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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

A study of flow fields during filling of a sampler

Zhang, Zhi January 2009 (has links)
More and more attention has been paid to decreasing the number and size of non-metallic inclusions existing in the final products recently in steel industries. Therefore, more efforts have been made to monitor the inclusions' size distributions during the metallurgy process, especially at the secondary steelmaking period. A liquid sampling procedure is one of the commonly applied methods that monitoring the inclusion size distribution in ladles, for example, during the secondary steelmaking. Here, a crucial point is that the steel sampler should be filled and solidified without changing the inclusion characteristics that exist at steel making temperatures. In order to preserve the original size and distributions in the extracted samples, it is important to avoid their collisions and coagulations inside samplers during filling. Therefore, one of the first steps to investigate is the flow pattern inside samplers during filling in order to obtain a more in-depth knowledge of the sampling process to make sure that the influence is minimized. The main objective of this work is to fundamentally study the above mentioned sampler filling process. A production sampler employed in the industries has been scaled-up according to the similarity of Froude Number in the experimental study. A Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was used to capture the flow field and calculate the velocity vectors during the entire experiment. Also, a mathematical model has been developed to have an in-depth investigate of the flow pattern in side the sampler during its filling. Two different turbulence models were applied in the numerical study, the realizable k-ε model and Wilcox k-ω model. The predictions were compared to experimental results obtained by the PIV measurements. Furthermore, it was illustrated that there is a fairly good agreement between the measurements obtained by PIV and calculations predicted by the Wilcox k-ω model. Thus, it is concluded that the Wilcox k-ω model can be used in the future to predict the filling of steel samplers.
42

Improving the understanding of photoelectron currents on Solar Orbiter : Utilizing theory and empirical measurements

Marminge, Melker January 2023 (has links)
Spacecraft experience electric currents on conductive materials exposed to sunlight, which introduces noise in scientific data. These currents are mainly due to the photoelectric effect and should therefore be proportional to the inverse square heliocentric distance. However, measurements on the Solar Orbiter spacecraft suggests that these currents deviate from this proportionality, especially at perihelia. This paper aims to improve the understanding of how and why these induced currents vary by creating a model to describe the phenomenon. The investigation was based on thermal bending, thermionic emission, the photoelectric effect, outgassing, and a temperature dependence of the work function. Through numerical approximation, the thermal bending of the approximately 6m modeled antennas was estimated to be almost three meters at perihelion and the estimated outgassing fit the secular change in the data well. The direct impact of thermionic emissions was determined to be negligible. The final model was created utilizing a secular fit of the outgassing, the variation in the cross-section due to thermal bending, a yield proxy was created to model the impact of the work function temperature dependence, and the MgII index as a proxy for the solar EUV intensity. The final model was approximately accurate within 10%. Several future improvements are discussed, such as the inclusion of secondary emission or the empirical determination of the model deviation.
43

Frequency Responsive Beam Tracing

Quintana, James R.A. 06 December 2016 (has links)
No description available.
44

Caractérisations et modélisations physiques de contacts entre phases métalliques et Nitrure de Gallium semi-conducteur / Characterization and physical modelling of contacts between metallic phases and Gallium Nitride

Thierry-Jebali, Nicolas 14 December 2011 (has links)
Les composés III-N, et le Nitrure de Gallium (GaN) en particulier, sont devenus des matériaux semi conducteurs importants pour l’ensemble de l’humanité. Depuis la fin des années 1990, ils ont permis le développement de composants électroluminescents fiables, diodes LED et diodes laser, qui constituent une solution de remplacement à rendement énergétique amélioré par rapport aux composants à incandescence. Il est possible qu’ils jouent aussi un rôle dans les nouvelles générations de composants pour l’électronique de puissance. Lors du développement des composants, des recherches expérimentales permettent de trouver assez rapidement des solutions pour réaliser les briques technologiques indispensables, mais le temps manque pour comprendre les mécanismes physiques mis en jeu. Nos travaux ont eu pour objectif d’approfondir la compréhension de l’influence de la structure physico-chimique sur les propriétés électriques des contacts ohmiques et Schottky sur GaN de type N. / Group III nitride semiconductor materials (III-N), and especially gallium nitride (GaN), are now key materials for the whole human kind. Since years 1990, reliable and energy-efficient light emitting devices have been developed based on III-N compounds providing higher efficiency replacement solutions to incandescent bulbs. The same III-N materials may also provide higher performance device solutions for power electronics, allowing multi-functional on-chip integration. During the industrial development of devices, experimental work is focused on finding rapidly good enough solutions for each technology brick, and on the eventual integration of the bricks into a complete device processing flow. Very often, little time and effort can be devoted to the understanding of the underlying physical and chemical processes. The aim of this work has been to study the influence of the physical and chemical material structures on the electrical properties of metal - GaN Ohmic and Schottky contacts.
45

Design, optimization and validation of start-up sequences of energy production systems. / Conception, optimisation et validation des séquences de démarrage des systèmes de production d'énergie

Tica, Adrian 01 June 2012 (has links)
Cette thèse porte sur l’application des approches de commande prédictive pour l’optimisation des démarrages des centrales à cycles combinés. Il s’agit d’une problématique à fort enjeu qui pose des défis importants. L’élaboration des approches est progressive. Dans une première partie un modèle de centrale est construit et adapté à l’optimisation, en utilisant une méthodologie qui transforme des modèles physiques Modelica conçus pour la simulation en des modèles pour l’optimisation. Cette méthodologie a permis de construire une bibliothèque adaptée à l’optimisation. La suite des travaux porte sur l’utilisation du modèle afin d’optimiser phase par phase les performances du démarrage. La solution proposée optimise, en temps continu, le profil de charge des turbines en recherchant dans des ensembles de fonctions particulières. Le profil optimal est déterminé en considérant que celui-ci peut être décrit par une fonction paramétrée dont les paramètres sont calculés en résolvant un problème de commande optimale sous contraintes. La dernière partie des travaux consiste à intégrer cette démarche d’optimisation à temps continu dans une stratégie de commande à horizon glissant. Cette approche permet d’une part de corriger les dérives liées aux erreurs de modèles et aux perturbations, et d’autre part, d’améliorer le compromis entre le temps de calcul et l’optimalité de la solution. Cette approche de commande conduit cependant à des temps de calcul importants. Afin de réduire le temps de calcul, une structure de commande prédictive hiérarchisée avec deux niveaux, en travaillant à des échelles de temps et sur des horizons différents, a été proposée. / This thesis focuses on the application of model predictive control approaches to optimize the combined cycle power plants start-ups. Generally, the optimization of start-up is a very problematic issue that poses significant challenges. The development of the proposed approaches is progressive. In the first part a physical model of plant is developed and adapted to optimization purposes, by using a methodology which transforms Modelica model components into optimization-oriented models. By applying this methodology, a library suitable for optimization purposes has been built.In the second part, based on the developed model, an optimization procedure to improve the performances of the start-up phases is suggested. The proposed solution optimizes, in continuous time, the load profile of the turbines, by seeking in specific sets of functions. The optimal profile is derived by considering that this profile can be described by a parameterized function whose parameters are computed by solving a constrained optimal control problem. In the last part, the open-loop optimization procedure has been integrated into a receding horizon control strategy. This strategy represents a robust solution against perturbation and models errors, and enables to improve the trade-off between computation time and optimality of the solution. Nevertheless, the control approach leads to a significant computation time. In order to obtain real-time implementable results, a hierarchical model predictive control structure with two layers, working at different time scales and over different prediction horizons, has been proposed.
46

Reinigung von Abwasserkanälen mittels Niederdruckspülverfahren / Sewer Cleaning by the Use of the Low-pressure Flush Technology

Dapoz, Paolo 15 January 2016 (has links) (PDF)
In dieser Arbeit wird anfangs dargestellt, wie kostenintensiv und problematisch die Kanalreinigung ausfällt. Durch die demographisch bedingt rückläufigen Schmutzwassermengen und gleichzeitig prognostizierten langen Trockenperioden in den Sommermonaten muss allerdings mit einer verstärkten Akkumulation von Ablagerungen in den Kanalsystemen gerechnet werden. Zudem erweist es sich in Voraussicht auf den Klimawandel als notwendig, den gesamten Kanalquerschnitt für Starkregenereignisse von Ablagerungen freizuhalten; ansonsten ist die häufigere Entlastung des Abwassernetzes in den Vorfluter nach Füllung der vorhandenen Regenrückhaltebecken vorprogrammiert. Die Kanalreinigung wird somit in den nächsten Jahren an Bedeutung gewinnen. Vor allem bei der Reinigung von Großprofilen ist jedoch der Stand der Technik noch nicht ausgereift und die jetzigen Reinigungsmethoden erweisen sich wegen des niedrigen Reinigungserfolges sowie der starken Umweltbelastung durch die genutzten Geräte als ungeeignet. Durch die in dieser Arbeit vorgestellte und auf den Stand der Technik gebrachte Reinigungsmethode wird jedoch eine leistungsstarke Alternative geboten. In Zukunft wird es möglich sein, große Kanaldurchmesser fast vollkommen umweltneutral zu reinigen und nur mit Hilfe der Wasserkraft das gesammelte Sediment bis zum nachgeschalteten Sandfang zu mobilisieren. Mit den durchgeführten und hier dargestellten numerischen Versuchen wird in erster Linie eine geometrische Optimierung zur Erreichung der größten Mobilisierungskräfte im Hinblick auf einen ausgewählten Abschnitt der Dresdner Kanalisation vollzogen. In der nachfolgenden physikalischen Modellierung wird der Schwerpunkt auf die optimale Reinigungsgeschwindigkeit gelegt, um ein möglichst großes Volumen an Ablagerungen zu bewegen. Es muss allerdings präzisiert werden, dass während der Modellierung kein Grenzzustand erreicht werden konnte. Dieser wird schließlich durch die folgende analytische Beschreibung des Transportvorganges theoretisch bestimmt. Für das genutzte physikalische Modell wird analytisch ein Grenztransportkörper aus Modellsediment errechnet. Bei einer Übertragung auf den dazugehörigen vorhandenen Abschnitt im Dresdner Kanalnetz durch Ansetzen des Ähnlichkeitsgesetzes wird ein mobilisierbares Grenzvolumen überschlagen. Die hier dargestellten Ergebnisse der theoretischen Untersuchungen bzw. der physikalischen Modellierung wurden mit den Betreibern und den Herstellern des neuen Stauwagens diskutiert und hinsichtlich konstruktiver Schwerpunkte optimiert. Unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Kostenoptimierung und der konstruktiven Realisierung wurde von der Firma "WKS Technik GmbH" ein Forschungsmuster zur Untersuchung in einer Pilottestphase entwickelt und gebaut. In der nachfolgenden dargestellten Testphase wurde das Ergebnis als Pilotprojekt im Dresdner Kanalnetz in mehreren Testläufen erprobt und untersucht. Nach jedem Testlauf wurden die aufgetretenen Probleme analysiert und durch Umbauten oder Veränderungen behoben. Regelmäßige Reinigungsfahrten sollten wegen der geringeren Ablagerungsmengen ein gleichmäßiges Fahren gewährleisten bzw. die Ablagerungen vollständig mobilisieren und bis zum Sandfang transportieren, um sie dort zu entnehmen. Während der Testphase wurde eine viel höhere Sedimentmenge gesammelt und transportiert als die, welche sich aus der analytischen Berechnung ergab. Dies folgte aus dem beim Naturversuch zugelassenen höheren Aufstauniveau hinter dem Spülwagen, welches ausnahmsweise zugelassen wurde, um auf eine zwischenzeitliche Sedimentabsaugung zu verzichten. / The early pages of this research thesis demonstrate how costly and problematic sewer cleaning is. Due to changing demographics causing declining amounts of wastewater and, at the same time, to predicted long dry spells during the summer months, an increased accumulation of sediments in the sewer systems has to be expected. With respect to climate change it is necessary to keep the entire sewer cross section free of sediments in order to manage heavy rainfall events; otherwise a more frequent relief of the wastewater system into the receiving water is inevitable once the rain retention basins have been filled. Thus sewer cleaning will gain in importance within the next few years. Predominantly the cleaning of large-diameter profiles, however, has not reached a state-of-the-art technology, and the current cleaning methods prove themselves to be inapt due to their very limited success as well as to the environmental burden posed by the equipment they employ. The state-of-the-art cleaning method presented in this research paper constitutes a high-powered alternative. In the future, it will be possible to clean large sewer cross sections almost entirely in an environmentally neutral fashion and to mobilize the accumulated sediment all the way to the downstream sand trap by exclusively harnessing water power. The numerical experiments conducted for this paper primarily effected a geometric optimization to achieve the maximal mobilization forces in a selected section of Dresden's sewer system. In the subsequent physical modeling the emphasis is placed on the optimal cleaning speed in order to move a maximum volume of sediments. It has to be clarified, however, that no limit state could be reached during the modeling procedure. This limit state is determined theoretically only through the following analytical description of the transport process. For the physical model at hand, the maximum transportable sediment volume made of model sediment is calculated analytically. In an extrapolation for the associated existent section in the Dresden sewer system, a mobilizable limit volume is estimated applying the law of similarity. The results of the theoretical analysis and the physical modeling presented in this work were discussed with the operators and manufacturers of the new storage vehicle and were optimized with regard to constructional core aspects. In special consideration of the cost optimization and the constructional realization, the "WKS Technik GmbH" company developed and constructed a research prototype for a survey in a pilot test phase. During the subsequent test phase, the result was tried out and examined as a pilot project in several trial runs in Dresden's sewer system. After each trial run, the problems which had occurred were analyzed and then eliminated through constructional modifications or other alterations. Regular cleaning runs were intended to guarantee a steady movement of the cleaning vehicle due to a reduced amount of sediments, or to completely mobilize the sediments and transport them to the sand trap in order to remove them there. The sediment volume actually gathered and transported during the test phase was significantly larger than the one derived from the analytical calculation. This increase results from greater storage depths behind the flush car, which were permitted as an exception for the field test in order to go without any interim sediment extractions. / La prima parte della presente tesi di dottorato mette in evidenza le problematicità legate alla pulizia dei canali delle acque reflue, sottolineando in particolare gli enormi costi generati dall 'alta frequenza di depositi e dalla grandezza delle reti di raccolta presenti sui territori. A causa della riduzione demografica e delle condizioni meteorologiche che si stanno alterando, per il prossimo futuro si prevedono lunghi periodi di siccità, interrotti da acquazzoni intensi e brevi. Questo porterà ad un accumulo di depositi nelle reti di raccolta delle acque miste soprattutto nei mesi estivi, che implicherà a sua volta la necessità di tenere le sezioni dei canali presenti libere da depositi per consentire un appropriato deflusso e ritenzione in presenza delle suddette intense precipitazioni. Se in questi casi la ritenzione della rete fognaria non sarebbe data, infatti, si andrebbe a scaricare acque sporche sempre in maggiore quantità e con maggiore frequenza nei corsi d 'acqua di superficie, inquinando in secondo luogo anche le falde acquifere. Da questo quadro, si evince come la pulizia delle canalizzazioni acquisterà in futuro sempre una maggiore importanza. Attualmente, per la pulizia di canali di grandi dimensioni (maggiori di 1000 mm) non esistono metodi efficaci ed ecologici per movimentare i depositi presenti. Il presente lavoro espone una soluzione competitiva ai suddetti problemi. Grazie al lavoro di ricerca e sviluppo svolto, infatti, è stato elaborato un metodo con cui sarà possibile in futuro pulire canali di grosse dimensioni pressoché senza l\'impiego di energia esterna, ma solamente grazie all 'utilizzo dell 'energia dell 'acqua reflua presente nei canali, mobilizzando i depositi fino al prossimo punto presente dove sarà possibile estrarre dalla rete fognaria il materiale raccolto. L 'analisi numerica eseguita e qui rappresentata porta innanzitutto ad un 'ottimizzazione geometrica ed idraulica che consente il raggiungimento delle maggiori forze di mobilizzazione possibili per un segmento scelto della rete fognaria della città di Dresda (Sassonia). Nelle prove in laboratorio correlate si è cercato di ottimizzare la velocità con la quale deve avvenire la pulizia del fondo del canale in modo da poter trasportare il più elevato volume di sedimenti possibile. Si precisa a questo riguardo che in laboratorio non è stato possibile raggiungere il limite volumetrico correlato al modello fisico utilizzato, perché i soli 24 m di lunghezza del banco di prova non hanno consentito il raggiungimento di tale stato limite. Questo limite è stato determinato successivamente attraverso un modello analitico sviluppato appositamente, il quale descrive la mobilizzazione dei sedimenti attraverso la tecnologia di pulizia utilizzata. Attraverso i fattori di conversione che regolano le leggi fisiche presenti tra modello di laboratorio e natura è stato possibile in seguito rapportare il limite volumetrico al segmento reale utilizzato per le prove numeriche. Usando i risultati ottenuti sia dalle analisi numeriche che dalle prove di laboratorio è stato sviluppato e poi realizzato un prototipo assieme al partner commerciale "WKS Technik GmbH", prestando particolare attenzione all 'ottimizzazione costruttiva e dei costi di produzione. Questo prototipo è stato testato per diverse volte in un tratto di circa quattro chilometri della canalizzazione di Dresda. Dopo ogni corsa sono stati analizzati i punti deboli del metodo di pulizia nonché del prototipo stesso e si è provveduto ad eliminarli. Gli ultimi test hanno confermato il funzionamento di tale prototipo offrendo inoltre una buona validazione del modello analitico sviluppato in precedenza.
47

Modélisation numérique et physique de la chaîne de récupération de l'énergie de la houle par un dispositif bord à quai / Numerical and Physical Modeling of a Quayside Wave Energy Recovery System

Neuvéglise, Sixtine 15 October 2018 (has links)
Ce mémoire présente l’étude du comportement d’un flotteur bord à quai. Ce flotteur est constituéd’une bouée de section rectangulaire située à proximité d’une digue verticale. Un modèle analytique linéaire basé sur la théorie de l’écoulement potentiel est réalisé en profondeur d’eau intermédiaire. Un modèle numérique résolvant les équations de Navier-Stockes est développé. Des essais expérimentaux sont également mis au point pour des flotteurs de différentes dimensions et servent de références aux deux autres modèles. La comparaison de ces trois modèles permet de déduire le domaine de validité du modèle analytique, ainsi que la présence d’effets non-linéaires agissant sur le comportement du flotteur.Dans un premier temps, l’impact des dimensions du système sur le comportement du flotteur est quantifié. Les effets non-linéaires sont quantifiés en fonction des grandeurs du système puis une correction du modèle analytique est proposée. Par la suite, la correction du modèle est appliquée au comportement du système incluant un récupérateur d’énergie.Dans un second temps, l’effet du flotteur sur les franchissements de digue est étudié. Les franchissements de digue sont exprimés grâce à la hauteur de houle entre la digue et le flotteur (exprimée par le modèle analytique) et à la formule de Van Der Meer (2002). Ces franchissements sont également estimés de manière expérimentale. Il est montré que lorsque la longueur d’onde de la houle est importante et que le dégagement entre la digue et le flotteur est faible, les franchissements de digue sont réduits par la présence du flotteur. / The study of a quayside wave energy converter is proposed. A simplified model composed ofa rectangular buoy oscillating in heave motion and installed close to a vertical dike is developedusing three different models. An analytical model based on potential flow theory is developed inintermediate water depth. A numerical model resolving the Navier-Stokes equation is developed.Experimental tests are performed for different floater dimensions and are used as references for the two other models. The comparison between the three models presents the validity domain of the analytical model. The existence of non-linear effects acting on the floater behaviour is shown.At first, the impact of the system dimensions on the floater behaviour are highlighted and quantified. According to these results a correction of the analytical model is proposed. Moreover, the corrected analytical model is applied to the wave energy converter behaviour. Secondly, the overtoppings are expressed using the wave height between the dike and the floater (provided by analytical model) and the Van Der Meer formula (2002). These overtoppings are also estimated using experimental tests. The comparison of these two models shows the presence of strong load losses when the floater is close to the dike. In those cases the analytical model needs a correction taking into account these load losses. It is also shown that when at the same time the wave length is high and the toe clearance between the dike and the floater is small, the dike overtopping are reduced by the presence of the floater.
48

Método para proteção dos dados contra falhas de comunicação em redes de sensores sem fios. / Method for data protection against communication failures in smart sensors networks.

Ramires Sobrinho, Rubens 30 November 2007 (has links)
Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um método para garantir a proteção dos dados contra falhas de comunicação, em redes de sensores inteligentes sem fios. A rede sem fios foi empregada nos ensaios de modelos físicos reduzidos em centrífuga para estudar o comportamento das âncoras \"tartaruga\", utilizadas nas linhas de ancoragem de sistemas oceânicos para produção de óleo e gás em águas profundas. O emprego da tecnologia de redes de sensores sem fios tem aumentado em muitas áreas da sociedade, principalmente na engenharia. Dessa forma, muitos problemas estão sendo enfrentados e estudados pelos pesquisadores. Sobretudo no que diz respeito à interferência ambiental, relação de potência e alcance, integridade da informação, miniaturização dos dispositivos, autonomia de energia, limitação de algoritmos e vida útil. A inserção da tecnologia de redes de sensores inteligentes sem fios nos ensaios de modelos físicos reduzidos em centrífuga, além de ser inédita no Brasil, permitirá avanços significativos na determinação de parâmetros que, atualmente, são de difícil obtenção com tecnologias convencionais como os sistemas de aquisição de dados e controle que utilizam cabos e fios. Muitas vezes depara-se com a inconveniência do peso dos cabos e dificuldades de instalação dos dispositivos nos modelos, pela sua pouca portabilidade. / This work present a method development to guarantee of the integrity data in the wireless smart sensor networks, employed in centrifuge physical modeling tests of anchors used as fixing devices of deep water production oil and gas systems. The use of wireless smart sensor networks technology has been increasing in many engineering areas. In spite of this evidence, lots of problems are being faced and studied by the researchers, environmental interference, power and reach relations, integrity of the information, miniaturization of the devices, energy autonomy, algorithms and useful life. The use of the wireless smart sensor networks technology in the reduced physical models test in centrifuge, by first time in Brazil, will allow significant advances in the parameters determination. The conventional instrumentation presents inconvenience of the weight cables and difficulties of the devices in the models by limited portability.
49

Contribution au développement du transistor bipolaire à fort gain et d'un interrupteur bidirectionnel à quatre quadrants / The contribution to the development of the super-gain BJT and of a four-quadrants bidirectional switch

Ren, Zheng 01 June 2018 (has links)
Afin de répondre aux besoins en management efficace de l’énergie électrique dans les bâtiments intelligents, le laboratoire GREMAN a proposé une nouvelle topologie d’interrupteur bidirectionnel de 600 V nommé TBBS. Les études antérieures ont validé la bidirectionnalité en courant et en tension de cette nouvelle topologie. Les travaux de recherche menées dans cette thèse avaient pour l’objectif d’approfondir, de compléter nos connaissances sur ce nouvel interrupteur bidirectionnel ainsi que sur le transistor bipolaire à fort gain. Le premier chapitre introduit le fonctionnement principal du TBBS et sa modélisation physique sous un environnement de simulation à éléments finis. Le deuxième chapitre présente le travail concernant la caractérisation expérimentale du TBBS et du transistor bipolaire à fort gain sous température contrôlée. Enfin la modélisation électrique du TBBS et du transistor bipolaire à fort gain est présentée dans le troisième et dernier chapitre. / In order to meet the requirement of more efficient electrical energy management for intelligent buildings, a new 600V bidirectional switch, named as TBBS, has been proposed by the GREMAN laboratory. Previous studies have validated the current and voltage bidirectionality of this newly proposed topology. The research work carried out in this thesis deals with a deeper and more comprehensive study of this bidirectional switch and its elementary component - the High-gain bipolar juncion transistor. The first chapter introduces the operation of the TBBS and its physical modeling in a finite element simulation environment. The second chapter presentes the research work related to the experimental caracterisation of the TBBS and the High-gain bipolar junction transistor. At last the third chapter deals with the electrical modeling of these two bipolar components.
50

Modelagem estrutural f?sica de semigr?ben ortogonais e obl?quos ? disten??o regional: influ?ncia da trama do embasamento e compara??o com anal?gicos no nordeste brasileiro

Blanco, Andr? Jo?o Palma Conde 17 June 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:08:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AndreJPCB_DISSERT.pdf: 4384821 bytes, checksum: f23022c7fe9a0e10cf6b38d62f412fc4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-17 / The physical structural modeling tool is being increasingly used in geology to provide information about the evolutionary stages (nucleation, growth) and geometry of geological structures at various scales. During the simulations of extensional tectonics, modeling provides a better understanding of fault geometry and evolution of the tectonic-stratigraphic architecture of rift basins. In this study a sandbox type apparatus was used to study the nucleation and development of basins influenced by previous structures within the basement, variably oriented as regards to the main extensional axis. Two types of experiments were conducted in order to: (i) simulate the individual (independent) development of half-grabens oriented orthogonal or oblique to the extension direction; (ii) simulate the simultaneous development of such half-grabens, orthogonal or oblique to the extension direction. In both cases the same materials (sand mixed with gypsum) were used and the same boundary conditions were maintained. The results were compared with a natural analogue represented by the Rio do Peixe Basin (one of the eocretaceous interior basins of Northeast Brazil). The obtained models allowed to observe the development of segmented border faults with listric geometry, often forming relay ramps, and the development of inner basins faults that affect only the basal strata, like the ones observed in the seismic sections of the natural analogue. The results confirm the importance of basement tectonic heritage in the geometry of rift depocenters / A modelagem estrutural f?sica ? uma ferramenta cada vez mais usada na geologia para fornecer informa??o sobre os diversos est?gios evolutivos (nuclea??o, desenvolvimento) e geometria de estruturas geol?gicas em v?rias escalas. No caso particular da simula??o da tect?nica distensional, a modelagem proporciona uma melhor compreens?o da geometria e evolu??o de falhas e da arquitetura tectonoestratigr?fica de bacias rifte. Neste trabalho foi utilizado um aparato tipo caixa de areia para estudar a nuclea??o e desenvolvimento de bacias influenciadas por estruturas pr?vias no embasamento, com trend vari?vel em rela??o ? dire??o de distens?o. Para tal, foram realizados dois tipos de experimentos para: (i) simular o desenvolvimento individual (independente) de semigr?ben com abertura ortogonal ou obl?qua ? dire??o de distens?o; (ii) simular o desenvolvimento simult?neo desses semigr?ben ortogonais ou obl?quos ? dire??o de distens?o. Em ambos os casos foi utilizado o mesmo material (mistura de areia e gesso) e mantidas as condi??es de contorno. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados com um an?logo natural representado pela Bacia do Rio do Peixe (uma das bacias interiores eocret?ceas do Nordeste do Brasil). Os modelos permitiram observar o desenvolvimento segmentado das falhas de borda, com geometria l?strica, frequentemente formando rampas de revezamento, al?m do desenvolvimento de falhas internas ?s bacias localizadas nas suas por??es mais basais, similares ?quelas observadas nas se??es s?smicas do an?logo natural. Os resultados confirmam a influ?ncia da heran?a tect?nica do embasamento na geometria dos depocentros rifte

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