The submitted thesis deals with the system of retirement pension insurance within the territory of the Czech Republic. In the opening chapters it explains rudimentary terms and other important notions whose - at least sketchy - characterization is necessary for further full comprehension of the complex system of retirement pension benefits. The fifth chapter focusses on elementary terms which make clear the general calculation of retirement pension income. In the thesis different pension incomes (old age pension, disability pension and surviving dependant's pension) are defined by a general introduction into the topic of the respective types of pensions and their caracterization. In some cases there is a brief note about the historical context of the pension, in particular in case of surviving dependants' pensions. The thesis refers to the roots of such an adjustment. Then it is made clear what the legal conditions for the pension claim are, what entitles the benefit duration and when - according to the law - the respective benefit of pension insurance system expires, including the amount and payment of different pension incomes. The thesis includes important judicial verdicts of Czech law courts, principally on the retirement age interpretation, and a significant sentence of the European Court of...

The content of my graduation theses is historical development of pension insurance and plans for the reform in Czech Republic. In historical part I tried to refer to our long-term tradition of legal form of pension insurance and point out the most significant legal enactments of this branch of law. I also tried to answer the question if we can prosper from the experience of history when preparing the new pension reform. In the other part of my work I summarized the deficiency and positive aspects of current pension system in Czech Republic and also I referred to need to pass a new legal form of pension system with regards to financial untenability of the system and demographic development. I tried to describe present political and special endeavors of pension system reform that has been in progress since 1990 and than I pointed out the current discussion about pension reform. The object of my work was not to find out the ideal pension reform, because I think there is no ideal reform, but just to advert to necessity to change the current system. Decision about the pension reform is very serious theme of social, economical, legal and especially of political point of view. This kind of decision must be made in accordance with the whole political spectrum, to achieve the stability of the decision, and of coarse...

The objective of this diploma thesis is to describe public insurance funds of social security and to analyse their indicators and factors which influence these funds most. The social insurance system is significant revenue and expenditure channel of the national budget in the Czech Republic. Social and private insurance are two basic types of insurance. Social solidarity is essential principle of social insurance and principle of equivalence is typical of private insurance. This diploma thesis deals with systems of pension insurance, sickness insurance and health insurance. Existing setting of these systems will probably be inconvenient in the future. That is why they are subject of political discussion nowadays. Unfavourable demographic trend is the most major problem of pension insurance system. Effectiveness of sickness insurance is reduced by abuse of sick benefits. Increasing health care expenditures and excess of demand for health care are difficult questions for solving and setting of health insurance. Changes that are being made in social insurance systems today and also their impact on economy are described in conclusion.

The graduation theses is analyzing possibilities of pension reform in the Czech republic, proposals of political parties and financial group ING and then is considering situation in other europian countries and in the USA.

The diploma thesis characterizes pension insurance in the Czech Republic. It presents the possibilities of employees' wage increase in a selected organization. The realization of the increase is made by employer's financial contributions for pension insurance. These contributions are aimed at the cost savings of the selected organization. The present work deals also with the selection of the most optimal pension fund according to the assigned criteria.

Obligations of the employer in sickness and pension insurance Abstract This thesis deals with the individual obligations of the employer in sickness and pension insurance. Sickness and pension insurance are two of the social insurance subsystems. The state does part of its responsibilities in this area through employers, as they have the easiest access to some information. Of course, the state could obtain information from the employees themselves, but this would represent a huge administrative burden on the state and a great logistical problem in how to actually obtain information from the employees. Obligations that an employer must fulfil may be difficult for a small employer who does not want to hire external companies to fulfil its obligations to the state and it can be almost impossible to fulfil all obligations properly. The most well-known obligations of employers, of which (perhaps) all citizen-employees know, are payments into the sickness and pension insurance system in the form of social security contributions. The employer pays the social security contributions for himself and his employees. However, this is certainly not the only obligation of employers. There are many more of obligations and they are regulated in various pieces of legislation. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to present...

This thesis present an analysis of pension systems in the Czech Republic and the United States of America, according to the status in 2013. The aim is to make comparison of pension schemes based on defined criteria, that are budgetary responsibility, the quality of life for the elderly, social justice, social solidarity, equivalence and financial sustainability of the pension system. Another objective is to compare each pillar of the pension systems and analyze the different elements of the benefits that are provided from mentioned pillars. Theoretical basis include the Welfare State theory, the theory of public finance and the theory of market, state and civic sector and the criterion anchoring of the reform. The research is devoted to the analysis of pension systems ability to provide an adequate income in retirement, what is the real purchasing power of pensioners, whether the pension systems are due to unfavorable demographic development in the future financially sustainable and how the pension system encourages older workers to remain in the labor market.

Life insurance companies rely on mortality rate models to set appropriate premiums for their services. Over the past century, average life expectancy has increased and continues to do so, necessitating more accurate models. Two commonly used models are the Gompertz-Makeham law of mortality and the Lee-Carter model. The Gompertz-Makeham model depends solely on an age variable, while the Lee-Carter model incorporates a time-varying aspect which accounts for the increase in life expectancy over time. This paper constructs both models using training data acquired from Skandia Mutual Life Insurance Company and compares them to validation data from the same set. The study suggests that the Lee-Carter model may be able to offer some improvements compared to the Gompertz-Makeham law of mortality in terms of predicting future mortality rates. However, due to a lack of qualitative data, creating a competitive Lee-Carter model through Singular Value Decomposition, SVD, proved to be problematic. Switching from the current Gompertz-Makeham model to the Lee-Carter model should, therefore, be explored further when more high quality data becomes available.

Pension capital is the single largest block of capital in the global domain of finance and a transformative social force. However, the studies on pension fund capitalism have been geographically limited. Although vast pools of pension capital have been generated outside the Anglo-American institutional environments, we still have little knowledge on the social construction of pension fund capitalism outside that context. The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical-methodological tools for studying the institutional differences in pension fund investments with habitual institutionalist theory at the level of organisation fields, and to apply these tools in an empirical case study that has theoretical relevance concerning the recent financialisation of European pension provision. The case study is focussed on the field of Finnish pension insurance companies that execute the nationally mandatory partly funded TyEL pension scheme. The case study includes a single case analysis at the organisation field level with embedded case analyses on the investment processes in two companies. The study is based on multiple sources of textual and interview data gathered and analysed with content analysis. It is argued that the institutional life of Finnish pension insurance company investments illustrates divergence from the Anglo-American pension fund capitalism and has reinforced elastic institutional solutions especially in domains of governance and regulation even under Europe-wide financialisation pressures. The Finnish case shows that there are alternative institutional solutions for various domains of pension fund capitalism, but the strong Europe-wide trends have all characterised recent institutional change in the TyEL field as well. It is concluded that although the European shift towards pension fund capitalism with the generation of increasingly independent portfolio investors with increasingly principle-based regulation and risk-based supervision has not necessarily implied strong institutional convergence, the European pension investors are likely to share a number of common questions in the future.

In der Bundesrepublik hat sich die Überzeugung durchgesetzt, angesichts des bevorstehenden demographischen Wandels sei eine Stärkung kapitalgedeckter Elemente in der Altersvorsorge notwendig. Die Riestersche Rentenreform des Jahres 2001 stellt einen Schritt in diese Richtung dar. Zunächst wird dargelegt, dass die demographisch induzierten Schwierigkeiten der gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung (GRV) wahrscheinlich ebenso überschätzt werden wie das Problemlösungspotential einer verstärkten privaten Vorsorge. Daher wird anschließend untersucht, wie sich die Gewissheit von der Notwendigkeit kapitalgedeckter Vorsorge politisch durchsetzen konnte. Hierbei wird auf theoretische Ansätze einer Wissenssoziologie der Politik zurückgegriffen. Anhand ausgewählter rentenpolitischer Bundestagsdebatten der Jahre 1957 bis 2001 werden die Deutungen politischer Akteure hinsichtlich der Probleme der GRV, der Problemlösungen und der dabei vorgesehenen Rolle kapitalgedeckter Elemente untersucht. Gezeigt werden soll, dass die Rentenreform 2001 nicht einfach auf Grund demographischer oder ökonomischer Zwänge verstanden werden kann. Entscheidend sind vielmehr die politischen Deutungen solcher Sachverhalte und deren langfristiger Wandel. Erst aus der Verknüpfung von spezifischen Deutungen der langfristigen demographischen Entwicklung, der kurzfristigen Wirkung der Lohnnebenkosten auf die Arbeitslosigkeit und der Funktionsgrundlagen der GRV ergibt sich im politischen Prozess die „Notwendigkeit“ einer zusätzlichen privaten kapitalgedeckten Altersvorsorge.