The degree work deals with the parents of pre-maturely-born children. The part dedicated to theory handles the issue of the immaturity of prematurely-born children including the latest trends in nursing the given children. The other issue tackled in this part is the family and its specifics concerning a prematurely-born child and the choices of how to enhance the family. This part also focuses on the communication with and the expertise of people working in the field involved in the care of premature children and their parents. The target of the work has been to discover and reflect upon what the mothers of prematurely-born children are experiencing, what needs they may have in the field of communication with and expertise of the healthcare staff and to define what enhancing therapy interventions are at the disposal of parents while their children are hospitalized. To achieve the targets of my work, quality research has been conducted and the method employed was asking questions and a semi-standardized interviewing technique of the mothers of prematurely-born children and the people working in the field. In addition, the document?s contents analysis was completed. The research files were formulated by the people working in the field from the obstetric facility ?The Institute for Mother and Child Care? and by the mothers of prematurely-born children who gave birth at the above healthcare facility. Another intention of the research was to confront the views of mothers of prematurely-born children with the approach of the people working in the field. Resultant from the analysis of the above testimonies, hypotheses have been inferred. The work points out the necessity of a tender approach, of providing emotional support and also empathetic communication from the side of the healthcare staff. Further, the healthcare staff should be trained on how to provide timely-crisis enhancement to the parents. The expertise of the staff is also important in providing the complex follow-up mental and social support to the parents. The outcomes of the degree work may be applied as a feedback for the particular healthcare facility and/or generally to improve the care quality for parents of prematurely-born children.

The objective of the work I am hereby presenting was to map pain by women during and after delivery with regards to age, number of births, attendance in prenatal courses and satisfaction of women in labour. The secondary objective was to find out the influence of interpersonal relationships during the hospitalization of the woman in labour and her perception of pain. Methodology: The set-up goals were accomplished through a quantitative research carried out in hospitals across the South Bohemian region with the use of a questionnaire consisting of two parts. The first part included a questionnaire of my own construction and the second part involved a standardized PCS questionnaire dealing with catastrophization of pain. The questionnaire was filled in by women after vaginal delivery with an interval of 48 - 72 hours after birth. Results: The testing sample involved 635 women giving birth in maternity hospitals in South Bohemian region. The average age of the respondents was 29,7. 49,1 % were primiparas and 50,9 % were women giving birth for the second or several times. The results of the research showed that the age of the woman in labour does not affect the perception of pain during the delivery, on the contrary the post-labour pain decreases with the increasing age of women in labour. Primiparas stated bigger pain than women who were giving births for several times. Undergoing the prenatal course did not prove any relationship with regards to pain during the labour. On the contrary the information they had gained in the prenatal course were proved to be beneficial for the evaluation of post-labour pain as respondents who participated in these courses stated lower level of pain in post-labour period. Statistically significant factors that respondents stated as the most helping in relieving pain, was the support of the midwife, communication with the midwife, staying in the shower, support of the doctor and communication with him/her, interpersonal relationships of the medical staff and the environment of the delivery room. The least satisfied with their delivery were women that used pharmacological treatment for reduction of pain. Women with lower stated labour pain described greater satisfaction with birth. The perception of pain during the delivery is influenced also with the interpersonal relationship at that given maternity hospital, on the contrary these relationships do not affect the evaluation of pain in the post-labour period. Conclusion: This thesis provides a view at the problematics of pain during and after delivery. The results of the research showed the important role of the midwife as well as the doctor's role in the process of care of woman in this uneasy period. The midwife not only evaluates the pain, but also offers the possibility of pain relieve and her behaviour can influence this pain.

Steroid hormones act through two mechanisms. The first is the classical genomic level, which acts at a relatively slow pace from hours to days. The second non-genomic mechanism of steroid activity can influence cellular function during seconds or even milliseconds. During pregnancy both mechanisms take place. Steroid hormones that act non-genomically and influence neuronal excitability are called neuroactive steroids. The aim of this study was to measure the levels of steroid hormones and examine their relationship to the physiology and pathophysiology of pregnancy. The physiological importance of increased placental progesterone production, lowered production of 5B-pregnanone steroids and increased activity of steroid sulfotransferase with gestational age have been intensely discussed. On the basis of our results, we have proposed an alternative mechanism of maternal progesterone synthesis during pregnancy (progesterone, or the gestagen stabilizing activity of the myometrium = continuation of pregnancy). In contrast to previous results our observations indicate that gestagens arise from precursors in the fetus (from pregnenolone sulfate). This mechanism is closely connected with the distribution of placental oxido-reductase. Data from this study show an increasing trend in the conversion of...

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Thesis title: CRIMINAL LIABILITY OF PHYSICIANS IN GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS The purpose of my diploma thesis is to analyse the issue of criminal liability of physicians, especially physicians in Gynecology and Obstetrics. The thesis is divided into five main chapters and many subchapters. The first chapter serves as an introduction to the legal liability in general. I mention the categories of liability- civil and labour liability are just noticed in this task, while administrative and disciplinary liability are discussed and defined. The aim is to compare these liability in healthcare and emphasize the ultima ratio principle of criminal liability. Chapter Two defines relevant concepts of medical law. This chapter deals with the concept of acting lege artis, acting non lege artis, informed consent of patient and advance directives. These concepts are demonstrated on examples from practice and related jurisprudence. I also define the specilization of Gynecology and Obstetrics and its legislation. The third chapter explains basic terms and concepts connected with criminal liability and define the necessary conditions and circumstances for physicians to commit a crime. The second section of this chapter focuses on circumstances under which some normally unlawful acting might not be considered illegal....

The thesis deals with pregnancy and childbirth among Roma women in the context of transcultural care. In the theoretical part, three main topics relevant to the subject of the thesis are addressed: (i) transcultural care and its development both abroad and in the Czech Republic, (ii) the Roma way of life with a special focus on those aspects affecting the way of perceiving and experiencing the pregnancy and childbirth by Roma women, and (iii) recent trends in providing care to pregnant and labouring women. The empirical part includes a qualitative research into how Roma women perceive and experience pregnancy and childbirth, and what characteristics from the perspective of midwives make them different from the majority society women. Using qualitative research based on interviews with Roma women and midwives I gained valuable data upon which I have identified cultural differences which may affect Roma women's access to prenatal care, the manner of pregnancy planning, and the perception of pregnancy or parturition itself. Based on these findings, I have analysed the applicability of the transcultural care model to Roma women. The main objective is to help midwives to better understand different situations they may encounter during the caregiving Roma women. Key words: culture, transcultural care,...

About 4 % women in general population and up to 19 % women in at-risk population suffer from PTSD related to childbirth. The main risk factors for postpartum PTSD are negative birth experience and obstetric emergencies. However, the findings about risk factors and prevalence rates vary across studies, which is mainly due to the inconsistency in the diagnostics of postpartum PTSD. Researchers use various PTSD measures that differ in the number and type of symptoms monitored and many of these measures do not cover all DSM criteria for PTSD. Furthermore, the PTSD diagnostic criteria have been significantly modified in the new DSM-5 and the existing instruments need to be revised. The first part of the thesis presents the concept of PTSD related to childbirth. Special attention is paid to the risk factors identified in previous research and to the analysis of PTSD diagnostic and screening measures used in the postpartum context. The aim of the second part of the thesis is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the unpublished Childbirth-Related PTSD Questionnaire on a sample of 620 Czech women. The factor validity of the scale, the internal consistency of the total scale and the subscales resulting from the factor analysis; and the criterion validity of the instrument are verified. With regard to...

ŠIMKOVÁ, D. Reproduction of an African elephant (Loxodonta africana) in a Zoo Zlín – Lešná. Mendel University in Brno, 2019. Diploma thesis. The thesis analyzes the issue of reproduction of critically endangered species of African elephant. The work is focused on monitoring of animal weight and blood test results during the reproductive cycle. The first part describes the general characteristics of the reproduction cycle of the African elephant, the issue of pregnancy and childbirth, and the female reproductive system. In the second part, there are given data from three particular elephants from the Zoo in Zlín. The data are processed into graphs and these are then commented on and compared with the conclusions of already conducted studies and scientific papers. At the end, all the knowledge and forecast of the African elephant reproduction in the Zoo - Lešná in the future are evaluated. All the results show that females are fully capable of reproduction and there is no need to make any changes in the breeding of these animals.

The aim of this work was to analyze the influence of the body frame of dairy Czech fleckvieh cattle on the birth weight of calves. It contains breeding of dairy cattle in the world, production and consumption of milk in the world and in the European Union, description of the breed Czech fleckvieh, linear description and reproduction of cattle. For this purpose were measured and weighted 123 dairy cows and 139 calves. The measurement took place during one calendar year from December 2017 to November 2018 (12 months). These parameters were measured in dairy cows: by using a measuring stick was measured hight at cross (in cm), hip widht (in cm), rump lenght (in cm), body depth (in cm); by using an animeter (tape measure for watching the weight increase in cattle) was measured the body circumference (in cm). In calves were recorded birth weight (in kg), hight at cross (in cm), oblique lenght of the body (in cm), the sex and type of the cattle births (1, 2, 3). It can be stated that a very prominent effect of the body frame of dairy cows on the birth weight of calves was found (p < 0,01). The results show that calves from dairy cows with the largest body frame (146 ≤ cm), respectively with the smallest body frame (≤ 135 cm) had the greatest average birth weight (42.6 kg, respectively 42.8 kg,) and the greatest height in the cross (79.2 cm, respectively 80.6 cm). The significant effect on the birth weight of calves had body weight of dairy cows (p < 0,05). The results show that calves from dairy cows with a weight ≤ 649 kg, respectively with a weight of 951 ≤ kg had an greatest average birth weight (43.8 kg, respectively 43.1 kg). Also there was a significant effect of multiple births on the birth weight of calves, where twin calves had an average birth weight 33.1 kg, while calves from single births had an average birth weight 42.4 kg. The influence of the sex of calves and the influence of the order of lactation on the birth weight of calves were statistically inconclusive.

KLETEČKOVÁ, D. Anonymous child abandonment in the Czech Republic. Prague: Faculty of Arts of Charles University in Prague, 2014. 131 s. Diploma thesis. In the theoretical part the student aims to map the situation of leaving children anonymously in the Czech Republic in comparison with selected countries in Europe, the history of this phenomenon, the current situation and possible insights into the future. Anonymous leaving of children is studied from several perspectives, in terms of legal, psychological, medical and mainly social point of view. In the empirical part the method of inquiry, namely the interview technique is used. For this purpose experts on the specific areas were interviewed - lawyers, psychologists, doctors and social workers. In the conclusion part the research data are evaluated and possible measures suggested. Key words Anonymous abandoment, secret delivery, babybox, family, child