Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Hong Kong, 1976. / Typewritten.

Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Hong Kong, 1982.

Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Hong Kong, 1981.

College is a time of pressure and stress for students. The presence of a physical disability can be a factor which lends additional complications and adds to the stress and adjustment difficulties in the college years. In recognition of the stresses and pressures and in response to legislative mandates, colleges are beginning to offer programs of support services for physically disabled students. Although the literature supports such offerings as helpful in the adjustment process, little research has been done to determine effectiveness of support services. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of two types of support services, Adaptive Physical Education and Group Counseling on the adjustment of physically disabled students as measured by pre and post treatment mean scores on the Tennessee Self Concept Scale and the Rotter Internal-External Locus of Control Scale. Additionally, Goal Attainment Scaling was used with students who participated in a Counseling Group. Subjects were 21 physically disabled volunteers who were students at The University of Arizona, Tucson, during the fall semester 1980. Subjects were divided into three groups: students enrolled in Adaptive Physical Education classes (n = 7), students participating in a semester long counseling group (n = 6), and students who were neither enrolled in Adaptive Physical Education nor participating in a counseling group (n = 8). The experimental treatment consisted of participation in Adaptive Physical Education twice a week over the course of the semester for Group 1. Group 2 participated in a once per week counseling group for 10 weeks. Subjects in the Control Group did not report receiving regular counseling and were not enrolled in Physical Education classes. The Tennessee Self Concept Scale and Rotter I-E Scale were administered to subjects at the beginning and end of the semester. Additionally, subjects in the Counseling Group established and rated themselves on goals as part of the pre and post treatment assessment. This group also rated the group counseling experience at the end of the semester. The study was designed to see if participation in Adaptive Physical Education or Group Counseling would significantly effect the pre and post treatment mean scores on the Tennessee Self Concept Scale and the Rotter I-E Scale. Analysis of variance of the pre and post treatment mean scores for all three groups did not reveal any statistically significant differences in either Self Concept or Locus of Control scores. All students in the Counseling Group reported achieving their goals and reported the group experience to be a positive one. From the evidence gathered in the study, it was concluded that neither Adaptive Physical Education nor Group Counseling have a statistically significant effect on the self concept or locus of control of physically disabled college students. The small numbers of subjects in the three groups may have been a contributing factor in the failure to achieve any statistically significant difference between the three groups. Recommendations include further study of support services with a larger number of subjects over a longer period of time, further research to identify alternate methods of measuring change and further study of other types of support services.

Physically based space planning is a means for automating the conceptual design process by applying the physics of motion to space plan elements. This methodology provides for a responsive design process, allowing a designer to easily make decisions whose consequences propagate throughout the design. It combines the speed of automated design methods with the flexibility of manual design methods, while adding a highly interactive quality and a sense of collaboration with the design. The primary assumption is that a digital design tool based on a physics paradigm can facilitate the architectural space planning process. The hypotheses are that Newtonian dynamics can be used 1) to define mechanical metaphors to represent the elements in an architectural space plan, 2) to compute architectural space planning solutions, and 3) to interact with architectural space plans. I show that space plan elements can be represented as physical masses, that design objectives can be represented using mechanical metaphors such as springs, repulsion fields, and screw clamps, that a layout solution can be computed by using these elements in a dynamical simulation, and that the user can interact with that solution by applying forces that are also models of the same mechanical objects. I present a prototype software application that successfully implements this approach. A subjective evaluation of this prototype reveals that it demonstrates a feasible process for producing space plans, and that it can potentially improve the design process because of the quality of the manipulation and the enhanced opportunities for design exploration it provides to the designer. I found that an important characteristic of this approach is that representation, computation, and interaction are all defined using the same paradigm. This contrasts with most approaches to automated space planning, where these three characteristics are usually defined in completely different ways. Also emerging from this work is a new cognitive theory of design titled 'dynamical design imagery,' which proposes that the elements in a designer's mental imagery during the act of design are dynamic in nature and act as a dynamical system, rather than as static images that are modified in a piecewise algorithmic manner.

FIZINĘ NEGALIĄ TURINČIŲ ŽMONIŲ GYVENIMO PRASMĖS PATYRIMAS Situacijoje, kai žmogaus fizinės galios yra reikšmingai apribotos, vieninteliai tikri pagalbos resursai gali būti dvasiniai. Būtent tai, kas nepaisant praradimų padeda žmogui jausti pasitenkinimą gyvenimu ir savimi, kame jis įžvelgia stiprybės ir atspirties šaltinius, kas jo gyvenimą, nepaisant praradimų, daro vertingu, tai, ko negalia neatėmė ir negalės atimti – gyvenimo prasmės šaltiniai. Šiame darbe siekiame geriau suprasti žmonių, patyrusių fizinę negalią išgyvenimus, giliau panagrinėti jų subjektyvų gyvenimo prasmės patyrimą. Tam tikslui taikėme fenomenologinį analizės metodą pagal R. H. Hycner’į. Tyrimo dalyviai yra tikslinės atrankos principu atrinkti keturi vyrai ir keturios moterys, kurių amžius svyruoja nuo 29 iki 57 metų, patyrę sunkią fizinę negalią ilgiau nei prieš metus ir sutikę dalyvauti mūsų tyrime. Remiantis gautais rezultatais, galime teigti, kad beveik visi tyrime dalyvavę žmonės gyvenimą su negalia laiko kokybiškai skirtingu nuo prieš tai buvusio: jis siejasi su veiklos galimybių, o kai kuriems tyrimo dalyviams labiausiai vertinamų, apribojimu, bejėgiškumo, priklausomybės, pažeidžiamumo, vidinės dezorganizacijos ir mirties grėsmės išgyvenimais. Gyvenimo su negalia prasmės patyrimas, kaip jis atsispindi mūsų tyrimo dalyvių pasakojimuose, pasireiškia sveikatos ir rūpinimosi ja svarbos suvokimu, vertinant sveikatos atkūrimą ir išlaikymą kaip vieną prasmingiausių užsiėmimų; įvertinimu to, ką asmuo yra... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / THE MEANING OF LIFE AS EXPERIENCED BY INDIVIDUALS WITH A PHYSICAL DISABILITY When one’s physical abilities are considerably restricted, one’s spirit becomes the sole source of support. That which makes life fulfilling and worthwhile despite one’s losses, that which serves as a source of strength and resilience, that which disability can never take away, - all this is precisely what gives life its meaning. This paper seeks to attain greater insight into the experiences of the physically disabled. It also aims to analyse their subjective understanding of what makes life meaningful. In order to achieve these purposes, we have employed the method of phenomenological analysis devised by R. H. Hycner. The participants, four men and four women aged 29-57, were selected by means of objective sampling and agreed to take part in the stidy. All of them have experienced severe physical disability for at least a year. The results allow us to maintain that almost all the participants consider life to be qualitatively different for a disabled person, as opposed to a non-disabled one: namely, one’s ability to take part in various activities is compromised (for some, these are precisely the activities they used to treasure most), and, what is more, one becomes prone to feelings of helplessness, dependency, vulnerability, inner disaragement and fear of death. The interviews conducted with our participants illustrate that, for the physically disabled, a meaningful life entails understanding the... [to full text]

Darbo tikslas. Įvertinti žmonių su fizine negalia rekreacinių veiklų naudingumą, jų organizavimo bei vykdymo galimybes. Uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti sveikatos stiprinimo rekreacinėse veiklose prieinamumą ir organizavimą fizinę negalią turintiems asmenims. 2. Įvertinti ekonominės - finansinės, informacinės, fizinės ir psichosocialinės aplinkos faktorių galimą įtaką neįgaliųjų dalyvavimui rekreacinėse veiklose sveikatos stiprinimo tikslais. 3. Nustatyti vykdomų veiklų naudingumą fizinę negalią turintiems asmenims. Tyrimo metodika. Tyrimas buvo vykdomas 2011 metų liepos – rugpjūčio mėnesiais „Landšafto terapijos ir rekreacijos centre“ Monciškėse ( Palangoje). Iš viso analizei tinkamos 77 anketos. Rezultatai: Apklausoje dalyvavo 77 fizinę negalią turintys asmenys 66 vyrai ( 86 % ) ir 11 moterų ( 14 % ). Žmonės atrenkami pagal vykdomų projektų tikslinę paskirtį, tai yra kad dalyvavimas projekte asmeniui turėtų išliekamąją vertę. 58 proc. sudaro sportuojantys ir 42 proc. – nesportuojantys asmenys. Po rekreacinių stovyklų 72,7 proc. apklaustųjų pagerėjo fizinė būklė, o 77,9 proc. pagerėjo psichologinė būsena. Neįgaliųjų sveikatai gerinti reikalingi ne vien vaistai, sanatorijos, bet ir buvimo gamtoje, kuomet derinamas poilsis su sporto užsiėmimais, kultūrinių ir kitų renginių dėka tobulinama neįgaliojo asmenybė. 55,8 proc. apklaustųjų mano, jog rekreacine veikla užsiimančių įstaigų jų mieste pakanka. 48,1 proc. tiriamųjų mano, kad labiausiai jų mieste nepakanka sportinių kultūrinių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of the study. To evaluate the benefits of recreational activities, their organisation and realization for individuals with physical disabilities. Objectives. 1. To determine the accessibility and organisation of health promotion through recreational activities for individuals with physical disabilities. 2. To evaluate how economical-financial, informational, physical and psychosocial factors influence physically disabled people’s health promotion through recreational activities. 3. To determine the benefits of recreational activities for people with physical disabilities. Methods. The research was carried out in July – August, 2011 at “The Centre of Landscape and Recreation Therapy” in Monciškės (Palanga). 77 questionnaires had been analysed. Results. 77 individuals with physical disabilities participated in the survey : 66 male (86%) and 11 female (14%). People have been chosen according the purpose and target of the projects, that is, the personal participation in the project should have lasting legacy. People who play sports – 58 %, do not play sports – 42%. Disabled people (72,7%) admitted their physical health improvement after recreational activities, and even 77,9% people admitted their better psychological state. To improve their health disabled people need not only remedies, sanatoriums, but also they must stay in nature when sports and relaxation are combined; the personality of disabled individual is improved through cultural and other activities. 55... [to full text]

University of Technology, Sydney. Faculty of Information Technology. / Over the last few years Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems have emerged as highly attractive systems supporting many useful large-scale applications and services. They allow the exploitation of enormous untapped resources (such as idle processing cycles, storage, and bandwidth) available at Internet-connected devices, which were previously considered incapable of providing services to others. Participating nodes (peers) form an overlay network and communicate with each other without being controlled by a central authority. The structures and routing decisions of the most current P2P networks often do not correlate with the Internet infrastructure. In doing so, the tasks of overlay construction and routing become less complicated however, this results in high end-to-end delay for the P2P applications. As a consequence, the P2P networks may not be able to provide stringent Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for a new generation of P2P applications, and thus limit their benefits for the end users. Moreover, the infrastructure ignorance means P2P systems waste Internet resources by adding more than they should to the Internet traffic. This leads to the increase in Internet access costs substantially, and in turn the P2P systems do not scale well. The thesis presents a novel architecture for developing efficient P2P systems, and new schemes for constructing infrastructure-aware overlay networks. The main objective is first, to overcome the disparity between the overlay and Internet structures in order to maximize the use of network resources and reduce the overlay delay to the P2P applications; second, to provide efficient communication for P2P systems enabling deployment of any P2P applications while preserving decentralized, self-organizing and self-maintaining characteristics for the systems. To achieve these goals, we firstly developed Geographically Longest Prefix Matching (Geo-LPM) and Geographical Partitioning (Geo-Partitioning) schemes to cluster nodes that are close to each other in terms of network latency and network membership, and to determine links between neighboring clusters respectively. The developed schemes are efficient, generate low overhead, and help to produce excellent physically/infrastructure-aware overlay networks. Their distinctive features are self-organization, self-maintenance, and decentralization, which make them suitable to work in a P2P environment. Secondly we propose a novel architecture, called a physically-aware reference model (PARM) that captures desirable features for P2P systems by resolving major functional P2P system problems efficiently in a layered structure. For example, the application routing layer of PARM deals with routing inefficiency, meanwhile the infrastructure unawareness is resolved at the overlay network layer. We develop a useful P2P application, called a Peer Name Service (PNS) that interprets node names into their current IP addresses for any Internet-connected devices. Using the overlay networks, the PNS can support devices, which could be unreachable via the Domain Name Server (DNS), and mobile devices on-the-move without prior setup requirement in a distributed and timely fashion. Finally, to validate the whole concept of PARM, we simulate the PNS and a file transfer to a mobile node at the top layer of PARM, the P2P application layer. Since the PNS is sensitive to delay, it would be useful to evaluate the impacts of overlay delay factor and PARM on the performance of P2P applications. The simulation results show that the performance of the PARM-based applications is significantly improved while achieving decentralized and self-organizing features. The results also indicate that PARM can be a recommended reference model for developing scalable and efficient P2P systems.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1993. / "Individual workshop report." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 118-121).

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No. of bitstreams: 1 cabral_vc_me_rcla.pdf: 125494359 bytes, checksum: cfb536df102b46e911652b61675e96a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-20 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Apesar de consideráveis avanços na análise de impacto e gestão de riscos de movimentos de massa, estes continuam a representar grande risco à vida e infraestruturas em regiões montanhosas no mundo. A região da Serra do Mar, devido à suas características geomorfológicas, climáticas e ao avanço da urbanização, é região favorável à ocorrência de movimentos de massa, sobretudo os escorregamentos translacionais rasos. Embora a previsão de áreas instáveis seja essencial para a redução dos danos que esses processos causam, a tarefa não é simples em função da complexidade e variabilidade de fatores que controlam a estabilidade das encostas. A aplicação de modelos de bases físicas é forma objetiva de caracterização de movimentos de massa, especialmente escorregamentos translacionais, em função da aplicação direta de equações que descrevem fisicamente esses processos erosivos naturais, prevendo a suscetibilidade sob diferentes cenários de uso e ocupação do solo e situações climáticas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo a avaliação da suscetibilidade a escorregamentos translacionais rasos nas bacias hidrográficas dos rio Mogi e Perequê, município de Cubatão (SP), através da caracterização geológica-geotécnica e da aplicação dos modelos de base física SHALSTAB e SINMAP. Ademais, tem como objetivo a determinação do modelo que melhor se aplica à região de estudo nas escalas de trabalho. Através da criação do modelo digital de elevação (MDE) da área de estudo, base para a obtenção das informações topográficas, da coleta de amostras de solo nas campanhas de campo e da realização de ensaios laboratoriais na obtenção dos parâmetros geotécnicos, é feita a modelagem usando os modelos SINMAP e SHALSTAB nas escalas de 1:50.000 e 1:10.000. A calibração dos modelos é baseada no mapeamento de cicatrizes de episódios de escorregamentos que ocorreram na região nos anos de 1994 e 1985, onde, respectivamente, 542 e 1679 cicatrizes foram mapeadas por meio de imagens aéreas na escala de 1:25.000. Utilizando os métodos de taxa de sucesso e erro e matriz de contingência na determinação do modelo que melhor se aplica à área de estudo, o modelo SHALSTAB mostra-se o mais adequado em ambas as escalas de trabalho pois apresenta maior acurácia (cicatrizes dentro de áreas instáveis) e menor proporção de cicatrizes em áreas estáveis (falsos negativos). Portanto, o emprego de modelos de bases físicas na avaliação da suscetibilidade a escorregamentos na Serra do Mar mostra-se eficaz e representa importante auxílio na análise de risco que esses fenômenos podem representar à sociedade. A determinação do modelo que melhor se aplica a uma área específica é essencial na qualidade e eficiência de análises e avaliações de riscos a escorregamentos pois é uma ferramenta direta e objetiva de representação de processos erosivos. / Despite considerable advances on mass movements risk analysis and assessment, these processes still represent great danger to infrastructure and human lives in mountainous regions around the world. The Serra do Mar region, due to its geomorphological and climatic characteristics and due to urbanisation increase, is highly susceptible to mass movements’ occurrences, especially shallow landslides. While the prediction and mapping of unstable areas are essential to mitigate damages that these processes can cause, it is not an easy task due to the complexity and variability of the parameters that control slope stability. The application of physically based models is an objective method to characterise mass movements, especially shallow landslides, since it directly applies equations that physically describe the processes, predicting their susceptibility under many different scenarios of land use and climatic situations. The objective of this dissertation is the application of the SHALSTAB and SINMAP models on shallow landslide susceptibility assessment at the Mogi and Perequê rivers’ watersheds, in the municipality of Cubatão (São Paulo). Also, it aims to determine which model best represents slope stability in the study area at each work scale. Based on the digital elevation model (DEM), which provides topographic information to the model, and soil samples collected during fieldwork that later were tested to acquire geotechnical parameters, the modelling of shallow landslides is made using the SINMAP and SHALSTAB models at the scales of 1:50.000 and 1:10.000. The model calibration is based on landslide scars mapping of mass movements events that occurred in the region in 1994 and 1985, where, respectively, 542 and 1679 landslides scars were mapped using aerial images at a scale of 1:25.000. By using the success and error index method and a contingency table to determine the model that best suits the study region, the SHALSTAB model stands out as the most adequate in both work scales since it presents a higher accuracy (landslide scars within unstable areas) and lower proportion of landslide scars in stable areas (false negatives). The application of physically based models in assessing landslide susceptibility at the Serra do Mar region proves to be successful and, therefore, represents an important tool in risk analysis and assessment. The determination of a model that best represents the slope stability of a particular region is essential to the quality and efficiency of landslide risk analysis and assessment, as well as in urban planning, since it is a direct and objective method of representing and predicting the occurrence of these erosive processes. / CNPq: 134323/2016-5.