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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Asociace mezi Hin1I polymorfismem genu PLIN a masnou užitkovostí u plemene landrase

Červinková, Renata January 2009 (has links)
No description available.
2

Selection in the PLIN2 (perilipin-2) gene among wild savanna monkeys (Chlorocebus spp.)

Sun, Erica Yunn-Hsi 17 March 2022 (has links)
Perilipin-2 (PLIN2) is a gene that codes for the protein adipophilin, which is responsible for lipid storage in tissues and is associated with obesity and other metabolic diseases including fatty liver. It is generally conserved among primates, including humans. Recent studies show that savanna monkeys (Chlorocebus spp.) in South Africa, which moved to a colder climate, have both increased body mass and a duplication of the PLIN2 gene, presumably in response to colder temperatures. This project investigates variation and selection in the PLIN2 gene in silico among 73 wild savanna monkeys using an established bioinformatics pipeline consisting of command line tools, R packages, and Linux-based programs. We found significant genetic differentiation in the PLIN2 gene region at the taxonomic and population level. There are 45 SNPs outside of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, one being a missense variant. Our Tajima’s D results suggest balancing selection in two 1kb regions (12:60604000-60605000, D ~ 2.2, Intron 7-8 and 12:60606000-60607000, D ~ 2.4, 3’UTR). While we did not see clear evidence of any positive selective sweeps, we found 11 SNPs with integrated haplotype scores (iHS) that reach the p<0.05 threshold. Out of these, five are also out of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and eight show an association with ecological variables like insolation and temperature. Humans and savanna monkeys develop obesity and other fatty diseases similarly, and the PLIN2 gene may, in part, be implicated in these diseases. A better understanding of the variation in the PLIN2 gene could provide better insights into metabolic disorders in humans.
3

Use of Adipophilin and Perilipin to Determine Fat Deposition in Renal and Hepatic Tissue in Mice Overexpressing CTRP3

Wren, Noah, Nisar, Ummah Salma, Youngberg, George, Forsman, Allan 25 April 2023 (has links)
Studies have shown that overexpression of C1q TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP3) in mice fed a high alcohol diet can protect the animal from developing alcoholic fatty liver disease (ALD). Preliminary data from a recent study, however, indicated that overexpression of CTRP3 coupled with a high fat diet may cause kidney damage, including the development of (apparent) hyperlipidemic renal tubular vacuolization. If these findings are correct, using CTRP3 as a treatment for ALD would require careful monitoring of the patient diet to insure they limited the amount of fat in their diet. This recent study, however, utilized paraffin embedded kidney tissue. The processing required for paraffin embedding removes lipids/fat from the tissue. Thus, it is possible that what were assumed to be fat vacuoles in the kidney tubules may have been vacuoles unrelated to fat deposition, which represent a different aspect of tissue damage. Adipophilin and/or perilipin are proteins found in the membranes of lipocytes and membrane bound vesicles of fat. Immunohistochemical staining for adipophilin and/or perilipin 1 was used to determine if the damage seen in kidneys from the previous study was related to fat deposition or some other damaging factor. This information can inform further studies to determine how to proceed to safely administer CTRP3 to patients with ALD without damaging their kidneys.
4

Investigating the mechanisms involved in the anti-obesity effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and in obese db/db and lean C57BL/6 mice

Yeganeh, Azadeh 18 January 2016 (has links)
The high rate of obesity is having a significant impact on human health. Understanding the underlying biological mechanisms that regulate adipogenesis and adipocyte lipid metabolism is necessary to identify novel approaches that promote weight loss. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is an example of a naturally-derived product reported to exhibit an anti-obesity effect. For this thesis, it was hypothesized that the anti-obesity effects of the t10-c12 CLA isomer is due to lipid droplet dynamics alteration through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which leads to weight loss via affecting adipogenesis and/or adipocyte death. Testing of this hypothesis was achieved by examining the effects of the most biologically active CLA isomers, cis-9, trans-11 (c9-t11), trans-10, cis-12 (t10-c12) CLA using in vitro (3T3-L1 cell line) and in vivo (mouse) models. In 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, both c9-t11 and t10-c12 CLA stimulated early stage differentiation, while t10-c12 CLA inhibited late differentiation as indicated by fewer lipid droplets, lower adipokine levels, and decreased levels of perilipin-1 and phospho-perilipin-1 compared to null. The t10-c12 CLA isomer decreased hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) levels and inhibited lipolysis by activating protein kinase Cα (PKCα). As well, t10-c12-CLA inhibited adipocyte differentiation by stabilizing β-catenin, which sequesters peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ in an inactive complex. Reduced body weight in both db/db and C57B/L6 mice fed t10-c12 CLA was due to less white and brown fat mass without changes in lean body mass or an alteration in feed intake compared to their respective control. t10-c12 CLA did not stimulate cell death in white adipose tissue. Immune cell infiltration was decreased in calorie restricted pair weight control mice, but not with CLA. t10-c12 CLA-induced weight loss did not improve hyperglycemia in db/db mice. In conclusion, the anti-adipogenic effects of t10-c12 CLA in vitro result from stabilization of β-catenin, which alters lipid droplet dynamics through HSL levels and perilipin-1 phosphorylation via the activation of PKCα. In contrast, t10-c12 CLA promotes loss of adipose tissue in vivo, possibly by activating β-catenin, but without influencing either adipogenesis or adipocyte clearance. This study suggests a novel mechanism for the anti-obesity effect of t10-c12 CLA, and highlights the possible side-effects associated with t10-c12 CLA consumption. / February 2016
5

Efeitos dos hormônios tireoidianos sobre a regulação da expressão de proteínas envolvidas com a lipólise no tecido adiposo branco subcutâneo e visceral. / Effects of thyroid hormones on the regulation of the expression of proteins involved on lipolysis in subcutaneous and visceral white adipose tissue.

Silva, Mariana de França Oliveira da 21 August 2015 (has links)
Os hormônios tireoidianos (HT) executam um papel lipolítico importante no Tecido Adiposo Branco (TAB), sendo este efeito mediado por meio do aumento da expressão de receptores beta adrenérgicos na membrana do adipócito, o que aumenta a sensibilidade deste tecido as catecolaminas. Sabe-se que os principais efetores da ação lipolítica nesse tecido são a lipase hormônio sensível (LHS) e a lipase dos triglicerídeos dos adipócitos (ATGL), as quais hidrolisam os triglicerídeos em ácidos graxos e glicerol. Além disso, outros componentes estão envolvidos na atividade lipolítica, como as perilipinas, proteínas estas que envolvem a gota de gordura, formando uma barreira contra a ação da LHS e ATGL, de modo que precisam ser fosforiladas para que a LHS e ATGL possam exercer seu efeito lipolítico. Considerando: (a) a importância do tecido adiposo na homeostase energética e como fonte de citocinas, as quais estão relacionadas com a sensibilidade tecidual à insulina; (b) que a função e o metabolismo do tecido adiposo variam com a sua distribuição regional, e (c) que as ações lipolíticas dos HT, importantes reguladores da homeostase energética, têm sido muito pouco exploradas, pretendemos investigar, em ratos, (i) se os HT interferem na expressão da LHS, ATGL, perilipina A e dos receptores beta3 adrenérgicos no tecido adiposo branco, e (ii) se essas ações diferem nos distintos depósitos de gordura, o que poderia ampliar o campo de conhecimento sobre os efeitos lipolíticos destes hormônios e a nossa compreensão sobre a contribuição deles nas complicações associadas à obesidade e suas co-morbidades. / Thyroid hormones (TH) play an important lipolytic role in white adipose tissue (WAT). This effect is mediated by increased expression of beta-adrenergic receptors on adipocytes membrane, which increases the sensitivity of that tissue to catecholamines. It is known that the main effectors of the lipolytic action in WAT enzymatic activity, especially: hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), which hydrolyze triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol. In addition, other components are involved in the lipolytic activity, such as perilipin. These proteins support the fat droplet, forming a protective barrier against HSL and ATGL action. Considering: (a) the importance of adipose tissue in energy homeostasis and as a source of cytokines which are related to insulin tissue sensitivity; (b) function and metabolism of adipose tissue vary with their regional distribution; and (c) lipolytic actions of HT, important regulators of energy homeostasis, have been little explored, we investigated in rats with hypothyroidism and submitted to T3 treatment: (i) TH effects on the expression of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL),perilipin A and beta-3 adrenergic receptors in WAT, and (ii) if this action are different on subcutaneous and visceral fat depot. This study has increased our understanding about the contribution of these hormones on WAT metabolism and metabolic disease as obesity.
6

Efeitos dos hormônios tireoidianos sobre a regulação da expressão de proteínas envolvidas com a lipólise no tecido adiposo branco subcutâneo e visceral. / Effects of thyroid hormones on the regulation of the expression of proteins involved on lipolysis in subcutaneous and visceral white adipose tissue.

Mariana de França Oliveira da Silva 21 August 2015 (has links)
Os hormônios tireoidianos (HT) executam um papel lipolítico importante no Tecido Adiposo Branco (TAB), sendo este efeito mediado por meio do aumento da expressão de receptores beta adrenérgicos na membrana do adipócito, o que aumenta a sensibilidade deste tecido as catecolaminas. Sabe-se que os principais efetores da ação lipolítica nesse tecido são a lipase hormônio sensível (LHS) e a lipase dos triglicerídeos dos adipócitos (ATGL), as quais hidrolisam os triglicerídeos em ácidos graxos e glicerol. Além disso, outros componentes estão envolvidos na atividade lipolítica, como as perilipinas, proteínas estas que envolvem a gota de gordura, formando uma barreira contra a ação da LHS e ATGL, de modo que precisam ser fosforiladas para que a LHS e ATGL possam exercer seu efeito lipolítico. Considerando: (a) a importância do tecido adiposo na homeostase energética e como fonte de citocinas, as quais estão relacionadas com a sensibilidade tecidual à insulina; (b) que a função e o metabolismo do tecido adiposo variam com a sua distribuição regional, e (c) que as ações lipolíticas dos HT, importantes reguladores da homeostase energética, têm sido muito pouco exploradas, pretendemos investigar, em ratos, (i) se os HT interferem na expressão da LHS, ATGL, perilipina A e dos receptores beta3 adrenérgicos no tecido adiposo branco, e (ii) se essas ações diferem nos distintos depósitos de gordura, o que poderia ampliar o campo de conhecimento sobre os efeitos lipolíticos destes hormônios e a nossa compreensão sobre a contribuição deles nas complicações associadas à obesidade e suas co-morbidades. / Thyroid hormones (TH) play an important lipolytic role in white adipose tissue (WAT). This effect is mediated by increased expression of beta-adrenergic receptors on adipocytes membrane, which increases the sensitivity of that tissue to catecholamines. It is known that the main effectors of the lipolytic action in WAT enzymatic activity, especially: hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), which hydrolyze triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol. In addition, other components are involved in the lipolytic activity, such as perilipin. These proteins support the fat droplet, forming a protective barrier against HSL and ATGL action. Considering: (a) the importance of adipose tissue in energy homeostasis and as a source of cytokines which are related to insulin tissue sensitivity; (b) function and metabolism of adipose tissue vary with their regional distribution; and (c) lipolytic actions of HT, important regulators of energy homeostasis, have been little explored, we investigated in rats with hypothyroidism and submitted to T3 treatment: (i) TH effects on the expression of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL),perilipin A and beta-3 adrenergic receptors in WAT, and (ii) if this action are different on subcutaneous and visceral fat depot. This study has increased our understanding about the contribution of these hormones on WAT metabolism and metabolic disease as obesity.
7

A BIOPHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PROTEIN-LIPID INTERACTIONS OF THE LIPID DROPLET BINDING PROTEIN, PERILIPIN 3

Rathnayake, Sewwandi S. 01 August 2016 (has links)
No description available.
8

Investigation of a relationship between the core PAT family proteins and their expression in adipose tissue from specific depots of three mouse models with varying levels of GH signaling

Kolbash, Stacy L. 28 September 2007 (has links)
No description available.
9

Influência dos polimorfismos do gene da Perilipina1 (PLIN1) no  risco de síndrome metabólica e na perda de peso em crianças e adolescentes obesos / Effects of Perilipin1 (PLIN1) gene variation on metabolic syndrome risk and weight loss in obese children and adolescents

Deram, Sophie Marie Michèle 18 August 2010 (has links)
Introdução: Perilipina, a proteína mais abundante no adipócito, tem um papel importante na regulação da lipólise intracelular. Polimorfismos genéticos no lócus da perilipina1 (PLIN1) foram estudados e associados à obesidade e aos riscos de alterações dos fatores da síndrome metabólica (SM) em populações diferentes. Objetivo: Avaliamos crianças e adolescentes obesos (CAO) antes e após tratamento multidisciplinar com reeducação alimentar e estímulo à prática de atividade física, por um período de 20 semanas. Estudamos a associação entre SNPs (Polimorfismos de um Único Nucleotídeo) e dados antropométricos e metabólicos, como também a resposta à perda de peso após a intervenção. Metodologia: Foram avaliados 234 CAO (idade 10,6±1,3 anos) (IMC 30,4±4,5 kg/m2; ZIMC 2,31±0,28). As genotipagens dos SNPs PLIN1* 6209T>C, PLIN4* 11482G>A e PLIN6* 14995A>T foram realizadas através de PCR em Tempo Real. A ingestão alimentar foi calculada pelo método de registro da ingestão de três dias. O SM foi avaliado pelos critérios do IDF. Resultados: As freqüências dos alelos PLIN1*, 0,48; PLIN4*, 0,30 e PLIN6*, 0,26 foram semelhantes às outras populações; PLIN1* e PLIN4* mostraram um desequilíbrio de ligação (DL) (D=0,999, r=0,67). Antes da intervenção, não houve diferenças nas medidas antropométricas, porém a presença do alelo A no PLIN4 foi associada a triglicérides mais elevados (111±49 x 93,9±42,5 mg/dL P= 0,003), HDLC mais baixo (40±9 x 43,6±10mg/dL P=0,003) e HOMA-IR maior (4,0± 2,3 x 3,5±2,1 P=0,015). A presença do alelo A no PLIN4* associou-se a um risco relativo maior de ter SM (ajustado por idade e sexo: 2,4 (95% Intervalo de confiança: 1,1-4,9) para heterozigoto e 3,5 (95% Intervalo de confiança: 1,2-9,9) para homozigoto. Os resultados do PLIN1* foram semelhantes devido ao DL. Após intervenção, a presença do alelo T no PLIN6* foi associada a uma resposta melhor na perda de peso (3,3±3,7 x 1,9±3,5 kg; P=0,002) e uma maior perda de ZIMC (0,23±0,18 x 0,18±0,15; P=0,01). Discussão: Este estudo mostrou a influência da presença do alelo A no PLIN4* sobre o risco de ter SM em crianças e adolescentes obesos similares em termos antropométricos e de ingestão alimentar. Foi mostrado também que a presença do alelo T no PLIN6* influencia uma melhor resposta de perda de peso durante intervenção multidisciplinar. Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem que os polimorfismos da Perilipina têm influência nas co-morbidades associadas à obesidade e podem ajudar nas estratégias aplicadas no tratamento multidisciplinar em crianças e adolescentes obesos / Introduction: Genetic polymorphisms at the perilipin1 (PLIN1) locus have been investigated for their potential utility as markers for obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS). We examined in obese children and adolescents (OCA) aged 714 yr the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at the PLIN1 locus with anthropometric, metabolic traits, and weight loss after 20-wk multidisciplinary behavioral and nutritional treatment without medication. Design: A total of 234 OCA (body mass index (BMI) = 30.4 ± 4.5 kg/m2; BMI Z-score = 2.31 ± 0.28) were evaluated at baseline and after intervention. We genotyped four SNPs (PLIN1* 6209T>C, PLIN4* 11482G>A and PLIN6* 14995A>T). Results: Allele frequencies were similar to other populations, PLIN1* and PLIN4* were in linkage disequilibrium (D´= 0.999; P=0.001). At baseline, no anthropometric differences were observed, but minor allele A at PLIN4* was associated with higher triglycerides (111 ± 49 vs. 94 ± 42 mg/dl; P = 0.003), lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (40 ± 9 vs. 44 ± 10 mg/dl; P = 0.003) and higher homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (4.0±2.3 vs. 3.5±2.1; P=0.015). Minor allele A at PLIN4*was associated with MS risk (age and sex adjusted) hazard ratio 2.4 (95% confidence interval = 1.1 4.9) for genotype GA and 3.5 (95% confidence interval = 1.29.9) for AA. After intervention, subjects carrying minor allele T at PLIN6* had increased weight loss (3.3±3.7 vs. 1.9±3.4 kg; P=0.002) and increased loss of the BMI Z-score (0.23±0.18 vs. 0.18±0.15; P=0.01). Due to group size, risk of by-chance findings cannot be excluded. Conclusion: The minor A allele at PLIN4* was associated with higher risk of MS at baseline, whereas the PLIN6* SNP was associated with better weight loss, suggesting that these polymorphisms may predict outcome strategies based on multidisciplinary treatment for OCA
10

Influência dos polimorfismos do gene da Perilipina1 (PLIN1) no  risco de síndrome metabólica e na perda de peso em crianças e adolescentes obesos / Effects of Perilipin1 (PLIN1) gene variation on metabolic syndrome risk and weight loss in obese children and adolescents

Sophie Marie Michèle Deram 18 August 2010 (has links)
Introdução: Perilipina, a proteína mais abundante no adipócito, tem um papel importante na regulação da lipólise intracelular. Polimorfismos genéticos no lócus da perilipina1 (PLIN1) foram estudados e associados à obesidade e aos riscos de alterações dos fatores da síndrome metabólica (SM) em populações diferentes. Objetivo: Avaliamos crianças e adolescentes obesos (CAO) antes e após tratamento multidisciplinar com reeducação alimentar e estímulo à prática de atividade física, por um período de 20 semanas. Estudamos a associação entre SNPs (Polimorfismos de um Único Nucleotídeo) e dados antropométricos e metabólicos, como também a resposta à perda de peso após a intervenção. Metodologia: Foram avaliados 234 CAO (idade 10,6±1,3 anos) (IMC 30,4±4,5 kg/m2; ZIMC 2,31±0,28). As genotipagens dos SNPs PLIN1* 6209T>C, PLIN4* 11482G>A e PLIN6* 14995A>T foram realizadas através de PCR em Tempo Real. A ingestão alimentar foi calculada pelo método de registro da ingestão de três dias. O SM foi avaliado pelos critérios do IDF. Resultados: As freqüências dos alelos PLIN1*, 0,48; PLIN4*, 0,30 e PLIN6*, 0,26 foram semelhantes às outras populações; PLIN1* e PLIN4* mostraram um desequilíbrio de ligação (DL) (D=0,999, r=0,67). Antes da intervenção, não houve diferenças nas medidas antropométricas, porém a presença do alelo A no PLIN4 foi associada a triglicérides mais elevados (111±49 x 93,9±42,5 mg/dL P= 0,003), HDLC mais baixo (40±9 x 43,6±10mg/dL P=0,003) e HOMA-IR maior (4,0± 2,3 x 3,5±2,1 P=0,015). A presença do alelo A no PLIN4* associou-se a um risco relativo maior de ter SM (ajustado por idade e sexo: 2,4 (95% Intervalo de confiança: 1,1-4,9) para heterozigoto e 3,5 (95% Intervalo de confiança: 1,2-9,9) para homozigoto. Os resultados do PLIN1* foram semelhantes devido ao DL. Após intervenção, a presença do alelo T no PLIN6* foi associada a uma resposta melhor na perda de peso (3,3±3,7 x 1,9±3,5 kg; P=0,002) e uma maior perda de ZIMC (0,23±0,18 x 0,18±0,15; P=0,01). Discussão: Este estudo mostrou a influência da presença do alelo A no PLIN4* sobre o risco de ter SM em crianças e adolescentes obesos similares em termos antropométricos e de ingestão alimentar. Foi mostrado também que a presença do alelo T no PLIN6* influencia uma melhor resposta de perda de peso durante intervenção multidisciplinar. Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem que os polimorfismos da Perilipina têm influência nas co-morbidades associadas à obesidade e podem ajudar nas estratégias aplicadas no tratamento multidisciplinar em crianças e adolescentes obesos / Introduction: Genetic polymorphisms at the perilipin1 (PLIN1) locus have been investigated for their potential utility as markers for obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS). We examined in obese children and adolescents (OCA) aged 714 yr the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at the PLIN1 locus with anthropometric, metabolic traits, and weight loss after 20-wk multidisciplinary behavioral and nutritional treatment without medication. Design: A total of 234 OCA (body mass index (BMI) = 30.4 ± 4.5 kg/m2; BMI Z-score = 2.31 ± 0.28) were evaluated at baseline and after intervention. We genotyped four SNPs (PLIN1* 6209T>C, PLIN4* 11482G>A and PLIN6* 14995A>T). Results: Allele frequencies were similar to other populations, PLIN1* and PLIN4* were in linkage disequilibrium (D´= 0.999; P=0.001). At baseline, no anthropometric differences were observed, but minor allele A at PLIN4* was associated with higher triglycerides (111 ± 49 vs. 94 ± 42 mg/dl; P = 0.003), lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (40 ± 9 vs. 44 ± 10 mg/dl; P = 0.003) and higher homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (4.0±2.3 vs. 3.5±2.1; P=0.015). Minor allele A at PLIN4*was associated with MS risk (age and sex adjusted) hazard ratio 2.4 (95% confidence interval = 1.1 4.9) for genotype GA and 3.5 (95% confidence interval = 1.29.9) for AA. After intervention, subjects carrying minor allele T at PLIN6* had increased weight loss (3.3±3.7 vs. 1.9±3.4 kg; P=0.002) and increased loss of the BMI Z-score (0.23±0.18 vs. 0.18±0.15; P=0.01). Due to group size, risk of by-chance findings cannot be excluded. Conclusion: The minor A allele at PLIN4* was associated with higher risk of MS at baseline, whereas the PLIN6* SNP was associated with better weight loss, suggesting that these polymorphisms may predict outcome strategies based on multidisciplinary treatment for OCA

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