Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:14:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SuzetATC.pdf: 990829 bytes, checksum: b21ef05d5a9f2ddf8b1e822a79e11e1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-09-21 / The purpose of the present study is to identify the dermatoglyphic and somatotypic characteristics and the physical qualities of athletes from the under-17 State volleyball team, in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The sample was composed of athletes, n = 14, aged 15.0 ? 0.88 years, weight (Kg) 58.3 ? 5.90 and height (cm) 169.4 ? 7.97, members of the referred team. For data collection Cummins & Midlo s (1942), o dermatoglyphic method and Heath & Carter s (1967) somatotypic method were used and to evaluate physical qualities, 2400m, 50m, Shuttle Run, abdominal , Sargent test and medicine-ball toss were performed. Fingerprints show that the group presents genetic predisposition for the following physical qualities: explosive force and velocity. As to somatotype, the group was endo-ectomorphic. At physical evaluation the group presented low Vo2 max values and reasonable levels of explosive force, local muscular endurance, agility and velocity. We conclude that: according to the dermatoglyphic model observed, the group needs training strategies to improve coordination and agility; somatotype reveals the necessity for reducing fat levels and increasing muscular mass; the evaluation of physical qualities demonstrates the need for better physical preparation. This study traces the profile of the under-17 volleyball player from Rio Grande do Norte, with respect to genetic and somatotypic aspects and physical qualities, which will serve as a parameter for future state teams / O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar as caracter?sticas dermatogl?ficas, somatot?picas e das qualidades f?sicas das atletas de voleibol da sele??o infanto-juvenil do estado do Rio Grande do Norte. A amostra foi composta de atletas, n=14 com idade 15,0?0,88, peso (Kg) 58,3?5,90 e estatura (cm) 169,4?7,97, convocadas para a referida sele??o. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se o m?todo dermatogl?fico de Cummins & Midlo (1942), o m?todo somatot?pico de Heath & Carter (1967) e para avaliar as qualidades f?sicas os testes de 2400m, 50m, Shuttle Run, abdominal, Sargent test e arremesso de medicine-ball. As impress?es digitais demonstram que o grupo apresenta uma predisposi??o gen?tica para as qualidades f?sicas: for?a explosiva e velocidade. Quanto a somatotipia o grupo caracterizou-se como endo-ectom?rfico. Na avalia??o f?sica o grupo apresentou baixos valores para Vo2m?x e valores razo?veis para for?a explosiva, RML, agilidade e velocidade. Conclu?mos que: de acordo com o modelo dermatogl?fico encontrado, o grupo necessita de estrat?gias de treinamento para melhorar as atividades coordenativas e agilidade; o somatotipo revela necessidade de diminuir o percentual de gordura e aumentar a massa muscular; a avalia??o das qualidades f?sicas demonstra necessidade de uma melhor prepara??o f?sica. A partir desse estudo ficou caracterizado o perfil da atleta infanto-juvenil de voleibol do Rio Grande do Norte, nos aspectos gen?ticos, somatot?picos e de qualidades f?sicas que servir? de par?metro para futuras sele??es

Les ressources techniques, tactiques, physiques et mentales sont autant d’éléments à prendre en compte pour accéder à la performance en compétition. Pour autant, la spécificité du rugby à 7 attribue à la dimension physique une place particulière. La planification de l’entraînement, et en particulier la façon de gérer la charge à l’approche d’une compétition, devient ainsi une préoccupation permanente. Le but de cette thèse était d’étudier la réponse de joueurs internationaux de rugby à 7 à une gestion stratégique de la charge d’entraînement à l’approche d’une compétition. Notre première étude a consisté à décrire la distribution de la charge de travail sur une saison et caractériser différents modèles de périodisation. Ce travail a permis d’identifier l’affûtage comme une stratégie largement utilisée avant chaque tournée pour optimiser la performance physique des joueurs. Notre deuxième étude a consisté à montrer les effets d’une période d’affûtage sur les qualités physiques. L’observation des cinétiques de surcompensation des qualités de force, de vitesse et de répétition de sprints a démontré qu’une fenêtre comprise entre 9 et 16 jours constituait une durée optimale pour maximiser les gains. Enfin, notre dernière étude a porté sur une stratégie de pré-conditionnement mise en œuvre le jour de la compétition. Il s’agissait d’expérimenter les effets d’une séance d’entraînement, réalisée 2 heures avant le premier match du tournoi, sur les réponses physiques et psycho-physiologiques des joueurs. La capacité à répéter des sprints et l’activité physique en match n’ont pas été améliorées mais l’état psychophysiologique a été positivement influencé par cette séance. A travers cette thèse, nous avons donc essayé de dessiner une image générale d’une saison internationale de rugby à 7 et de questionner la pertinence de stratégies de périodisation mises en œuvre par les entraîneurs de l’équipe de France à l’approche des compétitions. Les conclusions scientifiques issues de ces études doivent être appréhendées comme des orientations qui guident les entraîneurs dans la construction de leurs scénarios d’entraînement. / The technical, tactical, physical and mental resources of a team are key factors to access to the performance in competition, and the Rugby-7’s specificity attributes a particular place to the physical dimension. Training periodization and in particular the way to manage training load prior to competition, is a permanent concern. The aim of this thesis was to study the response of international Rugby-7s players to strategic training load management in the pre-competition phases. Our first study examined the workload distribution over a season and identified different periodization models. This work helped identify the tapering phase as a strategy widely used before each competition to optimize players’ physical performance. The second study investigated the effects of a tapering period on physical qualities. The supercompensation kinetics of strength, speed and repetition of sprints qualities showed that a window between 9 and 16 days was an optimal duration to maximize physical performance. The final study focused on a preconditioning strategy implemented on the day of the competition. The aim was to examine the effects of a morning training session, completed 2 hours before the first match of the tournament, on the physical and psycho-physiological responses of the players. The repeated sprinting ability and physical activity in match was not improved, but the psychophysiological state was positively influenced by this session. Through this thesis, a general picture of a Rugby-7s international season was drawn and the relevance of periodization strategies implemented by the French team coaches in the approach of competitions was questioned. The scientific findings from these studies could be used as guidelines for coaches in building their training programs.

Диссертационное исследование посвящено выявлению эффективности физкультурно-спортивной ориентации детей младшего школьного возраста. В ходе исследования физкультурно-спортивной ориентации выявлена необходимость оценки не только физических качеств, но и функционального состояния юных спортсменов. / The dissertation research is devoted to identifying the effectiveness of the program to ensure an increase in the effectiveness of physical culture and sports orientation in children of primary school age. In the course of the study of physical culture and sports orientation, the need to assess not only physical qualities, but also the functional state of young athletes was revealed.