Submitted by GUSTAVO ERLER PEDROZO null (gu_pedrozo@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-09-05T18:33:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PEDROZO. Implicações políticas e econômicas da ascensão chinesa para a América do Sul.pdf: 1945758 bytes, checksum: f6b654467cc8356d8840e9acb9129e02 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-09-09T14:18:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pedrozo_ge_dr_mar_par.pdf: 572311 bytes, checksum: d98aad00b42c2ceaf9f6757fa59726b9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-09T14:18:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pedrozo_ge_dr_mar_par.pdf: 572311 bytes, checksum: d98aad00b42c2ceaf9f6757fa59726b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Ao formular seu Novo Conceito de Segurança, a China vinculou diretamente a ideia de segurança à garantia das condições para seu desenvolvimento econômico. Diante da grande acumulação de capital via superávit em transações correntes e necessidades cada vez maiores de matérias-primas, abertura de novos mercados e influência política para estabelecimento de um mundo multipolar, a China lançou-se em um movimento de internacionalização de sua economia. Como estratégia de aproximação com o "mundo em desenvolvimento" os chineses resgataram o discurso do "Espírito de Bandung", em contraposição à tese de uma renovação da dependência ao estilo Norte-Sul. Partindo de uma relação estritamente comercial, os chineses passaram a fornecer capital na forma de investimento estrangeiro direto, financiamentos diversos e programas de ajuda internacional. O momento pareceu propício, uma vez que a ascensão de outras forças “emergentes” alimentou o retorno do debate sobre a Cooperação Sul-Sul. As relações da China com a América Latina não fugiram a esse padrão. Esta pesquisa, pois, questionou em que medida é possível afirmar que as relações entre a China e América Latina podem ser consideradas típicas de um modelo Sul-Sul, ou nos termos colocados pela diplomacia chinesa, que prezam pelo benefício mútuo em oposição a ideia do jogo de soma zero. Para responder à pergunta central da investigação, a abordagem proposta, portanto, buscou elucidar os seguintes aspectos: 1) verificar em que medida a conjuntura deste início de século favoreceu a construção de um regime de cooperação sul-sul e como este possível regime absorveu as alterações econômicas pós-crise de 2008; 2) verificar em que medida as relações chinesas com os demais países em desenvolvimento sob o lema do “benefício mútuo” significam um resgate do espírito de Bandung e podem ser consideradas típicas de uma cooperação sul-sul; 3) por fim, analisar, sob o prisma da cooperação sul-sul para o desenvolvimento, a evolução das relações da China com a região latino-americana, e, particularmente, com a região sul-americana. Sobre o último ponto, utilizou-se um levantamento documental dos principais acordos bilaterais e um levantamento de dados relativos às variáveis comércio, investimentos estrangeiros direto, investimentos patrocinados pelo governo chinês e financiamentos concedidos pelas agências governamentais chinesas. Esta pesquisa, portanto, procurou sustentar que, pelo viés da cooperação sul-sul, a situação chinesa é paradoxal, pois ao mesmo tempo em que o crescimento econômico chinês impele às economias sul-americanas a um padrão de comércio típico das relações Norte-Sul, a manutenção do ambiente internacional favorável aos objetivos chineses faz com que algumas concessões precisem ser feitas. Nesse sentido, sugeriu-se que, embora com limites estruturais, as relações da China com a região sul-americana, mas não na América Latina como um todo, poderiam se estabelecer nos termos da cooperação sul-sul para o desenvolvimento. / When the “New Security Concept” was formulated, the Chinese diplomacy sought to relate the security idea directly with the guarantees for China's economic development. Given the high capital accumulation via current account surplus, the higher needs for raw materials and energy sources, the political requirements for the establishment of a multipolar world, and the seeks for new markets for its exportations, China laid itself in an economic internationalization movement. As part of the strategy of its relations with the developing world, China used the discourse of the “Spirit of Bandung” to opposing the thesis that its ascension could contribute for new dependency relations. If firstly the approximation was based on commercial relations, in the 21th century, the Chinese began to provide capital to the developing world in several forms: foreign direct investment, different credit lines and foreign aid. The moment was propitious, once the emerging powers' rise seemed to feed the debate about south-south cooperation. This research sought to understand the relationship between China and Latin America inside this context. Therefore, we investigated to what extent the relations between China and Latina America can be seen as a south-south pattern or “mutually beneficial”, as the Chinese diplomacy often affirms in its public documents. To answer the central question, we proceeded as follows: 1) we verified in what extent the new century's conjuncture has favored the south-south cooperation regime, and how this supposed regime has assimilated the political and economic context after the 2008 crisis; 2) we verified if the Chinese relationship with other development countries can be classified inside a south-south cooperation definition; 3) we analyzed, under the south-south cooperation concept, the evolution of the relations between China and Latin America, but particularly with the South America. About the last point, this research has used a data collection for bilateral agreements, trade, foreign direct investment, government-sponsored investments and loans provided by Chinese development institutions. This investigation sustains that the Chinese rise has a paradoxical pattern: if the Chinese economic growth impels the South American economies to the north-south pattern of relationship, the maintenance of international environment favorable to the Chinese interests makes with some concessions need to be done. In this way, the results have showed that the relations between China and South America, but not the Latin America as a whole, could occur in the terms of south-south cooperation.

O objetivo do presente trabalho é buscar elementos para se analisar as relações interestreito de Taiwan, a partir da experiência histórica, processos políticos, dados econômicos e estudos securitários. O trabalho está estruturado em cinco seções: uma introdução, três capítulos de desenvolvimento e a conclusão. O primeiro capítulo procurou desenvolver uma perspectiva tanto sincrônica quanto diacrônica, relacionando o efeito da Guerra da Coreia sobre as relações interestreito naquele período. Entende-se que, ainda hoje, as relações interestreito são fortemente influenciadas por aquela conflagração, e, dada a precariedade do armistício, pela mera possibilidade da eclosão de um novo conflito armado na Península. O segundo capítulo foca-se no sistema político taiwanês e sua interface com as relações interestreito, estudandose, dentro das fontes que se pôde inventariar, a evolução do processo político e da construção de Estado em Taiwan. No terceiro capítulo, buscou-se chegar a um meio termo entre as duas perspectivas, enfocando-se a relação interestreito a partir de uma ótica regional. Especificamente, analisam-se o cenário político e estratégico pós-Guerra Fria na Ásia Oriental; o enfraquecimento da integração e o novo quadro estratégico na Ásia Oriental; e a reorientação da estratégia militar dos Estados Unidos, da China e do Japão, procurando-se relacioná-las à questão de Taiwan. Como conclusão, teve de se constatar o predomínio dos constrangimentos sistêmicos – não apenas sobre as políticas nacionais, mas sobre a própria região – no condicionamento das relações interestreito. Entendeu-se que a pouca previsibilidade da evolução desse relacionamento deve-se, em grande medida, ao caráter até certo ponto anormal da passagem da unipolaridade à multipolaridade. / The objective of this study is to find elements to analyze the Taiwan’s cross-strait relations, from the historical experience, political processes, economic data and International Security Studies. The work is divided into five sections: an introduction, three chapters of development and conclusion. The first chapter has sought to develop a perspective both synchronic as diachronic, relating the Korean War's effect on cross-strait relations in that period. It is understood that, even today, cross-strait relations are strongly influenced by that conflagration, and, given the precariousness of the armistice, the mere possibility of the outbreak of a new armed conflict on the peninsula. The second chapter focuses on the Taiwanese political system and its interface with the cross-strait relations, studying, inside sources that could inventorying, the evolution of the political process and the construction of state in Taiwan. In the third chapter, we sought to reach a compromise between the two perspectives, focusing to cross-strait relationship from a regional perspective. Specifically, they analyze the post-Cold War political and strategic landscape in East Asia; the weakening of integration and the new strategic framework in East Asia; and the reorientation of the military strategy of the United States, China and Japan, seeking to relate them to the Taiwan issue. In conclusion, we had to find the prevalence of systemic constraints - not just on national policies but about the region itself - in conditioning cross-strait relations. It was understood that the low predictability of the evolution of this relationship is due largely to the character to a certain point of the abnormal passage from unipolarity to multipolarity.

The objective of this Master's thesis is to analyse the term of "rule of law" and its Chinese variations (fazhi 法治 , fazhi 法制 , yifazhiguo 依法治国 ) since establishment of the People's Republic of China until present, with the emphasis on contemporary understanding of the concept, affected by political environment. The concept of the rule of law is presented throughout analysis of collected works of influential political leaders, namely Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin and Xi Jinping, reflected in official documents crucial to the legal system, such as the Constitution. Each historical period represents a different stance on the conception of rule of law and position of legal system, which results in analysis of current situation with a prospective future attitude to this issue. Keywords: rule of law, constitutional rule, Communist Party of China, China

The development of the People's Republic of China over the last decades is considered being one of the most significant trends in the current international environment. The Czech Republic has also experienced series of political, economical and social changes over the last years. However, the development of the Czech-Chinese foreign relations has not so far reflected these fundamental changes sufficiently. This thesis therefore describes the past development of the Czech-Chinese foreign relations and the development of the foreign policies of both sides and examines options for their mutual cooperation in the future. It is concluded that increased mutual cooperation could be beneficial for both sides for which supporting arguments covering the political and economic fields are presented separately for the Czech Republic and the People's Republic of China. In addition, specific diplomatic, economic and ideological instruments are proposed that might be used by both states in order to intensify the mutual Czech-Chinese foreign relations.

The thesis deals with the issues of economic cooperation between China and the Euroepan Union. Particular emphasis is given to the economic relations which are presented in the results of economic cooperation from 1975 until present. Whereas the mutual relations cannot be almost purely considered as a resultant economic variables, the issue is supplemented by international political questions which are closely related to the issue as well. The observed economic data are used to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of economic relations of China and the European Union and threats and opportunities arising from them.

The diploma thesis deals with the analysis of outward foreign direct investment of the People's Republic of China in Europe in general and with focus on Central and Eastern Europe. This work gives an overview of the main determinants that influence Chinese investor's decision and gives specifics and main features of Chinese FDI. The work also assesses the attractiveness of the CEE region in terms of FDI.

The area of economic cooperation represents one of the most important components of the country's foreign policy due to its special international status. The diploma thesis is divided into four parts. The first chapter deals with the theoretical definition of economic diplomacy. The basic characteristics of the land are mentioned in the second chapter, the third part deals with the structure of commercial diplomacy in Taiwan and the last section compares bilateral relations with Taiwan's diplomatic ally and the country without official diplomatic relations.

No / The software industry in the People's Republic of China has been growing rapidly over the last decades and has played a significant role in the economy. Alongside the industrial development, it appears that a comprehensive competitiveness assessment of this growing industry needs to be conducted. This paper draws on Porter's ''diamond'' theory of competitive advantage of nations and the suggested improvements of the framework from relevant scholars to assess the growing competitiveness of China's software industry. In particular, the focus is on the role of government policies and corporate strategies in shaping the competitiveness of the industry in China in comparison to the top players in the world. Specifically, the paper pays attention to the competitiveness of industry in China as to how and why it has developed the way it has in recent years and what have been the facilitating and impeding factors that has strengthened or weakened the industrial development. In the discussion and conclusions, the overall competitiveness status of China's software industry is evaluated and the diamond framework is reappraised in light of the industrial analysis and the previous research.

This study demonstrated that the piano, a typical Western instrument, became the Chinese composer's tool for expressing the sound ideals and tone qualities that are intrinsic to Chinese music. A new musical idiom was created in these piano compositions, an idiom that combined Western compositional techniques and traditionally-based Chinese ideals.

Approved for public release; distribution in unlimited. / The military changes that have transformed global politics in recent years - especially since the end of the Cold War - have brought about a new revolution in military affairs (RMA) by the United States. The PLA has begun to study the RMA by focusing on asymmetric warfare capabilities under high technological conditions. China believes that asymmetric operations have the advantages of enabling a swift and precise attack and avoiding mass destruction on Taiwan's infrastructure and hightech industry. They also have the benefits of low intensity, low collateral damage, high efficiency, fast attack, and fast victory. In summary, asymmetric operations are regarded by the PLA as a kind of warfare that conforms both with the dictum of China's ancient war theorist Sun Tzu to "defeat the enemy without bloodshed and fighting" and the demands of a modern economy. In the face of China's development of asymmetric capabilities, Taiwan should think about how best to confront and counter China's threats and to gain a military edge over China.