Adults with disabilities have traditionally performed meaningless tasks repeatedly, such as stringing beads or putting pegs in pegboards. Current best practices require professionals to train individuals with disabilities to become more independent in all aspects of daily living. They should participate in activities that are performed on a regular basis by nondisabled individuals of the same age.Since individuals with severe disabilities may lack many of the required prerequisite skills for performing daily living skills, adaptations and alternative performance strategies can be implemented to compensate for skill deficits. One alternative performance strategy is using picture recipes rather than traditional written recipes for individuals who lack reading skills.In the current study, each subject prepared two food items using a picture recipe and two food items without pictures. Subjects were randomly assigned to prepare four separate food items in different orders. The food items and the treatments were counterbalanced across subjects. This demonstrated that changes in behavior occurred with changes in treatment and not as a function of the preparation of a particular food item.The subjects were eight adults with severe disabilities who live in a large intermediate care facility for the mentally retarded. A pretest was administered to assure that subjects had the vision, mobility, dexterity, and matching skills required for the study. Neither reading skills nor number recognition was required for participation.The primary intent of the current study was to examine the relationship between cooking with pictures and cooking without pictures. The results show that adults with severe disabilities can be more independent in cooking when using picture recipes than when not using pictures.Of secondary interest was the generalization of skills from one cooking task to another. The experiment did not show that acquisition scores were consistently higher for the second food item prepared with pictures than for the first. Additionally, generalization was not shown from one food item prepared without pictures to another food item prepared without pictures. / Department of Special Education

Thesis (M. Ed.(Opvoedkundige sielkunde))-Universiteit van Pretoria, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 139-?) - (Not included in copy) Available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Indiana University of Pennsylvania. / Includes bibliographical references.

Esta pesquisa trata da prática de fazer vídeos no Colégio Estadual Professora Ottília Homero da Silva, cidade de Pinhais, região metropolitana de Curitiba; diferenciando o que se pode perceber a partir da comparação entre dois gêneros distinguidos como: um vídeo-ficção experimental e outro, um vídeo-documentário institucional. Aborda a produção de vídeos no âmbito de uma escola pública, partindo da concepção da pesquisa como prática social tendo como aporte teórico os estudos da cultura, da arte e da tecnologia como ação coletiva, com ênfase nos processos de ensino-aprendizagem. Nesta pesquisa o estudo se concentra na prática de fazer vídeos por um grupo de alunos de uma escola pública, com o objetivo de encontrar algumas evidências das implicações geradas por tal prática como construção simbólica e ruptura de determinadas situações impostas pelo cotidiano compreendendo-a como um ato cultural complexo e transformador. Por que essas pessoas fazem vídeos? Como se dá esta prática nestas circunstâncias? Como se dá este processo de construção cultural simbólica? Entre as evidências encontradas figuram a busca pela inserção social, e a ampliação da reflexão crítica, quando as pessoas envolvidas na prática passaram a questionar suas posições na construção de suas identidades, reflexo e refração do contexto em que estão imersas. / This research deals with the practice of making videos at the Colégio Estadual Professora Ottília Homero da Silva, in Pinhais city, in the metropolitan region of Curitiba, differentiating what you can see from the comparison between two different genres: one, a experimental video-fiction, another, a institutional video-documentary. It addresses the production of videos at a public school, based on studies of culture and art and technology as a collective action, with emphasis on the teaching-learning processes. This research study focuses on the practice of making videos by a group of students at a public school, with the goal of finding some evidence of the implications generated by such practice as a symbolic construction and disruption of daily life imposed by certain situations, as a complex act cultural and process. Why do these people make videos over there? How this practice occurs in theses circumstances? How we give this process of building cultural symbolic? The evidence founded included the search for social integration, and extension of critical reflection, when people involved in the practice began to question their positions in the construction of their identities.

Esta pesquisa trata da prática de fazer vídeos no Colégio Estadual Professora Ottília Homero da Silva, cidade de Pinhais, região metropolitana de Curitiba; diferenciando o que se pode perceber a partir da comparação entre dois gêneros distinguidos como: um vídeo-ficção experimental e outro, um vídeo-documentário institucional. Aborda a produção de vídeos no âmbito de uma escola pública, partindo da concepção da pesquisa como prática social tendo como aporte teórico os estudos da cultura, da arte e da tecnologia como ação coletiva, com ênfase nos processos de ensino-aprendizagem. Nesta pesquisa o estudo se concentra na prática de fazer vídeos por um grupo de alunos de uma escola pública, com o objetivo de encontrar algumas evidências das implicações geradas por tal prática como construção simbólica e ruptura de determinadas situações impostas pelo cotidiano compreendendo-a como um ato cultural complexo e transformador. Por que essas pessoas fazem vídeos? Como se dá esta prática nestas circunstâncias? Como se dá este processo de construção cultural simbólica? Entre as evidências encontradas figuram a busca pela inserção social, e a ampliação da reflexão crítica, quando as pessoas envolvidas na prática passaram a questionar suas posições na construção de suas identidades, reflexo e refração do contexto em que estão imersas. / This research deals with the practice of making videos at the Colégio Estadual Professora Ottília Homero da Silva, in Pinhais city, in the metropolitan region of Curitiba, differentiating what you can see from the comparison between two different genres: one, a experimental video-fiction, another, a institutional video-documentary. It addresses the production of videos at a public school, based on studies of culture and art and technology as a collective action, with emphasis on the teaching-learning processes. This research study focuses on the practice of making videos by a group of students at a public school, with the goal of finding some evidence of the implications generated by such practice as a symbolic construction and disruption of daily life imposed by certain situations, as a complex act cultural and process. Why do these people make videos over there? How this practice occurs in theses circumstances? How we give this process of building cultural symbolic? The evidence founded included the search for social integration, and extension of critical reflection, when people involved in the practice began to question their positions in the construction of their identities.

M.Ed. (Media Science) / The position of Afrikaans as a national language In South Africa has been a contested one since the 17th century settlement and occupation of the Cape by the Dutch and British settlers, and it Is not surprising that today, when the country faces critical questions relating to nationhood, cultural identity and language use In a profound way, its position again emerges as a crucial point of debate (Alexander, 1989:15). The Afrikaner group and the majority of their white South African adherents place great value on the historicity of the language. This is testified through the 'taalstryd" waged dUring an after the Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902) and the present-day status of the Afrikaans language as a major item on the negotiations agenda. This historicity and centrality of Afrikaans is contested by other language and cultural groups, who claim that Afrikaans is loaded with exclusivity and racism and that it therefore does not qualify in its claim for national status. The events of 1976 in Black schools and the subsequent years of considerable debate in public and academic forums, quite clearly Illustrates the Intensity of the contest surrounding the position of Afrikaans (Alexander, 1989:26). The Indian population group has always stressed its cultural heritage and at times this has occurred at the expense of Afrikaans as a language. Priority Is assigned to vernacular languages and Afrikaans is neglected in the process. The result is that the language is hardly spoken except in the Afrikaans classroom. It is against this background that this research project will examine the use of pictures In the teaching of Afrikaans at Indian secondary schools.

The problem undertaken in this survey was to determine the value of motion pictures in the social-studies program of the elementary school, with special emphasis upon the learning and retention of facts and general information related to the social studies at the sixth-grade level.

Planned on the realization that teen-agers have a strong influence on younger children, this experiment proposes to use high school girls to assist with a foods unit developed by the use of films and designed to improve food acceptance and reduce plate waste in some of the elementary grades.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a context approach to learning reading vocabulary with the effectiveness of the context approach accompanied by illustrations. Subjects were 152 fourth graders from 19 reading classes in 8 elementary schools. Materials included illustrated and nonillustrated vocabulary cards, a researcher-made multiple-choice instrument, and a widely used achievement test, which was used to identify the subjects as good or poor readers. The researcher made instrument was administered as a pretest during the first week of the study. Forty-eight vocabulary words were taught during the second through fifth weeks. The instrument was given again as a posttest during week six and as a delayed posttest during week twelve. Results were analyzed with the analysis of covariance procedure.

Creative writing is now generally recognized as playing an important part in a child's development. Some educators contend it is a "must" in today's world in encouraging effective social adjustment, and good mental health in children and youth. Because creative writing grows out of the writer's own thought or feeling, it is a part of the writer himself. No matter how crude the writing may be, the writer has grown in ideas because of the experience of recording a wish, a mood, a feeling, an observation. No adult or peer group can judge the inner worth of personal satisfaction. / Typescript. / "May 1958." / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science." / Advisor: Sarah Lou Hammond, Professor Directing Paper. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 26-27).