Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / O excesso de peso tem sido cada vez mais reconhecido como um importante problema de saúde entre os adolescentes. Para identificar seus fatores de risco, recentemente, alguns pesquisadores têm incorporando fatores psicossociais em modelos explicativos, incluindo a violência familiar na infância. No entanto, a questão ainda é pouco explorada na literatura, sendo este o primeiro estudo nacional sobre o assunto. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se a violência na infância é um fator de risco para o excesso de peso na adolescência. Para isso, foi realizado, em 2010, um estudo transversal (linha de base do Estudo Longitudinal de Avaliação Nutricional de Adolescentes / ELANA) com 1014 adolescentes entre 13 a 19 anos de idade pertencentes ao 1 ano do ensino médio de duas escolas públicas e quatro escolas particulares, localizadas na cidade e na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC) e a violência familiar na infância por meio do Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Modelos hierarquizados de regressão linear múltipla foram utilizados nas análises. Dos 1014 adolescentes, 53,4% eram do sexo feminino e 50,2% estudavam em escola pública. A prevalência de excesso de peso foi de 26,7%. De acordo com o modelo multivariado, houve uma menor tendência ao excesso de peso na adolescência entre os meninos que sofreram violência do tipo negligência física na infância (&#946;=0,196, 95% CI: 0,346; 0,045, p < 0,011), e de acordo com o aumento da idade para todas as dimensões da violência aferida pelo CTQ (estimativas variaram de 0,136 a 0,126, p < 0.002). O risco de excesso de peso foi maior entre os adolescentes cujos pais apresentavam excesso de peso. Estimativas das variáveis de IMC para mães e pais variaram de 0,065 a 0,066 (p < 0,001) e 0,051 a 0,053 (p < 0,001), respectivamente. Conclui-se que a exposição à violência na infância parece não estar associada com o excesso de peso na adolescência. Foi notada uma tendência de redução do índice de massa corporal em adolescentes do sexo masculino que foram vítimas de negligência física na infância. / Excess weight has been increasingly recognized as a major health problem among adolescents. To identify its risk factors, recently some researchers are incorporating psychosocial factors in explanatory models, including family violence in childhood. However, the issue is still little explored in the literature, this being the first national study on the subject. The aim of this study was to assess whether violence in childhood is a risk factor for overweight in adolescence. Therefore, it was held a cross-sectional study (baseline of the Estudo Longitudinal de Avaliação Nutricional de Adolescentes / ELANA) conducted in 2010 on 1014 adolescents, aged 13 to 19 years, attending 1st year high school level in two public and four private schools locate in the city and metropolitan areas of Rio de Janeiro. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index (BMI) and family violence in childhood through the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Hierarchical multiple linear regression models were used in the analyses. Of the 1014 adolescents, 53.4% were female and 50.2% were studying in public school. The prevalence of overweight was 26.7%. According to the multivariate model, there was a lower tendency to overweight in adolescence among boys who experienced violence such as physical neglect in childhood (&#946;=0.196, 95% CI: 0.346; 0.045, p &#61627; 0.011), and according to increasing age for all violence dimensions tapped by the CTQ (&#946; estimates ranging from 0.136 to 0.126, p &#61627; 0.002). The risk of overweight was higher among adolescents whose parents were overweight. Estimates of BMI variables for mothers and fathers ranged from 0.065 to 0.066 (p < 0.001) and 0.051 to 0.053 (p < 0.001), respectively. We conclude that exposure to violence in childhood appears to be no associated with overweight in adolescence. A trend towards reduction of body mass index in male adolescents who were victims of physical neglect in childhood was noted.

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / O excesso de peso tem sido cada vez mais reconhecido como um importante problema de saúde entre os adolescentes. Para identificar seus fatores de risco, recentemente, alguns pesquisadores têm incorporando fatores psicossociais em modelos explicativos, incluindo a violência familiar na infância. No entanto, a questão ainda é pouco explorada na literatura, sendo este o primeiro estudo nacional sobre o assunto. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se a violência na infância é um fator de risco para o excesso de peso na adolescência. Para isso, foi realizado, em 2010, um estudo transversal (linha de base do Estudo Longitudinal de Avaliação Nutricional de Adolescentes / ELANA) com 1014 adolescentes entre 13 a 19 anos de idade pertencentes ao 1 ano do ensino médio de duas escolas públicas e quatro escolas particulares, localizadas na cidade e na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC) e a violência familiar na infância por meio do Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Modelos hierarquizados de regressão linear múltipla foram utilizados nas análises. Dos 1014 adolescentes, 53,4% eram do sexo feminino e 50,2% estudavam em escola pública. A prevalência de excesso de peso foi de 26,7%. De acordo com o modelo multivariado, houve uma menor tendência ao excesso de peso na adolescência entre os meninos que sofreram violência do tipo negligência física na infância (&#946;=0,196, 95% CI: 0,346; 0,045, p < 0,011), e de acordo com o aumento da idade para todas as dimensões da violência aferida pelo CTQ (estimativas variaram de 0,136 a 0,126, p < 0.002). O risco de excesso de peso foi maior entre os adolescentes cujos pais apresentavam excesso de peso. Estimativas das variáveis de IMC para mães e pais variaram de 0,065 a 0,066 (p < 0,001) e 0,051 a 0,053 (p < 0,001), respectivamente. Conclui-se que a exposição à violência na infância parece não estar associada com o excesso de peso na adolescência. Foi notada uma tendência de redução do índice de massa corporal em adolescentes do sexo masculino que foram vítimas de negligência física na infância. / Excess weight has been increasingly recognized as a major health problem among adolescents. To identify its risk factors, recently some researchers are incorporating psychosocial factors in explanatory models, including family violence in childhood. However, the issue is still little explored in the literature, this being the first national study on the subject. The aim of this study was to assess whether violence in childhood is a risk factor for overweight in adolescence. Therefore, it was held a cross-sectional study (baseline of the Estudo Longitudinal de Avaliação Nutricional de Adolescentes / ELANA) conducted in 2010 on 1014 adolescents, aged 13 to 19 years, attending 1st year high school level in two public and four private schools locate in the city and metropolitan areas of Rio de Janeiro. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index (BMI) and family violence in childhood through the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Hierarchical multiple linear regression models were used in the analyses. Of the 1014 adolescents, 53.4% were female and 50.2% were studying in public school. The prevalence of overweight was 26.7%. According to the multivariate model, there was a lower tendency to overweight in adolescence among boys who experienced violence such as physical neglect in childhood (&#946;=0.196, 95% CI: 0.346; 0.045, p &#61627; 0.011), and according to increasing age for all violence dimensions tapped by the CTQ (&#946; estimates ranging from 0.136 to 0.126, p &#61627; 0.002). The risk of overweight was higher among adolescents whose parents were overweight. Estimates of BMI variables for mothers and fathers ranged from 0.065 to 0.066 (p < 0.001) and 0.051 to 0.053 (p < 0.001), respectively. We conclude that exposure to violence in childhood appears to be no associated with overweight in adolescence. A trend towards reduction of body mass index in male adolescents who were victims of physical neglect in childhood was noted.

No description available.

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) symptoms and childhood experiences, and to explore the role of Early Maladaptive Schemas and core beliefs as variables possibly mediating this relationship. Previous research with clinical samples has established a strong link between childhood maltreatment and adult BPD (& other PD) symptoms in clinical samples. However, difficulties with these studies limit the specificity of results. For example, BPD has been shown to be highly comorbid with other axis I and axis II psychiatric conditions. Given that studies examining the relationship between BPD and childhood maltreatment generally fail to control for these comorbid conditions, the specificity of their results must be questioned. Furthermore, it has been well established that childhood familial environment is strongly related to childhood maltreatment. Again studies examining the relationship between BPD and childhood maltreatment have generally failed to concurrently assess childhood familial environments, hence opening the possibility that the relationship between BPD and childhood maltreatment may be due to family functioning rather than childhood maltreatment per se. Finally, studies linking childhood maltreatment with adult BPD have primarily utilized clinical samples. However, the primary use of clinical samples to examine the aetiology of disorders in this context ignores the vast literature showing adequate psychological functio ning for the majority of individuals exposed to childhood maltreatment. Hence, the primary aim of the current study was to examine the relationship between childhood maltreatment and adult BPD symptoms in a primarily non-clinical sample whilst statistically controlling for commonly comorbid axis I and axis II symptomatology and concurrently measuring childhood familial functioning. It was a secondary aim of the current study to examine the mediating effects of beliefs on the relationship between childhood factors (i.e., childhood maltreatment & childhood familial functioning) and adult BPD symptomatology. That is, cognitive-behavioural theorists argue that personality disorders may be triggered by adverse childhood experiences leading to maladaptive beliefs (or schemas) related to the self, others, and the world, and it is these beliefs which lead to the behavioural disturbances evident in personality disorders. One hundred and eighty-five primarily non-clinical participants completed questionnaires measuring a variety of axis I and axis II symptoms, early maladaptive schemas and core beliefs, as well as retrospective reports of family functioning and childhood maltreatment. Results showed a significant relationship between childhood factors and adult BPD symptomatology. For example, the largest correlation between BPD symptoms and a childhood factor was .27 (for childhood emotional abuse). Furthermore, early maladaptive schemas and core beliefs were found to mediate the relationship between childhood factors and adult BPD symptomatology thus supporting cognitive-behavioural theories of personality disorders. However, early maladaptive schemas and core beliefs were also found to mediate the relationship between childhood factors and other Axis I and Axis II symptoms. Hence, it was concluded that while there was some support for a cognitive mediation hypothesis for BPD symptoms, future research is needed in exploring the specificity of the cognitive mediation hypothesis for BPD.