The aim of the present paper is to present the componential analysis of English deverbal causative phrasal verbs with the postverb OUT as well as classify them according to classeme and into LSG. The research material used in the paper is 130 verbs containing the postverb OUT selected from 4 dictionaries involving the Internet sources. The structure of the paper consists of an Introduction, 5 parts (taking into consideration the theoretical and practical parts), Conclusions and references. The subject of the research, aim, objectives, research methods and relevance are defined in the Introduction. The 5 parts include linguistic status of English phrasal verbs, word formation and phrasal verbs, sememe, lexical meaning, the componential structure of sememe: the hierarchy of semes, classeme, the components Cause, Become, Be, archiseme, differential semantic components as well as paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations. The Conclusions generalize the attained results from both the theoretical and practical backgrounds. The references provide with the list of all the sources which were used while writing and analyzing the bachelor thesis. / Darbo tikslas yra diverbinių, kauzatyvinių, frazinių anglų kalbos veiksmažodžių su postverb OUT komponentinė analizė ir jų klasifikacija pagal klasemą ir leksinę semantinę grupę. Tikslui pasiekti surinkta 130 frazinių veiksmažodžių su postverbu OUT iš 4 skirtingų žodynų pasitelkiant ir interneto šaltinius. Darbo struktūra susideda iš įvado, 5 dalių (teorinė ir praktinė dalys), išvadų ir literatūros sąrašo. Darbo tikslas, uždaviniai, tyrimo metodai ir aktualumas yra aptariami įvade. 5 dalys aprašo lingvistinį anglų kalbos frazinių veiksmažodžių statusą, žodžių darybą ir frazinius veiksmažodžius, sememą, leksinę reikšmę, sememos komponentinę struktūrą: semų hierarchiją, klasemą, komponentus Cause, Become, Be, archisemą, diferencinius sematinius komponentus ir paradigminius bei syntagminius ryšius. Išvados apibedrina gautus teorinės ir praktinės dalių rezultatus. Literatūros sąrašas pateikia šaltinių sąrašą, kuris buvo panaudotas rašant ir analizuojant bakalauro darbą.

The aim of the work is the examination of the usage of idiomatic eglish verbs. Phrasal verbs are the derivatives derived according to the following pattern: V (verb) + pv (postverb) = Vpv (verb postverb). They are regarded as one more type of word formation. English phrasal verbs are divided into non-reversible, metaphoric, and metonymic. / Darbo tikslas yra idiominių anglų veiksmažodžių vartojimo tyrimas. Fraziniai veiksmažodžiai yra išvestiniai žodžiai, sudaromi pagal tokią schemą: V (veiksmažodis) + pv (postverbas) = Vpv (frazinis veiksmažodis). Jie yra laikomi dar viena žodžių darybos rūšimi. Fraziniai veiksmažodžiai yra suskirstyti į nereversiškus, metaforinius ir metoniminius.

The present work focuses on the analysis of the Spanish particle-verbs (Verbos Sintagmáticos) oriented towards the teaching of Spanish as a foreign language. The most problematic aspects about this category have been observed in terms of their use and behaviour in the semantic, syntactic and phonological levels of the language. For this, we have based on the studies on Italian VS and English phrasal verbs (more developed theoretically). The purpose of this study has been to offer a clear basis that will serve for future research ?both theoretical and practice?, to elaborate a proposal of definition based on real data extracted from different corpus of Spanish, and to suggest a basic sample of didactic material that facilitates the introduction in the classrooms of Spanish as a second language content related to this type of verbs.

Submitted by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-07-17T19:12:39Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_Renan_Castro_Ferreira.pdf: 2147576 bytes, checksum: 576e918ce5169b06e2bd38124e8dd6e2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-07-17T21:25:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_Renan_Castro_Ferreira.pdf: 2147576 bytes, checksum: 576e918ce5169b06e2bd38124e8dd6e2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-17T21:25:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_Renan_Castro_Ferreira.pdf: 2147576 bytes, checksum: 576e918ce5169b06e2bd38124e8dd6e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / O presente trabalho buscou identificar as similaridades translinguísticas reais entre português e inglês em estruturas do tipo phrasal verbs e investigar a percepção dessas similaridades por aprendizes de inglês como língua estrangeira (LE) que são falantes nativos de português. Realizamos um levantamento em dicionários de verbos e regência com o objetivo de confirmar a presença, na língua portuguesa, de estruturas do tipo phrasal verbs. Depois, com base no referencial teórico de Kellerman (1977) e Ringbom (2007) sobre a importância das similaridades translinguísticas percebidas e/ou presumidas na aprendizagem de língua estrangeira, assim como no estudo de Sjöholm (1995) sobre o efeito delas na aprendizagem de phrasal verbs, utilizamos um teste de múltipla escolha e entrevistas semiestruturadas para examinar as percepções de aprendizes brasileiros de inglês e determinar se as similaridades entre as línguas em questão afetam o modo como eles compreendem e usam os phrasal verbs. O levantamento evidenciou que o português possui phrasal verbs e que muitos deles conservam similaridades de forma e significado com seus equivalentes em inglês. O teste de múltipla escolha mostrou que há uma tendência maior de escolha de phrasal verbs em inglês quando eles possuem equivalentes em português. Nas entrevistas, todos os aprendizes conseguiram identificar os equivalentes portugueses dos phrasal verbs apresentados, apesar de não terem estabelecido essa relação entre as línguas de forma consciente durante o teste. Os resultados indicam que a percepção de similaridades translinguísticas entre português-LM e inglês-LE na questão dos phrasal verbs leva à facilitação da compreensão e do uso dessas estruturas na LE alvo. / This work aimed to identify the real cross-linguistic similarities between Portuguese and English concerning phrasal verbs and investigate the perception of such similarities by learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) who are native speakers of Portuguese. To confirm that Portuguese has structures that can be classified as phrasal verbs, we carried out a survey in verb and verb collocation dictionaries. Then, based on the research by Kellerman (1977) and Ringbom (2007) on the importance of perceived and/or assumed cross-linguistics similarities in foreign language learning, as well as on Sjöholm’s (1995) study on their effect on the learning of phrasal verbs, we used a multiple-choice test and semi-structured interviews to examine the perceptions of Brazilian learners of English and determine whether the similarities between the two languages in question affect the way they comprehend and use phrasal verbs. The searches in Portuguese dictionaries evinced that Portuguese language has phrasal verbs and that many of them have similarities of form and meaning with their English equivalents. The multiple-choice test showed that the learners have a greater tendency to choose phrasal verbs in English when there are equivalents in Portuguese. In the interviews, all of the respondents were able to identify the Portuguese equivalents of the English phrasal verbs presented, in spite of not having consciously found that relationship between the languages during the test. The results indicate that the perception of cross-linguistic similarities between L1 Portuguese and FL English concerning phrasal verbs leads to the facilitation in the comprehension and use of those structures in the target foreign language.

My diploma thesis deals with phrasal verbs in Italian (it. verbi sintagmatici), such as andare via, andare su, buttare via, mandare gi? etc. In the first part of the thesis I will describe the disposition of these complex verbs theoretically with help of secondary literature. After that I´ll explain their position in current Italian language, especially their frequency of use on the basis of dictionaries and corpuses. The second, practical part is the core of this thesis. The aim of this work is to search Czech opposites of the selected sample of the Italian phrasal verbs. I put emphasis on their possible meanings. The thesis includes the dictionary with meanings of phrasal verbs.

This dissertation investigates an area of notorious difficulty for learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) within the framework of Cognitive Linguistics. Research from previous studies has indicated that phrasal verb learning may be more effective if a Cognitive Linguistic approach is adopted. However, the quantitative and qualitative research in this dissertation demonstrates that the approach, once integrated into a regular, classroom-based EFL programme, does not consistently yield significant learning gains. Further qualitative investigations highlighted the fact that the benefits of the approach have less to do with the Cognitive Linguistic explanations than with their compatibility with other learning strategies, such as employing imagery and grouping information. In addition, the approach is most suited to phrasal verbs that are already partially familiar to students. However, for other phrasal verbs the Cognitive Linguistic approach may even impede learning. In addition, the implications for phrasal verb pedagogy are then presented and discussed.

This dissertation investigates an area of notorious difficulty for learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) within the framework of Cognitive Linguistics. Research from previous studies has indicated that phrasal verb learning may be more effective if a Cognitive Linguistic approach is adopted. However, the quantitative and qualitative research in this dissertation demonstrates that the approach, once integrated into a regular, classroom-based EFL programme, does not consistently yield significant learning gains. Further qualitative investigations highlighted the fact that the benefits of the approach have less to do with the Cognitive Linguistic explanations than with their compatibility with other learning strategies, such as employing imagery and grouping information. In addition, the approach is most suited to phrasal verbs that are already partially familiar to students. However, for other phrasal verbs the Cognitive Linguistic approach may even impede learning. In addition, the implications for phrasal verb pedagogy are then presented and discussed.

Master of Arts / Department of Modern Languages / Earl K. Brown / How to teach phrasal verbs to L2 learners of English has been the subject of debate in Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) courses and materials alike. These multi-part verbs, consisting of a verb and one or more particles, convey a new lexical meaning different from their individual parts. Further complicating this is the fact that some transitive phrasal verbs can be separated from their particles to varying degrees by a direct object. Though variables affecting verb-particle separation lie below the level of consciousness for most native speakers, they make the acquisition of particle placement difficult for L2 English language learners. Additionally, the presentation of these verbs in EFL textbooks and university English language programs (ELPs) is inadequate. TEFL textbooks tend to place emphasis on the lexical acquisition of phrasal verbs, ignoring separable versus non-separable distinctions. However, native English speakers separate phrasal verbs from their particles about 66.5% of the time in spoken conversation. In order to determine whether traditional textbook problems associated with phrasal verb presentation persist, I analyzed eleven TEFL textbooks used in Kansas State University’s ELP. I also administered a grammaticality judgment survey in order to find out whether L1 Spanish speakers of L2 English view separation of transitive phrasal verbs and their particles to be grammatical. L1 Spanish Speakers of L2 English are disadvantaged by the fact that their native language is verb-framed, meaning that it does not make use of particles in the same way that English does. It is for this reason that native Spanish-speakers of L2 English constitute the experimental group in this study. The results of the TEFL textbook analysis reveal that none of the eleven textbooks analyzed could stand alone in the classroom to effectively teach phrasal verbs. The results of the grammaticality judgment survey show that L1 Spanish speakers of L2 English differ at a statistically significant level from L1 American English speakers in their acceptability of phrasal verb-particle separation. These findings have pedagogical implications for TEFL instructors, textbook writers, and English language programs, and demonstrate the need for more extensive and authentic phrasal verb instruction.

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p> </p><p><strong>Title</strong>: Les verbes à particule dans quatre traductions suédoise. Analyse contrastive entre langue source et langue cible.</p><p><strong>Language</strong>: French</p><p><strong>Author</strong>: Annika Holmé</p><p><strong>University/Department/Year: </strong>Linnæus University/School of Language and Literature/2010</p><p> </p><p> </p><p>In modern French there are no phrasal verbs and the aim of this essay is to analyse what happens to the meaning of French data, when translated into Swedish phrasal verbs. In Swedish there is very often a choice between a phrasal verb and a simple verb, for example <em>starta </em>et <em>starta upp</em>.</p><p>This is a contrastive analysis based on four different translations from French into Swedish, one of which is technical, one economic, one cultural and one political. In these four translations there were in total 128 examples of a Swedish phrasal verb, or in some cases past participles. Our analysis comprises the following particles (adverbs and prepositions): <em>av</em>, <em>i</em>, <em>ihop</em>, <em>in</em>, <em>ner</em>, <em>om</em>, <em>på</em>, <em>till</em>, <em>upp</em> and <em>ut</em>. We have analysed 43 cases where these particles have occurred.</p><p>First of all, we define the meaning of the French data (which is not always a verb) and then we define the Swedish translation with a phrasal verb. Next, we compare both meanings, in order to see if the presence of the particle has kept, changed or modified the meaning between source and target text. Finally, we explain the reason behind each translation.</p><p>Our analysis revealed that the meaning was sometimes made explicit, as in <em>spara in</em>. In other cases, the meaning was intensified, as in <em>driva på.</em> Furthermore, the analysis revealed a difference in levels of style, where in some cases the presence of a particle passed on a more informal style in the target text in comparison to the source text, as in <em>starta upp</em>.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: translation, French, Swedish, phrasal verbs, comparison, meaning, Aktionsart</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p>

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-11-24T11:22:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Samanta Kélly Menoncin Pierozan_.pdf: 2211732 bytes, checksum: df51b6675c3c210b2dce586056eb81d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-24T11:22:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Samanta Kélly Menoncin Pierozan_.pdf: 2211732 bytes, checksum: df51b6675c3c210b2dce586056eb81d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-24 / Nenhuma / O objetivo geral deste trabalho é investigar a metaforicidade dos Phrasal Verbs (PVs) tendo-se como pilar teorias da semântica cognitiva, principalmente a Teoria da Metáfora Conceptual (TMC), desenvolvida por Lakoff e Johnson (1980). Além da TMC, no que diz respeito ao significado dos advérbios ou preposições constituintes dos PVs – os quais podem ser chamados de partículas –, consideram-se também as contribuições de Rudzka-Ostyn (2003), a qual utiliza esquemas imagéticos para representar os PVs, e de Lindner (1981), que parte da Gramática Cognitiva (LANGACKER, 1987) para analisá-los. Tendo como foco os PVs up e down, como metodologia, utiliza-se o ferramental da Linguística de Corpus, extraindo-se os PVs do Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). Após realizar a seleção dos Phrasal Verbs para análise, relaciona-se o significado dos PVs selecionados com os sentidos e esquemas imagéticos propostos por Rudzka-Ostyn (2003); verificam-se como como esses sentidos expressam os esquemas imagéticos propostos; identificam-se as metáforas conceptuais, em especial aquelas do tipo orientacional, conforme Lakoff e Johnson (1980); e verifica-se o mapeamento metafórico das concordâncias analisadas. Os resultados apontam que os PVs, na sua maioria, são metafóricos, e que essa metaforicidade tem forte relação com a semântica das partículas que constituem a construção verbo-partícula. Além disso, espera-se com a presente pesquisa agregar à proposta de caráter pedagógico de Rudzka-Ostyn (2003), contribuindo para o ensino e aprendizagem de PVs. / The main purpose of this study is to investigate the metaphor properties of Phrasal Verbs (PVs), based on cognitive semantic theories, especially the Conceptual Metaphor Theory, developed by Lakoff and Johnson (1980). In addition, concerning the meaning of adverbs or prepositions that constitute PVs – which can be called particles –, contributions made by Rudzka-Ostyn (2003), who uses image schemas to represent PVs, and Lindner (1981), who takes into consideration Cognitive Grammar (LANGACKER, 1987) to analyze them, are considered. The up and down particles are the focus of this investigation. Regarding methodology, Corpus Linguistics is used, and the PVs are extracted from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). After selecting them, the relation between the PVs and Rudzka-Ostyn’s image schemas is verified, as well as how their senses express the image schemas proposed by Rudzka-Ostyn (2003); conceptual metaphors, especially the orientational ones, are identified, in accordance with Lakoff and Johnson (1980); and the mapping between conceptual domains is verified. The results point that the PVs are mostly methaphoric, and that its metaphor properties are strongly related to the meaning of the particles that constitute each verb-particle construction. In addition, it is hoped this research adds to the pedagogical proposal of Rudzka-Ostyn (2003), contributing to the teaching and learning of PVs.