This thesis covers the history of the MOBA (Multiplayer Online Battle Arena) genre by creating a chronological historical timeline of some of the most catalytic titles. It also delves deeper into the dynamic between modders and companies and how that dynamic changed as the genre evolved. All of this is analyzed through a political economy lens, to see how the power structure and monetization plan for the games in the genre has changed over the years. The research was conducted by piecing together relevant academic papers, with popular sources to construct a credible thesis on the MOBA genre's evolution. One of the key points from this research is how monetization has changed from the beginning of the genre to how it is today. Roughly 20 years ago, when the genre first started, monetization was more straightforward, a one-time purchase for the game. Today, most games in the genre are free-to-play, while containing in-game purchases such as cosmetics and character unlocks.

This paper will examine the role of government in the policy area of public training. Specifically it will look at the three major training initiatives undertaken by the three most recent governments of Ontario. Political Economy Theory will be used to explain the relationship between the state and the labour market, and it can best account for why the particular political ideology of the party in power cannot, and has not independently determined the design or commitment to public training policy in Ontario. Furthermore, the Political Economy Approach will demonstrate that although it may appear to be in the best interest of government to provide the public training to those aged 45+, the type of policies that emerge are ultimately determined by the particular political, economic and social conditions of the time. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)