The problematics of contamination of outdoor play grounds is very relevant at present, but a topic which is often forgotten, because not many people actually realise the risks of transfer of infections by the contamination of soil. In my work I specialised in the description of the life cycle of geohelminths, the appearance of infections caused by geohelminths in people and how to prevent this. I applied myself especially to the parasites, which I found in the collected samples during my research, especially Toxocara canis, T. cati, Ascaris spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Toxascaris spp. The research took place between October 2009 and April 2010, on selected locations, where I took samples for laboratory analysis. I carried out the analysis in the laboratory of Parasitologic Institute of the Academy of Science of the Czech Republic. The aim of this work was to map the level of parasite contamination on the outdoor play grounds. I divided the outdoor grounds into areas which are being kept by kinder-gardens (nursery schools) and areas that have no oficial keeper. From this evolves the following hypothesis: the play grounds that are opened to the general public without restrictions and have no official keeper are contaminated by parasites. The research has confirmed my hypothesis.

Cette thèse étudie la théâtralité cinématographique. Pour cela elle analyse le film L’année dernière à Marienbad [Alain Resnais et Alain Robbe-Grillet, 1961] en espérant cerner les deux principaux niveaux de théâtralités qui déterminent la scène filmique.Tout d'abord elle aborde la théâtralité cinématographique offerte au spectateur par la transposition des artifices du théâtre à l'écran. Nous y verrons les apports techniques et esthétiques du théâtre (dramaturgie, entrées latérales, fixité du plan, etc) au cinéma, ainsi que l'aspect factice de la scène. Nous parlerons d'une Théâtralité primaire. Nous aborderons ensuite la Théâtralité secondaire, forme spécifique de théâtralité cinématographique, procédé qui évoque la fondation de l'aire de jeu du comédien au théâtre. Au cinéma, cette aire de jeu devient celle du personnage. La Théâtralité secondaire dépasse ainsi l'héritage primaire du théâtre. Il s'agit d'un niveau plus élevé de théâtralité, surgissant à des moments prégnants du film, une coupure opérée par le jeu des personnages. Inscrivant la scène dans un autre ordre topographique, cette théâtralité précipite le film dans une dimension temporelle altérée et peut ainsi être mise en place à travers différents niveaux de fabulation des personnages. / This thesis aims at studying the film theatricality. It analyzes the film Last year to Marienbad [Alain Resnais and Alain Robbe-Grillet, on 1961] by hoping to encircle both main levels of theatricalities which determine the cinematic stage. First of all, the film theatricality can be delivered to the spectator through the implementation of technical theatre artifice on the screen but also by the fake appearance of the filmic environment. First of all, the film theatricality offered to the spectator by the transposition of the technical theatre artifice on the screen but also by fake appearance of the filmic environment. We shall see at first the technical and aesthetic elementary contributions of the theater [dramaturgy, entered laterals, fixedness of the shot of other] in the cinema. We shall speak about a primary theatricality.Then, we shall approach the secondary theatricality, the specific shape of film theatricality, process which evokes the foundation of a playing area through which actors to the theater. In the cinema, this playing area becomes that of the character. The secondary theatricality so exceeds the primary inheritance of the theater in the cinema. It is about a higher level of theatricality, appearing at the moments prégnants of the film, a cut was operated by the play of the characters. Registering the stage in another topographic order, this theatricality precipitates the film into a altered temporal dimension and can be so organized through various levels of the fantasizing of the characters.