Orientador: Andrigo Barboza De Nardi / Banca: Paola Castro Moraes / Banca: Geórgia Modé Magalhães / Resumo: Feridas de grandes extensões, com perda da viabilidade tecidual e retardo na cicatrização por segunda intenção são casos que se faz necessário o emprego de técnicas cirúrgicas reconstrutivas. O plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) é um produto com maior concentração plaquetária, adjuvante no processo cicatricial de cirurgias reconstrutivas, auxiliando nos processos de hemostasia e estimulação da angiogênese. Dessa forma, delineou-se um estudo a fim de avaliar a eficácia do uso do gel produzido a partir do plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) em flapes de avanço de padrão axial toracodorsal em coelhos, para avaliar a possibilidade de favorecer a integração do retalho no leito receptor. Utilizaram-se 30 coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia branco, separados em dois grupos de 15 animais, compreendendo os grupos plasma rico em plaquetas (GPRP), na qual empregou-se o gel antes da síntese da ferida cirúrgica, e controle (GC), na qual utilizou-se apenas solução fisiológica. Para obtenção do PRP, coletou-se sangue dos animais, e determinou-se a contagem plaquetária antes da preparação do gel. No início e término do experimento os animais foram pesados para posterior análise de ganho peso médio. Após o procedimento cirúrgico iniciou-se as avaliações macroscópicas no 3º, 7º e 14º dia, e avaliou-se presença ou ausência de exsudato, integridade da pele, edema, rubor e necrose. Após esta etapa, coletou-se o material da ferida cirúrgica para confecção das lâminas histológicas e posterior avaliação microscópica. Avaliou-se a proliferação vascular, presença de células mononucleares e polimorfonucleares, proliferação fibroblástica, colagenização, reepitelização e hemorragia. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística (Teste t Student, t emparalhado, e Kruskall Walis, sendo p<0,05). O ganho de peso médio não foi significativo entre os grupos ... / Abstract: Wounds of large tracts with loss of tissue viability and delayed healing by secondary intention are cases where it is necessary the use of reconstructive surgical techniques. The platelet rich plasma (PRP) is a product with a higher platelet concentration, adjuvant in the healing process of reconstructive surgeries, assisting in the processes of hemostasis and stimulation of angiogenesis. Thus, a study was devised to assess the efficacy of the gel produced from the platelet rich plasma (PRP) in the forward axial flaps thoracodorsal pattern in rabbits to evaluate the ability to promote the integration of the flap the recipient bed. We used 30 white rabbits New Zealand, separated into two groups of 15 animals, comprising the platelet rich plasma groups (GPRP), in which we used the gel before the synthesis of the surgical wound , and control (CG), in which only saline was used. To obtain the PRP, the blood was collected from the animals, was determined and the platelet count before preparation of the gel. At the beginning and end of the experiment the animals were weighed for analysis of average weight gain. After surgery began macroscopic in the 3rd, 7th and 14th day reviews, and we assessed the presence or absence of exudate, skin integrity, edema, redness and necrosis. After this step, yielded the material for the manufacture of surgical wound, followed by microscopic histological slides. We evaluated vascular proliferation, presence of polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells, fibroblast proliferation, collagen deposition, reepithelialization and hemorrhage. The data were subjected to statistical analysis (Student t test, t paired, and Kruskal Wallis test, and p<0.05). The average weight gain was not significant between the groups; platelet concentration in the final sample of PRP was significantly higher when compared with the original; exudate and necrosis were significantly higher in the ... / Mestre

Resumo: O propósito do presente estudo foi o de avaliar histomorfometricamente a neoformação óssea da região posterior de maxila após os procedimentos cirúrgicos de elevação de seio maxilar e enxerto ósseo autógeno inlay associado ou não ao Plasma Rico em Plaquetas, em dois períodos de tempo: 6 e 8 meses. Foram selecionados 20 pacientes, com idade média de 42 anos, em boas condições de saúde geral. Os pacientes foram divididos, aleatoriamente em três grupos sendo: Grupo 1: enxerto ósseo autógeno e biópsia da área 8 meses após a cirurgia, 4 pacientes (grupo controle). Grupo 2: enxerto ósseo autógeno associado ao plasma rico em plaquetas e biópsia da área 6 meses após a cirurgia, 8 pacientes. Grupo 3: enxerto ósseo autógeno associado ao plasma rico em plaquetas e biópsia da área 8 meses após a cirurgia, 8 pacientes. Encontrou-se diferenças significantes nos períodos (G2 vs G3) em relação ao tecido ósseo (p=0,05) e em relação aos tecidos não calcificados (p=0,045), e nos tratamento (G1 vs G3) em relação a presença de material de enxerto (p=0,041). Baseado nos resultados obtidos, pôde-se concluir que em relação à quantidade e qualidade do tecido ósseo formado o uso do Plasma Rico em Plaquetas não apresentou benefícios adicionais à utilização do osso autógeno nos procedimentos cirúrgicos de elevação de seio maxilar. / Abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluated, histologic and histomorphometrically, bone formation after maxillary sinus floor augmentation by grafting with an association of PRP and autogenous bone from the symphyseal area. Out of 20 patients were used in this study, and they were distributed in three groups, G1: control - autogenous bone graft, 8 months healing period, G2 - autogenous bone graft and PRP, 6 months healing period, and G3: autogenous bone graft and PRP, 8 months healing period. Before surgery the blood was collected and proper stored, until PRP preparation. Subantral augmentation was performed and the graft was collected. The blood was centrifuged, the concentrate platelet-rich plasma layer was removed and associated to the autogenous graft. The mixture assumed a gel-like consistency, which was used to fill the sinus. After the period healing, implants were placed and core biopsies were taken from the area. Routine histological processing and staining were performed. There were no significant differences between the treatments (G1 vs G3). In regard to the healing period (G2 vs G3) we found significant differences due to bone (p=0,05) and non-calcified tissues (p=0,045), in regard to the type of treatment (G1 vs G3) we found significant differences due to the presence of grafted material (p=0,041). Within the limits of this study the association of PRP and autogenous bone did not bring any additional benefits in regard to bone formation. / Orientador: Ricardo Samih Georges Abi Rached / Coorientador: Elcio Marcantonio Junior / Banca: Luís Carlos Spolidorio / Banca: Joni Augusto Cirelli / Banca: Luís Antônio Violin Dias Pereira / Banca: Elton Gonçalves Zenóbio / Doutor

Orientador: Daniele Cristina Cataneo / Coorientador: Hamilton da Rosa Pereira / Resumo: A estrutura da cartilagem hialina é muito complexa e por possuir poucas células e não ter vasos sanguíneos, linfáticos ou nervos, tem seu potencial de cicatrização muito limitado. Lesões da cartilagem hialina do joelho são muito comuns, e seu tratamento representa um grande desafio. As opções cirúrgicas disponíveis atualmente para essa lesão, como condroplastia, microfraturas, mosaicoplastia ou transplante autólogo de condrócitos, ainda não tem resultados satisfatórios, principalmente em longo prazo. O Plasma Rico em Plaquetas (PRP) vem sendo usado na ortopedia desde os anos 90 para estimular a cicatrização dos tecidos, devido ao seu potencial de concentrar fatores de crescimento no local desejado. O objetivo da aplicação do PRP seria estimular um melhor ambiente de cicatrização. Em cartilagem o PRP tem sido usado no tratamento de osteoartrose e como coadjuvante em técnicas de tratamento de lesões condrais. Porém a literatura ainda apresenta resultados duvidosos em relação a aplicação do PRP em cirurgias de cartilagem. Essa tese apresenta a aplicação cirúrgica do PRP em pacientes com lesões condrais de joelhos, para avaliar se esse tratamento pode ter o efeito de acelerar e/ou melhorar o resultado cirúrgico destes pacientes. A tese foi dividida em três partes, sendo a primeira a revisão da literatura sobre tratamento de lesões condrais e sobre o plasma rico em plaquetas em ortopedia, a segunda parte um artigo sobre a comparação da avaliação das lesões condrais do joelho pela ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The hyaline cartilage structure is very complex, with few cells, and without blood and lymphatic vessels or nerves. This makes the healing potential very limited. Knee cartilage injuries are very common, and its treatment is a major challenge. Surgical options available nowadays like chondroplasty, microfractures, mosaicplasty and autologous chondrocyte transplantation still doesn't have satisfactory results, mainly in long term. Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) has been used in orthopedics since the 90's in order to stimulate tissue healing, because of its potential to concentrate platelet derived growth factors in the target place. The goal of the PRP application is to stimulate a better healing environment. PRP has been used in cartilage to treat osteoarthritis and to support treatment techniques for chondral injuries. However, the literature is still doubtful regarding the surgical results with PRP application. This thesis presents the PRP application in patients with knee chondral injuries to evaluate if this treatment is able to accelerate the healing process and/or to improve the surgical results in these patients. The thesis was divided into three parts, the first one is a literature review about chondral injuries treatments and platelet-rich plasma in orthopedics; the second part is a manuscript comparing the chondral injuries evaluation by arthroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging; and the last part is the main article that analyses the effect of PRP surgical application... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2014-10-30T16:11:02Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Alexandre Roriz Blumenschein - 2013.pdf: 1583874 bytes, checksum: d7e7853456cef455bfd20f0c4d3f1754 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-10-31T10:06:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Alexandre Roriz Blumenschein - 2013.pdf: 1583874 bytes, checksum: d7e7853456cef455bfd20f0c4d3f1754 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-31T10:06:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Alexandre Roriz Blumenschein - 2013.pdf: 1583874 bytes, checksum: d7e7853456cef455bfd20f0c4d3f1754 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-25 / Autologous fat grafts used for filling soft tissue defects have been used for more than a century. Fat is considered an ideal filler because of its low cost, ease of harvest, abundance in the human body and low immunogenic and allergic reaction due to its autologous nature, being largely used in aesthetic and reconstructive plastic surgery. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is a plasma fraction, with platelet count above baseline, generally obtained via centrifugation of blood. PRP theoretically promotes tissue regeneration due to fact that it concentrates a greater amount of growth factors essential in the process of tissue regeneration and neovascularization. This paper aims to examine if the association of fat grafts and PRP improves graft viability in female rats, through an experimental, randomized and blinded study, which involved 47 animals. These animals underwent fat graft harvest from their inguinal fat deposits and fat grafting subcutaneously to their cranial region. In 22 animals the fat graft was mixed with PRP and in 25 the fat was grafted by itself. After a 100 day period, the animals were sacrificed and the fat grafts were analyzed using scores from 0 (absent) to 4 (abundant), in optical microscopy by two independent and blinded pathologists, by means of the following variables: fat graft cell viability, fat necrosis, tissue inflammation and fibrosis. Regarding fat graft cell viability, the PRP group scored moderate/abundant in 63% of the cases and the fat graft only group scored absent/slight in 72% of the cases (p<0.05). The PRP group presented lower fat necrosis scores and lower tissue inflammation scores when compared to the fat graft only group (p<0.05). The presence of tissue fibrosis was rarely observed in both groups. Tumors (dermoid cysts) within the fat grafts were observed in 3 animals in which the grafts were mixed with PRP. It is concluded that PRP improves the viability and integration of fat grafts in rats, but more studies are needed to fully understand the exact mechanisms that lead to this improvement and assess the safety of the method for use in humans. / Enxertos de gordura autóloga têm sido usados há mais de um século para preenchimento de defeitos de tecidos moles. A gordura é considerada um material de preenchimento ideal, devido ao baixo custo de obtenção, abundância no corpo e baixa reação imunogênica e alérgica, por se tratar de material autólogo, tendo amplo uso na cirurgia plástica estética e reparadora. O plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) consiste em uma fração de plasma sanguíneo com concentração de plaquetas acima do normal, obtida geralmente através de centrifugação do sangue autólogo que separa os componentes celulares de acordo com seu peso, concentrando as plaquetas de forma seletiva. Esta fração sanguínea (PRP) teoricamente melhora a regeneração de tecidos, por conter em grande quantidade citocinas e fatores de crescimento essenciais no processo de regeneração e neovascularização de tecidos. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar se a associação de plasma rico em plaquetas a enxertos de gordura em ratas melhora a viabilidade destes enxertos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de delineamento experimental com animais, cego e randomizado. Foram estudados 47 ratas, submetidas à enxerto de gordura autóloga proveniente da região inguinal para a região subcutânea craniana. Vinte e duas ratas foram submetidas a enxerto de gordura autóloga associado a PRP (GCP) e vinte cincos ratas submetidos à enxerto de gordura sem plasma (GSP). Após 100 dias os animais foram sacrificados e as áreas de enxerto de gordura foram analisadas de forma independente e cega, por duas avaliadoras, de acordo com as seguintes variáveis: viabilidade da gordura enxertada, áreas de necrose, inflamação tecidual e áreas de fibrose, a partir de escores de avaliação histológica de 0 a 4 (ausente à abundante). Na avaliação da viabilidade das células gordurosas no enxerto, o GCP apresentou escore abundante em 63% dos casos e o GSP apresentou escore escasso em 72% destes (p<0,05). O GCP apresentou escores de necrose gordurosa e inflamação tecidual menor quando comparado ao GSP (p<0,05). A presença de fibrose tecidual foi pouco observada em ambos os grupos. Como achado histológico, observouse a presença de tumores (cistos dermoides) em três casos do grupo GCP. Conclui-se que o PRP melhora a viabilidade e integração de enxertos de gordura autóloga em ratas, porém novos estudos são necessários para entender completamente esse mecanismo e avaliar a segurança do método para uso em humanos.

Os hemoderivados têm sido utilizados com frequência cada vez maior na medicina equina, sendo caracterizados como um produto autólogo, com maior quantidade de fatores de crescimento e que melhora a capacidade de cicatrização de tecidos com pouco aporte sanguíneo, como tendões e articulações, diminuindo o tempo de recuperação do animal. Sabe-se que os fatores de crescimento são derivados das plaquetas, porém a correlação positiva entre o aumento na contagem plaquetária e a maior concentração de fatores de crescimento ainda é motivo de discussão entre os autores. Com o intuito de se obter um produto final com maior contagem plaquetária, é frequente o aumento da velocidade ou número de centrifugações na metodologia empregada, aumentando o risco de agregação plaquetária precoce. O objetivo do presente trabalho é estudar o efeito da dupla centrifugação no preparo de PRP, por meio da comparação entre contagens plaquetárias, concentrações de fator de crescimento TGF-&#946;1, e grau de ativação plaquetária por meio da porcentagem de agregação. Foram utilizados 12 equinos, machos, de 3 a 5 anos, clinicamente sadios. Para tanto foram realizados dois protocolos distintos: um com centrifugação única e o outro com dupla centrifugação. No primeiro, o sangue com anticoagulante foi centrifugado a 141G/12 minutos; enquanto no segundo a primeira centrifugação foi de 300G/5 minutos seguida de 700G/15 minutos, com repouso entre as mesmas e após. Os produtos obtidos após cada centrifugação foram submetidos à contagem plaquetária, teste de agregação e quantificação de TGF--&#946;1 por meio de kit ELISA. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram maior concentração plaquetária quando utilizado protocolo de dupla centrifugação. Agregometria evidenciou maior ativação das plaquetas durante o preparo do PRP quando submetidas a maiores velocidades de centrifugação (força gravitacional) e não ao fato das amostras serem centrifugadas duas vezes. A quantificação do TGF--&#946;1 não mostrou diferença quando realizado em amostras com apenas uma centrifugação, mas demonstrou valores maiores no produto final da segunda centrifugação. A avaliação por meio de coeficiente de determinação e coeficiente de correlação de Pearson evidenciou correlação positiva entre contagem plaquetária e de TGF--&#946;1. O protocolo com dupla centrifugação se mostrou mais eficaz em concentrar plaquetas e TGF--&#946;1, não sendo prejudicado pela ativação precoce dessas plaquetas durante o preparo. / Blood derived products have been used in equine medicine with increasing frequency, being characterized as an autologous product, with greater amount of growth factors and be capable of improvement the healing capacity in tissues with poor blood supply, such as tendons and joints, reducing the time of recovery of the animal. It is known that the growth factors are derived from platelets, but the positive correlation between the increase in platelet count and the higher concentration of growth factors is still a reason for discussion among the authors. In order to obtain a final product with a higher platelet count, it is frequent to increase the speed or number of centrifugations in the methodology employed, increasing the risk of early platelet aggregation. The aim of the present study is to verify the effect of double centrifugation in PRP preparation by comparing platelet counts, TGF-&#946;1 growth factor concentrations, and degree of platelet activation through percentage of aggregation. Twelve horses, male, aged 3 to 5 years-old, clinically healthy were subjected. Two different protocols were performed: one with single centrifugation and the other with double centrifugation. In the first one, the anticoagulated blood was centrifugated at 141G/12 minutes; while in the second one the first centrifugation was 300G/5 minutes followed by 700G/15 minutes, with rest between them and after. The products obtained after each centrifugation were submitted to platelet counting, aggregation test and measurement of TGF-&#946;1 by ELISA kit. The results showed a higher platelet concentration when double centrifugation protocol was used. The aggregometry test evidenced a greater activation of the platelets during the preparation of PRP when submitted to higher centrifugation velocities (times g), and not to double centrifugation. Quantification of TGF-&#946;1 showed no difference when performed on samples with only one centrifugation, but was higher values in the final product of the second centrifugation. The determination coefficient and Pearsons correlation coefficient showed a positive correlation between the platelet count and TGF-&#946;1 concentration. The double centrifugation protocol proved to be more effective at concentrating platelets and consequently higher amounts of TGF-&#946;1, not being impaired by early activation during obtainment.

A regeneração óssea requer não somente um arcabouço, mas também uma seqüência de eventos biológicos regulados por múltiplos fatores. No presente, o plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) consiste numa importante fonte de fatores de crescimento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia da associação de vidro bioativo e PRP na reparação de defeitos cirúrgicos realizados no osso parietal de coelhos. Para tanto, foram utilizados dez coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia, sendo que em cada animal foram confeccionados dois defeitos de 8 mm nos ossos parietais, os quais receberam tratamentos diferentes: a) grupo 1 vidro bioativo (tratamento VB) e coágulo sangüíneo (tratamento CO); b) grupo 2 vidro bioativo + PRP (tratamento VB + PRP) e PRP isolado (tratamento PRP). Os animais foram sacrificados após 12 semanas, sendo os espécimes submetidos a estudo radiográfico (densidade em tons de cinza), histológico (coloração de hematoxilina e eosina) e histomorfométrico (planimetria por contagem de pontos). Os dados de densidade radiográfica e histomorfometria foram submetidos separadamente ao teste de análise de variância (ANOVA) e ao teste de Tukey (5%). Nos tratamentos PRP + VB e PRP observou-se maior densidade óssea radiográfica e maior neoformação óssea histomorfométrica, não havendo diferença estatística entre os mesmos. Não houve diferença estatística entre os tratamentos VB e CO em relação à densidade óssea e neoformação óssea histomorfométrica. Histologicamente, a neoformação óssea foi maior nos tratamentos PRP + VB e PRP, destacando-se o PRP + VB. Portanto, o PRP favoreceu a reparação óssea e o VB não favoreceu o reparo ósseo isoladamente e não alterou a reparação óssea obtida pelo PRP. / Bone regeneration not only requires a scaffold, but also a sequence of biological events regulated by multiple factors. Nowadays, the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) consists an important source of growth factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the association of bioactive glass and PRP in the repairing of surgical defects realized in the parietal bone of rabbits. Ten rabbits New Zealand were used, and on each animal two defects of 8 mm in the parietal bones had been confectioned, which had received different treatments: a) group 1 - bioactive glass (treatment VB) and coagulum (treatment CO); b) group 2 - bioactive glass + PRP (treatment VB + PRP) and isolated PRP (treatment PRP). The animals were sacrificed after 12 weeks, and the specimens were submitted to radiographic (density grey degrees), histological (hematoxilin and eosin coloration) and histomorfometrical (planimetry for counting of points) analysis. The results of radiographic density and histomorfometric were submitted separately to the test of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukeys test (5%). In the treatments PRP + VB and PRP major radiographic bone density and major histomorfometric new bone formation was observed, without statistical difference between them. It did not have statistical difference between treatments VB and CO in relation to the bone density and histomorfometric new bone formation. Histologically, the new bone formation was bigger in the treatments PRP + VB and PRP, emphasizing PRP + VB. Therefore, the PRP supported the bone repairing and the VB does not supported the bone repair separately and does not modified the bone repairing gotten by the PRP.

As a common source of long-term pain and physical disability, overuse injuries, such as chronic tendinopathies, severely impact a patient’s quality of life. Caused by repetitive trauma, chronic tendinopathies affect hundreds of millions of people each year. The exact pathogenic mechanism in developing this musculoskeletal injury is still largely unknown, making clinical recommendations on the best course of treatment highly debatable. Nonetheless, advancements in biotechnology have made autologous blood products, specifically the use of platelet rich plasma injections, an increasingly popular method in the orthopedic field. Studies have shown that the concentrated platelet sample harbors a number of bioactive mediators. Once activated and injected at the site of injury, these growth factors and cytokines augment the natural healing process in tendinopathic cases. With limited reported complications, many clinicians believe that platelet rich plasma therapy is a safe and accessible treatment option for patients diagnosed with chronic tendinopathy. As such, the primary purpose of this paper is to determine the efficacy of platelet rich plasma injections in treating chronic tendinopathies. This literature review determined that current published studies and research on the effectiveness of PRP injections have produced contradictory results. Due to its autologous characteristic, platelet concentration differs significantly from patient to patient, contributing to high variability in terms of its effectiveness between patients. However, with low long-term costs and fast recovery, PRP injections are a promising, non-surgical intervention for treating chronic tendinopathies. Several patient-centered clinical studies have reported significant improvements in range of motion and pain management when compared to traditional injection treatments. These effects are maximized when administered under ultrasound guidance or when used in conjunction with a strict eccentric exercise program. Nonetheless, continued research is needed to determine optimal injection standards so that clinical recommendations can be further developed and supported.

Yes / Background: Platelet rich plasma (PRP), processed from autologous peripheral blood, is used to treat androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Objective: To determine the efficacy of PRP for hair growth promotion in AGA patients in a randomized, blinded, placebo controlled, pilot clinical trial (NCT02074943). Methods: The efficacy of an 8 week, 5 session, PRP treatment course was determined by measuring hair density and hair caliber changes in 10 AGA affected patients. For each PRP sample, the concentrations of selected growth factors were determined using a multiplex assay system. The clinical results were then correlated to the growth factor concentrations in PRP. Results: At 16 weeks, 8 weeks after the last PRP injection, treated areas exhibited increased mean hair density (+12.76%) over baseline compared to placebo (+0.99%). Mean hair caliber decreased in both treated and placebo regions (-16.22% and -19.46% respectively). Serial analysis of PRP significant variability in concentrations between patients. Overall, there was a positive correlation between GDNF concentration and hair density (p= 0.004). Trends, though not statistically significant, were also observed for FGF2 and VEGF. Limitations: Small sample size and lack of comparative cohorts receiving protocol variations limit confidence in the study data. Conclusions: This small pilot clinical trial suggests PRP treatment may be beneficial for AGA. However, the variable hair growth responses between patients indicate there is a significant opportunity to improve PRP therapy protocols for hair growth promotion. The variability in growth factor concentration in PRP suggests standardization of growth factors post-processing might improve hair growth responses. / RepliCel Life Sciences Inc. (Canada)

No description available.

no / Aspirin, formally known as acetylsalicylic (ASA), is most widely used and cheapest over-the counter drugs. It is used not only for the common fevers, headaches and inflammation, but also for reducing the risk of heart attacks. In recent years, it is also linked to anti-cancer potential. Recently the US Preventive Services Working Group (UPSTF) release aspirin as a guide for cardiovascular disease and primary prevention of colorectal cancer. Platelets have been shown to play a crucial role in cancer metastasis for many years and are proposed to have an intimate reciprocal crosstalk with cancer cells. They may alter the properties of each other and have reciprocal effects. But the exact role of platelets in modifying the tumor cell properties has not been established. In clinical, cancer patients may receive platelets from outside to treat thrombocytopenia and bleeding induced by intensive chemotherapy. Therefore understanding the exact role of platelets in carcinogenesis always is a research interest, especially when evaluating anti-cancer drugs. In this study we exam the effect of platelets on viability, proliferation and adhesion of lung cancer cells A549 in culture conditions, using different concentrations of platelet rich plasma (PRP) with and without the presence of antiplatelet drug aspirin. The tumor cell EMT transformation was also investigated under different combination of PRP and aspirin in vitro. Our data showed that low-dose of aspirin can promote cell proliferation and high-dose of aspirin could inhibit cell proliferation. High concentrations of platelet-rich plasma can inhibit cell proliferation but low concentrations of platelet-rich plasma had no significant effect on cell proliferation. Platelet-rich plasma can gather around the cell to form a gelatinous film, and this lead us to a promoted tumor cell distant metastasis model. We further found out that the combination of aspirin and PRP could increase cell viability compared to single use of PRP and Aspirin can affect cell proliferation by inhibiting platelet effects. Platelet-rich plasma reduces the adhesion of A549 cell can be attenuated by aspirin. Further works will focus on combination of different doses of aspirin and PRP to confirm the above results. Other format of aspirin (nano-form) and other NSAID inflammatory drugs like Ibuprofen will also be tested. / Abstract of conference paper.