Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990. / Thesis Advisor(s): Suchan, James. Second Reader: Steiner, Kenneth. "December 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 29, 2010. DTIC Descriptor(s): Military Requirements, Skills, Performance(Human), Naval Personnel, Mathematical Models, Enlisted Personnel, Theses, Manpower, Fleets(Ships), Reading, Statistical Analysis, Missions, Regression Analysis, Recruiting, Probability, Training, Navy, Jobs. DTIC Identifier(s): Naval Training, Reading, Optimization, Recruits, Promotion(Advancement), Probability, Fast(Functional Applied Skills Training), Naval Personnel, Performance(Human), Statistical Analysis, Regression Analysis, Cost Effectiveness, Naval Budgets. Author(s) subject terms: Basic Reading Skills, Fleet Performance Measures. Includes bibliographical references (p. 41-42). Also available in print.

Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 1990. / Thesis Advisor(s): Fremgen, James M. "June 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on October 20, 2009. DTIC Identifier(s): Patrol Aircraft, Naval Aviation, Ocean Surveillance, Resource Management, MPA (Maritime Patrol Aviation), Operational Readiness, Naval Training, VP Aircraft, Theses. Author(s) subject terms: Readiness, Resources, Performance, VP, Training. Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-107). Also available in print.

Background: Surgical checklists are in use as means to reduce errors for safer surgery. Checklists are infrequently applied during procedures and have been limited to lists of procedural steps as aid memoires. Aims: We aimed to formulate a performance based checklist and to study its effect on the surgical task performance of novice surgeons when applied during both, routine knot tying and simulated emergency laparoscopic tasks. We also aimed to study the effect of the performance based intra-procedural checklist in clinical environments during elective laparoscopic procedures as a way of error reduction mechanism and improvement of patient safety. Methods: The study was conducted in two settings, lab-based and clinical-based environments. The lab-based study was conducted during both routine and emergency tasks. Lab-based study- routine task: Twenty novices were randomised into two equal groups, those receiving paper feedback (control group), and those receiving paper feedback and the checklist that was applied at 20 seconds intervals (checklist group). The task involved performing laparoscopic double knots which were repeated over 5 separate stages. Human reliability assessment technique was used for error analysis on unedited video recordings of the tasks. Endpoints included number of errors, error probability (number of errors/number of knots), error types and number of completed knots. Non-parametric statistics were used for data analysis. Lab-based- emergency task: Thirty consented laparoscopic novices were exposed unexpectedly to a bleeding vessel in a laparoscopic virtual reality simulator as an emergency surgical scenario. The task consisted of using laparoscopic clips to achieve haemostasis. Subjects were randomly allocated into 2 equal groups; those using the checklist (checklist group) and those without (control group). The checklist was applied by the trainees in the checklist group at 20 seconds intervals. The surgical performance was computed on eight predetermined technical factors. Clinical-based study: Surgical trainees in the general surgery at Tayside NHS were included in this study and required the attendance of a trainer during the procedure as per routine practice. Record year of trainees and previous experience on laparoscopic cholecystectomy were noted. Two elective laparoscopic cholecystectomies for each trainee were video-recorded without the use of the checklist, directly followed by 2 further operations after the introduction of the checklist. The unedited videos were analysed for error detection using human reliability analysis technique. Total number of errors per time during each procedure, total number of errors per number of instrument movements, total number of instrument movements per time and number of trainer intervention while per time were noted as assessment points. Results: Lab-based- routine task: 2341 errors were detected in 141 tasks, 408 subtasks and 2249 steps during the 5 stages. During the first stage, the errors were not significantly different between groups. The checklist group committed significantly fewer errors as compared to the control group during all the later 4 stages (p < 0.01). The checklist group had an enhanced learning curve as the last 4 stages showed significant fewer errors compared to the first stage (p < 0.05), while the control group showed no improvement. Error probability was significantly higher in the control group compared to the checklist group: median [IQR] 32.6 [25.89] vs 11.7 [10.72] (p < 0.01). Individual error types during each step of the laparoscopic task were identified. The checklist group performed better with fewer errors for all the error types. While, there was no significant difference in each of 'the lack of supination', 'tissue bite' and 'out of vision'; the differences in all the rest of error types were highly statistically significant (p < 0.01). Number of completed knots was not statistically different between the 2 groups. Lab-based- emergency task: The checklist group performed significantly better in 6 out of 8 technical factors when compared to the control group median [IQR]: Right instrument path length (m) 1.44 [1.22] vs 2.06 [1.70] (p= 0.029), and right instrument angular path (degree) 312.10 [269.44] vs 541.80 [455.16] (p= 0.014), left instrument path length (m) 1.20 [0.60] vs 2.08 [2.02] (p= 0.004), left instrument angular path (degree) 277.62 [132.11] vs 385.88 [428.42] (p= 0.017). The checklist group committed significantly fewer number of errors in the number of badly placed clips (p= 0.035) and number of dropped clips (p= 0.012). Although statistically not significant, total blood loss (lit) decreased in the checklist group from 0.83 [1.23] to 0.78 [0.28] (p= 0.724), and total time (sec) from 186.51 [145.69] to 125.14 [101.46] (p=0.165). Clinical-based study: Participants performed statistically better with fewer number of errors per time with the application of the checklist compared to when no checklist was used respectively: Median [IQR] total number of errors 1.51 [0.80] vs 3.84 [1.42] (p=0.002), consequential errors 0.20 [0.12] vs 0.45 [0.42] (P=0.005), inconsequential errors 1.32 [0.75] vs 3.27 [1.48] (p=0.006) and total number of errors per number of instrument movements 0.16 [0.04] vs 0.29 [0.16] (p= 0.003). With the introduction of the checklist, the number of interventions by the trainer per time decreased from 2.79 [1.85] to 0.43 [1.208] (p=0.003) and the number of instrument movements per time decreased from 11.90 [5.34] to 10.38 [5.16] (p=0.04). Conclusions: We have developed standardised checklists to be applied during elective and emergency laparoscopic tasks. The performance based self-administered intra-procedural checklist had a significant accelerating effect on the acquisition of technical skills when applied by novices during a standardised laparoscopic lab-based routine task and improved the task performance during a simulated laparoscopic emergency scenario. The checklist enhanced the performance of surgical trainees and decreased the number of interventions of the trainer during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Thesis (MDram (Drama))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study aims to discuss the complementarity of Western performance training and the Toltec Teachings. It is motivated by a recognition that performers in training might often have to develop their own means to training „system‟ post-study, especially in environments where limited opportunities exist to share in group contexts, such as Jerzi Grotowski‟s Theatre Laboratory or Eugenio Barba‟s Odin Teatret. The solution of self-study (study of the self by the self) is explored in answer to this challenge. Owing to the fact that theatre commentators and practitioners often reference the need to look to alternative models or „forms of civilisation‟ for support and illumination, the potential of the Toltec Nimomashtic System - a self-motivated system for studying the self - is considered as a potential „other‟ in this regard. This study takes into account that complementarity implies both similarities and differences between the two paths in question, and considers how these might offer support to the challenge of self-study in particular, as well as the context of performance training more generally. Comparisons are made between Western performance training and the Toltec Teachings with reference to theory (ideology), aims and outcomes, and practice (methodology). Such comparative analysis reveals that sharing the characteristics of mystery, resistance and paradox enhances complementarity. This suggests that both the way of the performer and the Warriors Path are paths of exile and exclusion. They have in common a defiance of social convention and a bias toward the non-ordinary or extra daily. This is evidenced most specifically through the pursuit of presence as a state defined by absence. Perception, as a central determinant of presence, is positioned in relation to discoveries in modern physics and Barba‟s (in Christoffersen 1993: 159) synergistic „traveller of speed‟ concept, as a means to elucidation. Investigation of specific Toltec ideas and methods that offer perspectives on destructuring the ego and the worldview it sustains, are seen to support Grotowski‟s via negativa as a process of eliminating blockages that impede effective expression, as well as Barba‟s (Christoffersen 1992: 80) „refusal of culture‟ as a negation or deformation of daily behaviour. Compatible approaches to shifting perceptions of the self by the self, in order to achieve the shared outcome of presence, thus consolidate the overall complementarity of the two paths. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie bespreek die komplimentêre aard van die Westerse performance opleidingsisteme en die Tolteekse leerstellinge. Dit word gemotiveer deur die besef dat performance-studente dikwels na afloop van hul formele studie hul eie opleidingsisteem moet ontwikkel. Dit word genoodsaak deurdat daar beperkte werksgeleenthede is vir studente binne „n konteks soos Jerzi Grotowski se Teater Laboratorium of Eugenio Barba se Odin Teatret om ervarings te deel. Teatermakers en kritici verwys dikwels na alternatiewe modelle of beskawings vir ondersteuning en die Tolteekse Ninomastiese sisteem (‟n selfmotiverende sisteem van selfstudie) word in hierdie studie as alternatiewe sisteem ondersoek. Die studie neem in ag dat die komplementêre aard tussen die westerse opleidingsisteme en die Tolteekse leerstellinge ooreenkomste en verskille impliseer wat selfstudie ondersteun binne die konteks van algemene performance opleiding. Westerse opleidingsmetodes en die Tolteekse leerstellinge word vergelyk ten opsigte van die teorie (ideologie), doelstellings en uitkomstes, sowel as praktyk (metodologie). Uit hierdie vergelyking tussen die twee sisteme blyk dit dat die ooreenkomste aspekte insluit soos misterie, weerstand en paradoks wat die komplementêre aard van die sisteme bevorder en suggereer dat beide die performer- en die Krygersweg roetes van bannelingskap en uitsluiting is. Verdere ooreenkomste sluit die verset teen sosiale konvensies en die keuse van‟n buitengewone lewe in soos gesien kan word in die strewe na teenwoordigheid as ‟n toestand wat deur afwesigheid gedefinieër word. As toeligting word waarneming as ‟n sentrale bepaler vir teenwoordigheid in verhouding met ontdekkings in moderne fisika en Barba se sinergistiese “reisiger van spoed”-konsep geplaas. Die ondersoek na spesifieke Tolteekse idees en metodes bied perspektiewe om die vernietiging van die ego en die wêreldvisie wat dit ondersteun, aan te dui en ondersteun Grotowski se via negativa as ‟n proses om blokkasies af te breek wat die effektiewe uitdrukking van die akteur ondermyn, sowel as Barba (Christoffersen 1992: 80) se “werwerping van kultuur” as ‟n negering of vervorming van daaglikse handeling. Die verenigbare benaderings tot die verskuiwing van die persepsie van die self deur die self om die gemene uitkomste van teenwoordigheid te bewerkstellig, konsolideer die oorhoofse komplimentêre aard van die twee weë.

Title Training and performance of a shot put thrower Aim of study The aim of study was to analyze performance development of shot put thrower Pavlína Radová in a five-year period. Analysis was focused on connection between the dynamics of athletic performance and the effect of training load during each of the two training cycles 2010/2011 and 2011/2012. Methods In this thesis, we used auto-analysis and comparison. Data for analysis of training load and performance development were obtained from the training diaries of the years 2010/2011 and 2011/2012. Results Sports performance development was majorly affected by character of training load and mental condition of the athlete in each yearly training cycle. Poorly chosen training load and insufficient regeneration lead to stagnation or decline in physical performance. Individual approach of the coach and his communication with trainee is very important. Key words Sports training, shot put, performance, analysis, training load

Title of thesis: Comparison of results of testing and game performance diagnosis of basketball players from team U15 Slavoj BK Litoměřice. Aim of thesis: To find out if the results of motion performance tests achieved by players during the training process will affect in-game performances of individual players during the season of junior U15 league. Methods of thesis: Analysis of literary sources and use of own experiences of children and youth coaching. While evaluating the motion performance tests done by players of team Slavoj BK Litoměřice, I used the assessment technique. I selected a numerical scale type of this technique. The examination of individual in-game performance was based on a direct field observation with a selected index, when the individual in-game performance of the chosen players is evaluated by the technical record of the game. I made a rating of a player's in-game performance from the data gathered from the game record, which characterizes his overall usefulness for his team in the particular match. Results: Thesis points out the issues of diagnostics of players match performance in sport games of children and youth. Theoretical assumptions correspond with practical experiences from working with children in lower age categories. In my work, I was comparing the motor tests...

The load-depended loss of vertical barbell velocity at the end of the acceleration phase limits the maximum weight that can be lifted. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze how increased barbell loads affect the vertical barbell velocity in the sub-phases of the acceleration phase during the snatch. It was hypothesized that the load-dependent velocity loss at the end of the acceleration phase is primarily associated with a velocity loss during the 1st pull. For this purpose, 14 male elite weightlifters lifted seven load-stages from 70–100% of their personal best in the snatch. The load–velocity relationship was calculated using linear regression analysis to determine the velocity loss at 1st pull, transition, and 2nd pull. A group mean data contrast analysis revealed the highest load-dependent velocity loss for the 1st pull (t = 1.85, p = 0.044, g = 0.49 [−0.05, 1.04]) which confirmed our study hypothesis. In contrast to the group mean data, the individual athlete showed a unique response to increased loads during the acceleration sub-phases of the snatch. With the proposed method, individualized training recommendations on exercise selection and loading schemes can be derived to specifically improve the sub-phases of the snatch acceleration phase. Furthermore, the results highlight the importance of single-subject assessment when working with elite athletes in Olympic weightlifting.

The NeuroTracker (NT), a computerized three-dimensional multiple object tracking (3D-MOT) training device, has potential benefits for concussion assessment and management, as well as maintenance of cognitive function. Accessing 3D technology is a limiting factor for 3D-MOT, so we assessed the performance of MOT training in 2D and 3D environments in both healthy and concussed individuals (8-91 years of age). The participants (n=86) who completed all ten training sessions over the three-month period, were assigned to one of three different studies: (1) an environment comparison (2D versus 3D), (2) an age comparison (youth, young adult, and older adult), or (3) a concussed population comparison (non-concussed, recently concussed, and prolonged concussed). In all studies, performance increased with training, indicating all individuals could increase perceptual cognitive function in all environments. Significant differences were apparent when 2D and 3D environments were compared, with participants in the 3D environment out performing participants in the 2D environment. Furthermore, switching from the 3D to the 2D environment was detrimental to learning performance. When comparing learning performance between different aged individuals, a linear regression demonstrated learning performance increased at a lesser rate with age(p<0.05). Concussed populations also demonstrated correlative trends when comparing learning performance, as well as initial NT scores. The longer an individual was suffering from concussion symptoms, the lower the initial NT score was, but the higher the rate of learning performance was through out training. Further investigation into attention, memory, and visual processing speeds in each population may help to better resolve the relationship between these domains and clarify if NT can serve as a means for concussion assessment and rehabilitation for individuals at any age in the future. / Graduate

TITTLE Analysis of the dolphin swimmer's four-year training session. AUTHOR Bc. Štěpán Šetek DEPARTMENT Department of physical education SUPERVISOR PaedDr. Irena Svobodová ABSTRACT The theme and aim of the work is to analyze the four-year training cycle of a swimmer specializing in bowling discipline. In the theoretical part, the work is devoted to the characteristics of swimming performance, swimming skills, swimming method of butterflies and its history and last but not least to the training process in swimming. The research part of the thesis deals mainly with the documentation of swimming training. Examiners' training records are recorded, which show the training process from four annual training cycles from 2006 to 2010. The general ones are studied with special indicators and their influence on the observed swimming disciplines. Conclusions could be a guide for trainers in how to change the preparation and thus improve the performance of their wardens. KEYWORDS Analysis, swimming, training cycle training indicators, performance, training load, motor skills