by Figueiredo Filho, that is to say, História do Cariri (4 volumes) and Cidade do Crato.

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo retratar os quadros representacionais da população de uma cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo, Santo Antonio de Posse. Principalmente com relação às representações das transformações em seus modos de vida e do espaço da cidade. Para tal, um ponto de inflexão na história local é central. A chegada do \"estranho\", do desconhecido. A partir do contato com a alteridade, todo um novo conjunto de associações entre passado e presente é acionado, tanto para propósitos das leituras das transformações a que me referi, como também enquanto estratégia discursiva articulada à consolidação de identidades. Dentro desse percurso, mostrarei como é dispensado um papel central ao recém-chegado, o novo habitante. Ele é o depositário de toda a responsabilidade pelas mudanças ocorridas, o que dá cabo de um imaginário depreciativo em torno de sua figura, cuja decorrência é uma cultura do medo em relação ao mesmo. Elementos que causam toda uma reformulação a respeito do viver na cidade, bem como a definição do presente em contraposição a um passado comunitário. Elementos que serão buscados nas representações do imaginário local que, de alguma forma, está lidando e problematizando as transformações por que passa a localidade. / The present work had for objective to portray the representations of the population of a city of the interior of the state of São Paulo, Santo Antonio de Posse. Mainly regarding the representations of the transformations in their life manners and of the space of the city. For such, an inflection point in the local history is central. The \"stranger\'s\", alterity arrival. Starting from the contact with the alterity, an entire new group of associations between past and present is worked, so much for purposes of the readings of the transformations the one that referred, as well as while articulate discursive strategy to the consolidation of identities. Inside of that course, I will show how a central paper is released the newcomer, the new inhabitant. He is the receiver of all the responsibility for the happened changes, what gives cable of an imaginary one depreciative around his person, whose consequence is a culture of the fear in relation to the same. Elements that cause an entire reformulation regarding living in the city, as well as the definition of the present in opposition to a community past. Elements that will be looked for in the representations of the imaginary place that, in some way, it is working and problematizing the transformations why raisin the place.

This quality improvement project identified a need to improve patient placement between the Fast Track and the Emergency Department treatment areas of an urban Southern Arizona hospital. The current triage process at this hospital excludes patient past medical history, limiting the information given to triage nurses when assigning patient acuity scores and determining placement in the ED. This project sought to improve patient to nurse communication during the triage interview process by educating nurses to ask a ‘targeted history’ question: a question created to obtain concise past medical history information related to the patient’s chief complaint. This targeted history question was worded as “Have you been treated for [chief complaint] before?” Chart audits were performed to gather quantitative data on patient placement, ESI scores, triage interview times, and nursing compliance rates. Stakeholders were also asked open-ended questions regarding their perceptions of triage and the integration of the targeted history question. These interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded for common categories. Results show low nursing compliance with asking the targeted history question. However, almost two-thirds of triage notes mentioned some form of past medical history – showing that triage nurses assess for pertinent past medical history without prolonging total triage times. Additionally, stakeholder interviews showed healthcare personnel felt the targeted history question helped with gathering useful information and patient placement, and that past medical history is an important part of triage.

Práce analyzuje proces zavádění nového výrobku firmy Henkel na český trh. Výrobkem jsou dvě zubní pasty Vademecum - na citlivé zuby a na bělení zubů. Práce popisuje proces, jeho složky a na závěr obsahuje návrh zlepšení a možnosti pro další rozvoj.

This thesis investigates the perceptions of development held by the supposed beneficiaries of various interventions over time. Development (or maendeleo) has been central to Tanzanian political discourse since the late-colonial era and is still drawn on by government, Civil Society and Non-governmental Organizations alike. This research investigates the period from late-colonialism until the present day, discussing the way in which wazee (older people) in South-Eastern Tanzania interpret development. In other words, this thesis centres on the views held by a group often overlooked in development research in a region that is similarly sidelined. In order to delimit the study in certain important ways, this thesis is framed by three dimensions that are seen as critical to reading development: materiality, place and ‘the past’.Material aspirations are seen as significant herein and are placed alongside the material inequalities between people and places that help to frame older people’s readings of development. These inequalities are partly played out in the differences between places, as in two proximate villages in South-Eastern Tanzania, and the perceptions of place and space are also fundamental to interpreting development. History/‘the past’ and the way in which this is understood and represented is a third and equally important dimension which structures the way in which development is understood by older people, based on their experience of ‘the past’ rather than through historical distinctions imposed from ‘outside’. This thesis offers a multi-disciplinary approach to investigating development, and demonstrates that a thorough engagement with people who have lived through numerous different eras and experienced various interventions, generates complex, place-specific readings of development. Through ethnographic research I have been able to demonstrate the importance of ‘localized’ knowledge although many of those who were interviewed draw from attendant discourses at regional, national and global scales in order to exemplify their arguments. Development is largely understood through absence rather than presence by wazee in South-Eastern Tanzania and with far greater complexity than is often allowed for in more mainstream research into development. Expectations for development have been created over time by various promises of intervention but the perceived failure of many such attempts is seen to further emphasize the absence rather than the presence of development, with older people arguing that they are isolated and ostracised and written out of contemporary development and materially poor. The value placed on uncovering voices that are otherwise lost from debates cannot be overemphasized and this illustrates that development tropes appear far different when the perspectives of wazee are fully analyzed. This thesis, then, challenges mainstream discourse and conventional histories of development and argues for a more engaged and grounded reading of the concept.

M.A.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(人間・環境学) / 乙第13306号 / 論人博第52号 / 新制||人||219(附属図書館) / 2019||論人博||52(吉田南総合図書館) / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科文化・地域環境学専攻 / (主査)教授 水野 尚之, 教授 廣野 由美子, 准教授 小島 基洋, 教授 中川 優子 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Human and Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DGAM

The species representation of the epigeic invertebrates was found on the grounds of Miroslav. I compared oilseed rape, wheat and maize. The invertebrate capture was done using the method of soil traps. In each crop, I set up 5 ground traps on 28. 4. 2018. I pick up samples from the soil traps at ten-day intervals. The last collection was made on the day of the harvest of the crop (oilseed rape 20. 6. 2018, wheat 9. 7. 2018, maize 5. 8. 2018). I focused on the family of ground beetles (Carabidae). I totally caught 488 individuals from 25 species. In the oilseed rape I caught 231 individuals of 19 species, 102 individuals of 17 species in wheat and 155 individuals of 16 species in maize. I have divided species in the bioindicator groups: E 48%, A 52%. I used ecology characteristics to compare field crops: presence, absence, dominance, Simpsons index, constance, species diverzity, equitability and faunistic similarity.

The purpose of the thesis is to investigate what circumstances supports inherited responsibility to afford reparations. The general arguments for and against inherited obligations are presented and discussed. Hereafter, Denmark and Australia’s forced assimilation policies are examined in order to establish their responsibilities to correct the past injustice. The general arguments are applied when scrutinizing the cases. It is visible that it remains difficult to determine a nation’s responsibilities to correct past injustices, however, once considering the continuance of communities as well as inherited benefits and desert-claims, it seems justified that nations also inherit liabilities. The thesis is argumentative and normative in nature, entailing suggestions both for and against inherited responsibility. Once nations recognize that the purpose is to correct an injustice, and not take responsibility for its occurrence, it becomes clear that nations ought to accept inherited responsibility to afford reparations.