The research conducted for this thesis has produced quantitative data on the biology and population genetic structure of the Mulloway Argyrosomus japonicus in Western Australia, where this sciaenid is recreationally and commercially fished. These data were used 1) to test various hypotheses regarding the relationship between key biological characteristics of A. japonicus and both latitude and environmental variables, 2) to investigate the population structure and genetic characteristics of populations of A. japonicus on the west and south coasts of Western Australia and to assess the relationships between these populations and those of A. japonicus in eastern Australia and South Africa, and 3) to consider the implications of the biological and genetic results for management.

Amentotaxus is an ancient lineage of gymnosperm genus. Based on the Tertiary fossil evidence, the ancient lineage was once widespread in the Northern Hemisphere but range contraction in Pleistocene and Holocene. Currently, the distributional range is restricted to southwestern China, Vietnam and Taiwan. In this study, the 15 polymorphic microsatellite primers were designed from A. formosana H. L. Li, and were used these primers for genetic research of species level and population level. In species level, we tested the transferability and polymorphism in four species, A. argotaenia (Hance) Pilger, A. formosana H. L. Li, A. poilanei (Ferr&#x00E9; & Rouane) D.K. Ferguson and A. yunnanensis H. L. Li were evaluated. In population level, we evaluate the genetic variation and genetic structure on two habitats including Mt. Chachayalaisham and Jinshueiying for the delimited of relevant genetic units and to establish useful conservation strategies. In species level, the 15 microsatellite primers had 100% successfully amplified fragments in these three species, also showing high polymorphisms (PIC=0.25-0.61). In population level, the genetic diversity analysis in the two population of A. formosana show that expected and observed heterozygosities were ranged from 0.52 to 0.60 and 0.28 to 0.36, respectively. In addition, 15 loci were deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P<0.001) and the inbreeding coefficient were displayed positive (FIS=0.48368; P <0.05), revealing the genetic fixation causing by inbreeding. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that high genetic variation with population (83.85% and 52.39%), and also showed high levels of population differentiation (FST =0.10972-0.16155; P <0.05). IMa revealed low migration rate (1.13¡Ñ10-6-1.15¡Ñ10-4), also showed small effective population size (Cha: 77.36-1830.67; Jin: 21.41-506.67) and large ancestral population size (10496.8-248424.17), inferring the A. formosana undergo significant population declined. Using Bayesian clustering algorithms and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) iterations to distinct genetic units and make assignments in the programs SAMOVA¡BSTRUCTURE and INSTRUCT, the best clustering was occurred at K=2, and found 11 and 9 distinct genetic groups in Mt. Chachayalaisham and Jinshueiying based on GENELAND analysis, respectively. We correlated the distinct genetic units and the age structures to evaluate the individuals with unique genotype for seed source to maintain the maximum genetic diversity of A. formosana.

The study intended to investigate the phylogeography of mid-altitude species, Japalura brevipes, which is the endemic to Taiwan. I used mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences and morphological characters to investigate the phylogeography. The molecular results showed that there are 16 haplotypes. The length of partial cytochrome b sequences is 617 bp including 84 informative sites, and the mean genetic distance is 5.4%. In phylogenetic analyses, three major clades were found in the phylogenetic trees. Moreover, these clades (north, central-north and south) corresponded to the geographic distribution. Analysis of population genetic structure revealed significant differentiation among populations, and most of the haplotypes were restricted to the locally. The morphological analyses showed that there is no difference between sexes at 18 characters, with the exception of the axilla-groin length and dorsal-crest scales. The Principal Component Analysis and Canonical Discriminate Analysis using 16 morphological characters showed the different results. Principal Component Analysis failed to separate populations. However, Canonical Discriminate Analysis could discriminate the populations of Guanwu, Nanheng, Sihyuantkou and Wuling Farm from others. Phylogeography of J. brevipes belonged to category 1 defined by Avise (2000). I infer refuge effect and dispersal ability hypotheses to explain the genetic structure of J. brevipes.

The objective of this study is to elucidate the efficiency of enation-structure (at node) recognition method at pre-flowing stage and to understand the population genetic variation of the Mikania weeds in Taiwan. The plant materials collected by recognizing enation-structure symptom method from North, Central, South and East Taiwan and off-shore islands. Using PCR¡V sequencing marker techniques, the sequencing revealed that nrDNA ITS region could identify three Mikania weeds and the 97% similarity of phylogenetic relationship between M.cordata and M.micrantha are more closer than that between M.cordata and M.scandens, whose ITS sequence is obtained from GeneBank. However ,the sequences of chloroplast DNA of M.cordata and M.micrantha at trnL intron¡]436bp¡^or trnL-trnF IGS¡]345 bp¡^are almost the same and could not be used as molecular markers. The recognizing techniques of enation-structure was supported by the nrDNA ITS region and ISSR results at the end, thus the finding can be recommended to the Council of Agriculture in order to eliminate the weed and to reduce the impact on M.cordata, which is native in Taiwan. Moreover, the findings of ISSR analysis in the aspect of population genetic variation indicated that high genetic differentiation ¡]Gst>0.5¡^was found among the M. cordata and M.micrantha populations. Based on the Mantle test, there was no relationship between genetic distance and geographic distance in M.micrantha¡]r=0.0053,p=0.47¡^.This phenomenon revealed that populations of M.micrantha had complex population variability within the short-term invaded into Taiwan that might be resulted from the random dispersion of human activities. The population of M.micrantha was established by few individuals (founders) and grown rapidly in Taiwan, resulting in population differentiation via genetic drift. In contrast to M.micrantha ,there was relationship between genetic distance and geographic distance in M.cordata ¡]r=0.44,p=0.025¡¯¡^.It revealed that populations of M.cordata agreed to the concept of isolation by distance model, which might be evolved from the result of natural dispersion. In conclusion, the population structure of M.micrantha in Taiwan is stable , suggesting that control of Mikania population should be based on different populations where have large differentiation among them .

Characterizing the population genetic structure of a species can provide insight into isolating effects of local adaptation and genetic drift, and homogenizing effects of gene flow. The relative interplay between gene flow and genetic drift can indicate whether multiple conservation units are needed to preserve biodiversity. Baja California, Mexico is a biodiversity hotspot where many individuals are genetically differentiated from conspecific individuals breeding elsewhere. Cassin’s auklet (Ptychoramphus aleuticus), a zooplanktivorous seabird, breeds in colonies along the Pacific coast of North America. One subspecies, P. a. australe, is described from Baja California and another, P. a. aleuticus, is described from the rest of its range to the Aleutian Islands, Alaska. Many of the colonies throughout its range have been declining in numbers likely as a result of decreases in food availability in cold-water upwellings along the coast. The mitochondrial control region and eleven nuclear microsatellites were analyzed using programs based on coalescent and Bayesian theory to determine how the southern subspecies compares genetically to the main subspecies. First, population genetic structure was characterized throughout Cassin’s auklet’s breeding range using pairwise genetic differentiation indices, hierarchical analysis of variance, statistical parsimony and Bayesian clustering methods. The two subspecies were genetically differentiated but individuals breeding in the Channel Islands were more genetically similar to P. a. australe individuals. Population genetic differentiation was not evident within the two genetic groups. Second, gene flow between the two genetic groups was estimated using coalescent and Bayesian methods. Significant gene flow was estimated from the northern group (Aleutian Islands to Southeast Farallon Islands) into the southern group (Channel Islands to San Benito Island) but not from the southern group into the northern group since the time of divergence, possibly as a result of the non-breeding distribution. Results show that the two genetic populations diverged recently and the populations have experienced a recent population change in size. Restrictions in home range and foraging range may cause population genetic differentiation, resulting in two distinct management units. Genetic differentiation of the southern population provides support for Baja California and southern California being a biodiversity hotspot. / Thesis (Master, Biology) -- Queen's University, 2012-09-28 14:02:24.007

Genetic diversity is a fundamental attribute that contributes to a species evolutionary survival. In recent times, conservation managers have recognized the need to preserve genetic diversity of declining species, and have also acknowledged the utility of genetic markers for describing genetic and ecological relationships within and among populations. Information obtained from genetic studies can be used in conjunction with information on population demography, land use patterns and habitat distribution to develop effective management strategies for the conservation of species in decline. The wallum froglet, Crinia tinnula, is one of Australia's smallest habitat specialist anurans. In recent years there has been a dramatic decrease in population numbers of this species. The habitat to which C.tinnula is endemic ('wallum' habitat) is restricted to low coastal plains along the southeast Queensland and northern New South Wales coastline. As human populations in this region expanded, the coastal areas have undergone significant development and large areas of wallum habitat have been cleared. The effect has been to convert once largely continuous patches of coastal heathland in to a matrix of small habitat patches within an area undergoing rapid urban expansion. This study aimed to document levels and patterns of genetic diversity and to define the population structure of C.tinnula populations within southeast Queensland, with the objective of defining possible conservation management units for this species. Results from 12S and COI mitochondrial markers clearly showed that two distinct evolutionary lineages of C.tinnula are present within southeast Queensland. The high level of divergence between lineages and strict geographic partitioning suggests long term isolation of C.tinnula populations. It is hypothesized that ancestral C.tinnula populations were once confined to wallum habitat refugia during the Pliocene resulting in phylogeographic delineation of 'northern' and 'southern' C.tinnula clades. Populations within each geographic region show evidence of range contraction and expansion, with subsequent restricted gene flow. Levels of genetic diversity appear, largely, to be the product of historical associations rather than contemporary gene flow. A revision of the current systematics of C.tinnula is required to ensure that discrete population groups are recognized as distinct evolutionary lineages and will therefore be protected accordingly.

Golden mice (Ochrotomys nuttalli) are generally an elusive and rare species throughout their geographic range in the southeastern United States. They are considered to be habitat specialists that prefer dense understory consisting of shrubs and vines. Golden mice are less vagile, and likely disperse shorter distances than other sympatric species such as the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus). Conversely, white-footed mice are considered habitat generalists that inhabit a variety of habitat types, are more vagile, and disperse farther than golden mice. Because of this it is likely that golden mice have a lower genetic diversity and are more genetically subdivided than white-footed mice. In southern Illinois, golden mice are on the periphery of their range, which is one of the reasons they are on the state-threatened list in Illinois. It has been hypothesized that populations on the periphery of a species range will have more population structure and lower genetic diversity than populations in the core of the range. Tissue samples for golden mice and white-footed mice were collected from 24 sites throughout southern Illinois and 24 sites throughout the golden mouse core range. I analyzed 13 and 10 microsatellite markers as well as 594 and 624 base pairs of the mitochondrial control region for golden mice and white-footed mice, respectively, to characterize and compare the genetic diversity and population structure of both species. Overall haplotype diversity (0.76) and nucleotide diversity (0.20%) was lower in golden mice compared to white footed mice (0.99 and 1.97%). Results of an AMOVA using the mitochondrial control region revealed more subdivision among the 3 populations of golden mice (Φst = 0.099, P < 0.001) than among the 3 populations of white-footed mice (Φst = 0.058, P < 0.001). Microsatellite loci showed a similar trend with overall FST values of 0.027 (P < 0.001) for golden mice and 0.004 (P = 0.137) for white-footed mice. I intended to compare golden mouse individuals from southern Illinois and the core of the range, but too few individuals were collected from the core. More samples need to be collected throughout the core of the range to better understand the population genetics of golden mice in the core of the range compared to the periphery.

Southern pine beetle (SPB), Dendroctonus frontalis (Zimmerman), is one of the most destructive insect pests of pine trees in southern United States, Mexico and Central America. There is relatively little information on the effect of habitat fragmentation on the connectivity and the spatial population genetics of SPB. This study therefore, adds to previously generated information by assessing how habitat fragmentation affects the spatial population genetic structure of SPB. It also introduces a new approach to the study of bark beetle population dynamics by assessing how landscape variables shape their effective dispersal. To address this issue, a suite of eight highly polymorphic DNA microsatellite markers were used to measure SPB movement over a representative range of SPB habitat and non-habitat (matrix). At the broadest scale, highly significant genetic differentiation suggests that the sampled populations are not panmictic. Loci with higher variability yielded higher resolution for both the infinite allele model based measure of differentiation (FST) and the stepwise mutation based measure (RST) estimates. It is apparent that allelic frequency differences, allelic size ranges and repeat motif played a role in the observed patterns of pair-wise differentiations between the sampled localities. It is supposed that gene flow, wide-range dispersal and recent divergent time could have contributed to the lower level of genetic structure observed in the pair wise estimates. The sampled populations did not show any differentiation attributable to the host species from which they were collected. Mantel test of genetic distance and Euclidean geographic distance revealed no correlation. Mantel tests of the correlation between genetic distance and cost weighted Euclidean distances also suggest that dispersal of SPB across geographic barriers is not significantly reduced. Thus, landscape features and host preference do not appear to have had an impact on population genetic structure of SPB. Since movements of these beetles were not significantly hindered by environmental factors like major rivers, roads, elevation and host type, it is advisable for regional pest management offices to put an effort and coordinate their prevention and management plans in a broader scale to alleviate the problem associated with this native insect pest. Disequilibrium in the observed homogenized pattern of the beetle in this study suggests human contribution in the dispersal of SPB. Therefore, stringent control is deemed necessary in transportation of logs. This could improve our pest management system hence its positive implication in timber industry is obvious.

Submitted by JULIANA TEODORA DE ASSIS REGES null (juliana.teodora@bol.com.br) on 2016-10-21T00:48:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Reges-Tese-DR.pdf: 2852424 bytes, checksum: e86c4e7420b8cf40a8dcc1e723431082 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-10-27T16:48:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 reges_jta_dr_jabo.pdf: 2852424 bytes, checksum: e86c4e7420b8cf40a8dcc1e723431082 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-27T16:48:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 reges_jta_dr_jabo.pdf: 2852424 bytes, checksum: e86c4e7420b8cf40a8dcc1e723431082 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Na primeira parte de nosso estudo descrevemos a associação de Pyricularia pennisetigena e P. zingibericola a gramíneas invasoras de áreas de trigo no centro-sul do Brasil. Desconhece-se, entretanto, qual o potencial de P. pennisetigena e P. zingibericola como patógenos de poáceas de interesse econômico para a agricultura brasileira. Dessa forma, objetivamos caracterizar o espectro de patogenicidade de P. pennisetigena e P. zingibericola a braquiária, cevada e trigo e compará-lo com P. grisea e com a espécie até recentemente descrita como P. oryzae patotipo Triticum, de ocorrência generalizada no agroecossistema brasileiro. Foram testados 20 isolados de Pyricularia spp. obtidos de amostras de folhas infectadas de plantas invasoras de campos de trigo. A classificação dos isolados em espécies distintas de Pyricularia foi efetuada usando-se filogenia molecular baseada nas sequencias parciais dos genes actina e calmodulina. Pyricularia pennisetigena e P. zingibericola inoculadas em folhas, foram patogênicas a braquiária, cevada e trigo, com diferenças na agressividade entre as espécies. Pyricularia zingibericola foi a espécie mais agressiva a braquiária e cevada, enquanto P. pennisetigena foi a espécie mais agressiva em plantas jovens de trigo. Por outro lado, P. grisea isolada de Digitaria sanguinalis ou de Urochloa spp. não infectou trigo. A análise filogenética das regiões ACT e CAL concatenadas reproduziu as relações filogenéticas e a magnitude das diferenças descritas entre Pyricularia zingibericola, P. pennisetigena, P. oryzae patotipo Triticum e P. grisea. Urochloa spp. provavelmente representam fonte permanente de inóculo inicial dos patógenos da brusone do trigo entre as épocas de cultivo. Na segunda parte desta pesquisa, foi estudado a estrutura genética de populações do patógeno da brusone do trigo, o fungo Ascomiceto Pyricularia graminis-tritici sp. nov., no centro-sul do Brasil. Os objetivos foram responder às seguintes perguntas: As populações geograficamente distintas de P. graminis-tritici do trigo eram geneticamente subdivididas? Como se distribuía a diversidade gênica e genotípica entre as populações regionais de P. graminis-tritici, cerca de 30 anos após as primeiras epidemias de brusone no Brasil? Qual o sistema reprodutivo predominante de P. graminis-tritici no país? Conclui-se que não houve subdivisão na maioria das populações geográficas contemporâneas de P. graminis-tritici do trigo, indicando mecanismo eficiente de fluxo gênico. A magnitude e a extensão do fluxo gênico entre populações geográficas de P. graminis-tritici do trigo, o sistema reprodutivo predominantemente sexual, aliados a alta diversidade genética do fungo, indicam um patógeno com alto potencial evolutivo no agroecossistema brasileiro. Outras espécies de poáceas hospedeiras com ampla distribuição geográfica no Brasil, como por exemplo, o capim-braquiária (Urochloa brizantha), podem ter importante papel no ciclo de vida e na biologia reprodutiva, na sobrevivência e na dispersão do inóculo de P. graministritici a curta e longa distâncias, mantendo as populações geográficas do patógeno conectadas. Os padrões de fluxo gênico e genotípico entre populações hospedeiro-distintas do patógeno reforçam a hipótese de que a brusone do trigo pode ter tido origem de novo a partir de populações endêmicas de P. graminis-tritici que infectam outras espécies de poáceas (nativas ou invasoras de áreas de trigo) no país. / In the first part of our study we described the association of Pyricularia pennisetigena and P. zingibericola with invasive grasses from wheat cropping areas in South-Central Brazil. However, the potential of P. pennisetigena and P. zingibericola as pathogens to poaceous plants of economic interest for Brazilian agriculture is still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the pathogenicity spectrum of P. pennisetigena and P. zingibericola to signal grass, barley and wheat and compare with P. grisea and with the species until recently described as P. oryzae pathotype Triticum, of widespread occurrence in the Brazilian agroecosystem. Twenty isolates of Pyricularia spp. obtained from samples of infected leaves of weed species in wheat fields were tested. Classification of isolates into different species of Pyricularia was performed using molecular phylogeny based on the partial actin and calmodulin gene sequences. Pyricularia pennisetigena and P. zingibericola inoculated on leaves were pathogenic to signal grass, barley and wheat, with differences in aggressiveness between species. Pyricularia zingibericola was the most aggressive species to signal grass and barley, while P. pennisetigena was the most aggressive species to young plants of wheat. On the other hand, P. grisea isolated from Digitaria sanguinalis or Urochloa spp. did not infect wheat. Phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated regions ACT and CAL reproduced the phylogenetic relationships and the magnitude of the differences reported between Pyricularia zingibericola, P. pennisetigena, P. oryzae pathotype Triticum and P. grisea. Urochloa spp. probably represents a permanent source of initial inoculum of the wheat blast pathogens between growing seasons. In the second part of this research, we studied the genetic structure of populations of the wheat blast pathogen, the Ascomycete fungus Pyricularia graminis - tritici sp. nov., in the South-Central Brazil. The objectives were to answer the following questions: The geographically distinct populations of P. graminis-triticiwheat were genetically subdivided? How gene and genotypic diversity were distributed among regional populations of P. graminis-tritici about 30 years after the first outbreaks of wheat blast in Brazil? What is the predominant reproductive system of P. graminis-tritici in the country? We concluded that there was no subdivision among most of the contemporary geographical populations of Pyricularia graminis- tritici from wheat fields, indicating an efficient mechanism of gene flow. The magnitude and extent of gene flow among geographical populations of P. graminis-tritici, the predominantly sexual reproductive system, coupled with high genetic diversity of the fungus, indicated a pathogen with high evolutionary potential in the Brazilian agro-ecosystem. Other species of poaceous hosts with wide geographic distribution in Brazil, for example, signal grass (Urochloa brizantha) can play an important role in the life cycle and reproductive biology, survival and spread of inoculum of P. graminis- tritici at short and long distances, keeping the geographical populations of the pathogen connected. The patterns of gene and genotypic flow between host-distinct populations of the pathogen reinforce the hypothesis that the wheat blast may had a de novo origin from endemic populations of P. graminis-tritici infecting other poaceous species (native or invasive WRwheat areas) in the country.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-01-07T10:43:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vanessa Bernardes - 2014.pdf: 2035312 bytes, checksum: 8b960a119417d6138d7c9fbbdf6c6ad0 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-01-07T10:46:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vanessa Bernardes - 2014.pdf: 2035312 bytes, checksum: 8b960a119417d6138d7c9fbbdf6c6ad0 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-07T10:46:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vanessa Bernardes - 2014.pdf: 2035312 bytes, checksum: 8b960a119417d6138d7c9fbbdf6c6ad0 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Molecular markers are identifiable DNA sequences found at specific sites in the genome and transmitted by the standard laws of inheritance from one generation to the next. Markers known as microsatellite are indicated for genetic population analysis; due they are widely distributed in the genome and their high polymorphic information content per locus. To support different management practices, genebanks, conservation studies is important to perform the analysis of genetic variability in natural populations of the species of interest. In the biome Cerrado there are inumerous medicinal and fruit trees that are used in a extractive way, among them are those of the gender Byrsonima sp. popularly known as murici, belonging to the family Malpighiaceae. In Brazil presents about 70 species with wide distribution in the Cerrado. The murici is a multi- potential plant and although not be domesticated, its economic exploitation can be viable. In this context, the objective was to develop a set of microsatellite markers for species Byrsonima cydoniifolia A. JUSS. and test the potential transferability of this set of markers for species Byrsonima crassifolia L. Kunth. The microsatellite regions were isolated using genomic libraries enriched for repetitive regions and then they were used for primer design. Using the primers designed temociclagem conditions were tested and the products were characterized using the DNA of 90 individuals of B. cydoniifolia and 24 indivuduals of B. crassifolia. Of these, 14 loci were polymorphic and 3 monomorphic in three populations of B. cydoniifolia. The number of alleles ranged from 3 to 17, with an average of 10.45 alleles per locus. The observed heterozygosity was similar to the expected heterozygosity, the values ranged from 0.20 to 0.92 and 0.43 to 0.92; respectively. 39 private alleles were identified. This set of markers showed high combined probability of paternity exclusion (Q) equal to 0.999 and combined probability of identity (I) equal to I=7.84x10-1. The global values for the fixation index (FIS) were not significant (P<0.05), whereas the values of FST=0,082 and FIT=0,143 were significant. For Byrsonima crassifolia species, nine pairs of primers produced good patterns of cross amplification in the study population, with a mean of 7.56 alleles per locus. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.250 to 0.958, which was higher than the expected heterozygosity ranging from 0.223 to 0.905. The combined probability of paternity exclusion (Q) was equal to 0.99847 and high combined probability of identity equal to 6.42x10-9. The strategy of development of microsatellite markers from the genomic library enriched methodology was efficient to generate a panel with eleven polymorphic microsatellite markers for B. cydoniifolia and nine polymorphic microsatellite markers successfully transferred to B. crassifolia, providing a useful tool for population genetic studies not only for the species B. cydoniifolia and B. crassifolia, but possibly for other related species evolutionarily. / Marcadores moleculares são sequências de DNA identificáveis, encontrados em locais específicos do genoma e transmitidos pelas leis padrão de herança de uma geração para a seguinte. Os marcadores moleculares conhecidos como microssatélites são indicados para análises genético-populacionais, por serem amplamente distribuídos no genoma e apresentarem alto conteúdo de informação polimórfica por loco. Para subsidiar diferentes práticas de manejo, bancos de germoplasma e estudos de conservação é importante realizar a análise da variabilidade genética nas populações naturais das espécies de interesse. No bioma Cerrado encontram-se inúmeras espécies medicinais e frutíferas que são utilizadas de forma extrativista, dentre elas estão as do gênero Byrsonima sp., conhecidas popularmente como murici, que são pertencentes à família Malpighiaceae. No Brasil, existem cerca de 70 espécies com ampla distribuição no Cerrado. O murici é uma planta de múltiplas potencialidades e apesar de não ser domesticada, a sua exploração econômica apresenta potencial. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do trabalho foi desenvolver um conjunto de marcadores microssatélites para a espécie Byrsonima cydoniifolia A. JUSS. e testar o potencial de transferibilidade deste conjunto de marcadores para a espécie Byrsonima crassifolia L. Kunth. As regiões microssatélites foram isoladas utilizando bibliotecas genômicas enriquecida para regiões repetitivas e, posteriormente, as mesmas foram utilizadas para o desenho de primers. A partir dos primers desenvolvidos foram testadas condições de temociclagem e seus produtos foram caracterizados utilizando o DNA de 90 indivíduos de B. cydoniifolia e 24 indivíduos de B. crassifolia. Das 60 sequências obtidas, foi possível identificar 22 regiões microssatélites e desenhar pares de primers para 17. Destes, 14 locos apresentaram polimorfismo e três foram monomórficos em três populações de B. cydoniifolia. O número de alelos variou de 3 a 17, com uma média de 10,45 alelos por loco. A heterozigosidade observada foi semelhante à heterozigosidade esperada, com os valores variando de 0,20 a 0,92 e 0,43 a 0,92, respectivamente. Foram identificados 39 alelos privados. Este conjunto de marcadores apresentou alta probabilidade combinada de exclusão de paternidade (Q) igual a 0,999 e probabilidade de identidade combinada (I) igual a I=7,84x10-1. Os valores globais obtidos para o índice de fixação (FIS) não foram significativos (P<0,05), enquanto que os valores de FST=0,082 e FIT=0,143 foram significativos. Para a espécie Byrsonima crassifolia, nove pares de primers produziram bons padrões de amplificação cruzada na população avaliada, apresentando uma média de 7,56 alelos por loco. A heterozigosidade observada variou de 0,250 a 0,958, maior do que a heterozigosidade esperada, que variou de 0,223 a 0,905. A probabilidade combinada de exclusão de paternidade (Q) foi alta igual a 0,998 e a probabilidade combinada de identidade igual a 6,42x10-9. A estratégia de desenvolvimento de marcadores microssatélites a partir da metodologia de biblioteca genômica enriquecida foi eficiente para gerar um painel com onze marcadores microssatélites polimórficos para B. cydoniifolia e nove marcadores microssatélites polimórficos transferidos com sucesso para B. crassifolia, disponibilizando uma ferramenta útil para estudos genético-populacionais não só para as espécies B. cydoniifolia e B. crassifolia, mas possivelmente para outras espécies próximas evolutivamente.