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L’objectif de notre étude était de mesurer l’influence d’une supplémentation de 6 semaines en oméga 3 (600 mg EPA et 400 mg DHA par jour) pris seul ou en association avec un antioxydant vitaminique (30 mg vitamine E, 60 mg vitamine C et 6 mg β- carotène par jour), sur l’évolution des paramètres oxydants, antioxydants et lipidiques de judokas (n = 37). Les sujets ont aléatoirement été répartis en trois groupes: placebo, oméga 3, ou oméga 3 et antioxydant. Des prélèvements sanguins ont été collectés avant et après un entrainement de judo, réalisé avant et après une période de supplémentation. Nous avons analysé: la lag phase, le taux maximum d’oxydation (Rmax) et la quantité maximale (CDmax) des diènes conjugués, l’oxyde nitrique (NO), les malondialdéhydes (MDA), les peroxydes lipidiques (LOOH), les α-tocophérol, le rétinol, le profil lipidique au niveau sanguin, et l’activité de la glutathion peroxydase au niveau salivaire. L’alimentation des sujets a été contrôlée au moyen de registres alimentaires de 7 jours. Une interaction significative entre la supplémentation et le temps (p < .01) a été notée avec les triglycérides, qui ont diminué au repos tout comme à l’effort. Une interaction significative entre la supplémentation et le temps (p < .05) a également été constatée par une élévation des valeurs de repos en MDA, LOOH et Rmax dans le groupe oméga 3, alors qu’aucun changement n’a été observé dans le groupe placebo. Avec l’exercice, nous avons observé une augmentation significativement supérieure des NO et de la peroxydation lipidique (MDA, Rmax, CDmax, LOOH) dans le groupe oméga 3 par rapport au placebo. L’addition de l’antioxydant aux omégas 3 n’est pas parvenue à prévenir la formation de produits de l’oxydation au repos, mais elle a contribué à la diminution significative de la peroxydation lipidique (LOOH, CDmax, Rmax et MDA) après l’entrainement de judo, et à l’augmentation significative du rétinol et des α-tocophérols au repos tout comme après l’entrainement. / The purpose of this study was to measure the influence of 6 wk of omega 3 (600 mg EPA and 400 mg DHA per day) supplementation alone or in association with an antioxidant (30 mg vitamin E, 60 mg vitamin C and 6 mg β carotene per day) on resting and exercise-induced alteration in oxidation, antioxidant status and lipids in judoists (n = 37). Subjects were randomly assigned to three groups: placebo, omega 3, or omega 3 and antioxidant. Blood samples were collected in preexercise and postexercise conditions (judo-training session), both before and after the supplementation period. The following parameters were analyzed: α-tocopherol, retinol, lag phase , maximum rate of oxidation (Rmax), maximum amount of conjugated dienes (CDmax), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), lipoperoxides (LOOH) concentrations, salivary glutathione peroxidase activity, and the lipid profile. Dietary data were collected using a 7-day dietary record. A significant interaction effect between supplementation and time (p < .01) on triglycerides was noted at rest and after exercise, with resting values significantly lower in the omega 3 group after supplementation than in the placebo group. Significant interaction effects between supplementation and time (p < .05) on resting MDA, LOOH concentrations and Rmax were found, with elevated values in the omega 3 group after supplementation and no change in the placebo group’s levels. The authors observed a significantly greater NO and lipid peroxidation (MDA, Rmax, CDmax, LOOH) increase with exercise in the omega 3 group than with placebo. The addition of antioxidants did not prevent the formation of oxidation products at rest. On the contrary, it seems that the combination of antioxidants added to the omega 3 supplements led to a decrease in LOOH, CDmax, Rmax and MDA concentrations after a judo training session. With the addition of antioxidants, the retinol and α-tocopherol significantly increased at rest and after the training session.

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi de analisar a influência de um programa de exercício físico generalizado na memória e nas funções executivas de pessoas com doença de Parkinson. A amostra inicial foi composta por 69 participantes de ambos os gêneros (n=23 - grupo controle (GC), sem doenças neurodegenerativas; n=23 - grupo controle com doença de Parkinson (GCP), não participaram de programa de exercício físico; e n=23 - grupo de treinamento (GT) participaram de um programa de exercício físico durante seis meses). Em todos os grupos, pré-intervenção, avaliouse: estágio da doença pela Escala de Hoehn-Yahr modificada; rastreio cognitivo pelo Mini-Exame do Estado Mental; nível de atividade física pelo Questionário Baecke Modificado para Idosos; memória declarativa episódica e capacidade de evocação pelos sub-testes Memória Lógica I e II; memória de curto prazo, memória declarativa episódica, aprendizagem, capacidade de evocação e funções executivas pelo subteste Pares Verbais Associados; memória visuo-espacial pelo sub-teste Blocos de Corsi; memória de curto prazo e memória operacional pelo sub-teste Dígitos; memória operacional pelo sub-teste Sequência de Números e Letras; funções executivas pelo Teste Wisconsin de Classificação de Cartões; atenção concentrada pelo sub-teste Procurar Símbolos; sintomas de ansiedade pelo Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado; sintomas depressivos pela Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão; e sintomas de estresse pelo Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para adultos de Lipp. Após seis meses de intervenção, 56 participantes (n=20 GC; n=20 GCP; n=16 GT) foram reavaliados pelos mesmos testes. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada estatística descritiva (média e desvio-padrão) e ANOVA two-way para medidas repetidas em todas as variáveis com nível de significância... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of a generalized physical exercise program on memory and executive functions in people with Parkinson's disease. The initial sample was composed by 69 participants of both gender (n=23 - control group (CG), without neurodegenerative diseases; n=23 - control group with Parkinson's disease (CGP), no participated in program of physical exercise; and n=23 - training group (TG), participated in program of physical exercíse for six months). In all of the groups, pre-intervention, was evaluated: severity of disease by Hoehn-Yahr Scale; cognitive screening by Mini-Mental State Examination; level of physical activity by Questionnaires Baecke Modified for the Elderly; episodic memory and recall memory by sub-tests Logic Memory I and II; short-term memory, episodic memory, learning, recall memory and executive functions by sub-test Paired Associated Learning; visuo-spatial memory by sub-test Corsi's Block-tapping test; short-term memory and working memory by sub-test Digits span; working memory by sub-test Letter Number Sequencing; executive functions by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; concentrated attention by sub-test Symbol Search; anxiety symptoms by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; depressive symptoms by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; and stress symptoms by Lipp's Stress Symptoms Inventory for Adults. After six months of intervention, 56 participants (n=20 CG; n=20 CGP; n=16 TG) were revalued by the same tests. For the analysis of the data it was used descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and two-way ANOVA for repeated measurements of all variables. The level of significance adopted was p<0.05. The results pointed significant interactions (p<0.05) in episodic memory, recall memory, learning, visuo-spatial memory, working memory and executive... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Sebastião Gobbi / Coorientador: Ruth Ferreira Santos / Banca: José Carlos Fernandes Galduróz / Banca: Florindo Stella / Mestre

A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment for the requirements of the degree of Masters of Arts in Clinical Psychology at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2003. / This trans-disciplinary study was conducted in the paradigm of health psychology, investigating the causal relationship between physical exercise and psychological wellness. The aim-of the study is to increase awareness of the benefits of physical exercise as an adjunct to/or modality of treatment of mental illness. Further, the study aims to highlight the need for promotion of wellness as opposed to treatment of illness. The study also highlights the need for industries to regard the promotion of mental health as good business practice in order to construct a relevant and sustainable wellness programme. Such programmes must be firmly anchored in collaborative efforts from stakeholders and other health professionals. The secondary aim of the study is the promotion of trans-disciplinary research as in this case between exercise science and psychology. It is hoped that mental health promotion and prevention would become the task of all individuals rather than only health professionals.

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Master of Science / Food Science Institute - Food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health / Edgar Chambers IV / Sensory perception and hedonic response to foods and beverages depend not only on the characteristics of the food or beverage product, but also on the physiological and psychological state of the person consuming it. Physical exercise provokes physiological changes in human subjects including dehydration through sweat loss and depletion of energy stores, and emotional changes including increased fatigue and vigor; as such it is expected to affect the sensory and hedonic response to foods consumed immediately post-workout. Exercise and proper diet are both well-recognized components of a healthy lifestyle; it is therefore critical to understand how an acute bout of exercise or a chronic training regimen might affect the eating behavior of the exerciser. This review examines published studies -- both interventional and observational -- on the effect of acute and chronic physical exercise on thirst, hunger, perception and liking of the five basic tastes, and macronutrient choice. This review also touches on macronutrient choice and psychological factors of food choice such as compensatory eating and food restraint. Results suggest that acute exercise of a certain threshold intensity effects consistent perceptual and hedonic changes across the population: immediate hunger suppression, osmoregulatory thirst, increased palatability of salt, increased perception and palatability of sweetness, and decreased perception and palatability of sourness. Effects on bitter and umami appear more limited. However, individual metabolic and psychological variation modulate these effects, and the effects of chronic exercise are complicated by concurrent lifestyle changes and not properly understood through observational studies alone.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-01-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:27:33Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pintojunior_dac_me_prud_prot.pdf: 1186583 bytes, checksum: e83d66af1d0fd4767ad1c9b69a60014b (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A obesidade é uma condição que afeta muitos indivíduos e está relacionada a vários tipos de disfunções,como a resistência insulínica.Esta patologiase dá devido a uma falha na sinalização entre o hormônio, proteínas intracelularese o GLUT4 em células musculares e adiposas. Alguns fatores contribuem para aumentar esta falha, como o aumento da fosforilação em serinado IRS –1 e atividade pró -inflamatória. Uma maneira indireta de se avaliar o grau de inflamação é analisar a expressão do SOCS3,que estámais expressoquando há maior atividade inflamatória. Aprática de exercício físico aparece como uma importante ferramenta, pois melhora a sensibilidade insulínica e pode aumentara expressão do transportador de glicose até mesmo em animais obesos. Oobjetivo do trabalho foiavaliar o efeito dos exercícios aeróbio contínuo e com pesoscombinadossobre a via de sinalização da insulina e expressão de transportador... / Obesity is a condition that affects manypeople and is related with some kindof diseases, like insulin resistance.This pathology occurs because of animpairmenton activation of GLUT4 machinery (insulin signaling, activation of intracellular proteins) in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Some factors contributedirectly with this illness, like increase IRS –1 serinephosphorylationand pro –inflammatoryactivity. An indirect way to measure inflammation istoanalyze expression of SOCS3, because when it is overexpressed means thatthere are more pro –inflammatory activity.Literature shows that physical exercise can improve insulin sensitivity by increases of GLUT4 expression even in obese rats. So we aimed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

This study is important because of the high prevalence of mental and physical disorders experienced by American adults. These bring undue strain to those suffering them and to the health care system because research indicates that many of these disorders may be mitigated via supportive conversation, or through the practice of physical exercise. The purpose of this quantitative treatment-control study was to examine the relationship between the practice of walking/talking and resulting mood and satisfaction levels. Self-determination theory and biopsychosocial perspectives were used to provide a framework for the study. The research questions asked whether there was a mood response difference, or a difference in the level of satisfaction, between walking/talking and sitting/talking. Research questions also asked whether correlations existed between mood and satisfaction levels and levels of psychological needs being met during exercise. Participants volunteered from rural New York communities, and they were assigned equal intervals of the 2 different activities for a total of 10 weeks. Data were collected via three scales; scores were compared via use of independent-samples t-test, simple linear regression, Pearson correlation, and analysis of variance to investigate the relationships between the independent and dependent variables. Outcomes showed no significant mood response differences or satisfaction differences between the two different activities. No significant correlations were found between mood scores or session rating scores and levels of psychological needs met in exercise. Knowledge gained through this study may support individuals and practitioners incorporating lifestyle change approaches, and findings may inform further research design development on the topic.

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