Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-12-04T20:21:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RayanaHozanaBezerril_TESE.pdf: 1462425 bytes, checksum: cac67c7bf1570bf9fe04615be96e17d0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-09T23:46:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RayanaHozanaBezerril_TESE.pdf: 1462425 bytes, checksum: cac67c7bf1570bf9fe04615be96e17d0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-09T23:46:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RayanaHozanaBezerril_TESE.pdf: 1462425 bytes, checksum: cac67c7bf1570bf9fe04615be96e17d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-25 / Dentre as atividades econ?micas potencialmente poluidoras que comprometem a qualidade do solo e da ?gua subterr?nea est?o os postos revendedores de combust?veis. O vazamento de combust?veis derivados do petr?leo a partir de tanques subterr?neos ou atividades realizadas indevidamente com estes poluentes podem contaminar extensas ?reas, causando s?rios problemas ambientais e toxicol?gicos. O n?mero de postos de combust?veis cresceu desordenadamente, sem nenhum tipo de controle, com isso os impactos ambientais gerados por esses empreendimentos cresceram ocasionando a polui??o do solo e da ?gua subterr?nea. V?rias t?cnicas utilizando tensoativos t?m sido propostas para remedia??o deste tipo de contamina??o. Este estudo apresenta como inova??o a aplica??o de diferentes sistemas contendo tensoativos na fase vapor e compara suas efici?ncias de remo??o de diesel de um solo contendo esse contaminante. Para isso, foi utilizado um sistema que cont?m sete po?os injetores das seguintes solu??es vaporizadas : ?gua, solu??es de tensoativo, microemuls?o e nanoemuls?o, Os tensoativos utilizados foram o ?leo de Coco Saponificado (OCS), em solu??o aquosa e um ?lcool etoxilado UNTL-90: em solu??o aquosa, e em sistemas de microemuls?o e nanoemuls?o. Dentre os sistemas investigados, a nanoemuls?o foi a que apresentou maior efici?ncia de remo??o com 88% do diesel, sendo a mais vi?vel ecol?gica e tecnicamente por ser um sistema com menor teor de mat?ria ativa. / Among the potentially polluting economic activities that compromise the quality of soil and groundwater stations are fuel dealers. Leakage of oil derived fuels in underground tanks or activities improperly with these pollutants can contaminate large areas, causing serious environmental and toxicological problems. The number of gas stations grew haphazardly, without any kind of control, thus the environmental impacts generated by these enterprises grew causing pollution of soil and groundwater. Surfactants using various techniques have been proposed to remedy this kind of contamination. This study presents innovation as the application of different systems containing surfactant in the vapor phase and compares their diesel removal efficiencies of soil containing this contaminant. For this, a system that contains seven injection wells the following vaporized solutions: water, surfactant solution, microemulsion and nanoemulsion, The surfactants used were saponified coconut oil (OCS), in aqueous solution and an ethoxylated alcohol UNTL-90: aqueous solution , and nanoemulsion and microemulsion systems. Among the systems investigated, the nanoemulsion showed the highest efficiency, achieving 88% removal of residual phase diesel, the most ecologically and technically feasible by a system with lower content of active matter

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RaoniBA_DISSERT.pdf: 2283831 bytes, checksum: 9e3bfc1213fc5b5ac439fb175ddc5631 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-14 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The retail fuel stations are partially or potentially polluters and generators of environmental accidents, potentially causing contamination of underground and surface water bodies, soil and air. Leaks in fuel retail stations? underground storage systems are often detected in Brazil and around the world. Monoaromatic hydrocarbons, BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an indication of the presence of contamination due to its high toxicity. This paper presents a case study of contamination in a Fuel Retail Station by petroleum derivative products in the city of Natal. For identification and quantification of the hydrocarbons, EPA analytical methods were used. The values of benzene quantified by EPA method 8021b CG-PID/FID, ranged from 1.164 to 4.503 mg.Kg-1 in soil samples, and from 12.10 to 27,639 μg.L-1 in underground water samples. Among the PAHs, naphthalene and anthracene showed the most significant results in soil samples, 0.420 to 15.46 mg.Kg-1 and 0.110 to 0,970 mg.Kg-1, respectively. In underground water samples, the results for Naphthalene varied between 0.759 and 614.7 μg.L-1. PAHs were quantified by EPA Method 8270 for GCMS. All of the results for the chemical analysis were compared with the values for the CONAMA 420/2009 resolution. The results for benzene (27,639 μg.L-1) showed levels highly above the recommended by the CONAMA 420 resolution, wherein the maximum permissible for underground water is 5 μg.L-1. This is a worrying factor, since underground water makes up 70% of the city of Natal?s water supply / The retail fuel stations are partially or potentially polluters and generators of environmental accidents, potentially causing contamination of underground and surface water bodies, soil and air. Leaks in fuel retail stations? underground storage systems are often detected in Brazil and around the world. Monoaromatic hydrocarbons, BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an indication of the presence of contamination due to its high toxicity. This paper presents a case study of contamination in a Fuel Retail Station by petroleum derivative products in the city of Natal. For identification and quantification of the hydrocarbons, EPA analytical methods were used. The values of benzene quantified by EPA method 8021b CG-PID/FID, ranged from 1.164 to 4.503 mg.Kg-1 in soil samples, and from 12.10 to 27,639 μg.L-1 in underground water samples. Among the PAHs, naphthalene and anthracene showed the most significant results in soil samples, 0.420 to 15.46 mg.Kg-1 and 0.110 to 0,970 mg.Kg-1, respectively. In underground water samples, the results for Naphthalene varied between 0.759 and 614.7 μg.L-1. PAHs were quantified by EPA Method 8270 for GCMS. All of the results for the chemical analysis were compared with the values for the CONAMA 420/2009 resolution. The results for benzene (27,639 μg.L-1) showed levels highly above the recommended by the CONAMA 420 resolution, wherein the maximum permissible for underground water is 5 μg.L-1. This is a worrying factor, since underground water makes up 70% of the city of Natal?s water supply

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:08:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HerculesLAS_DISSERT.pdf: 3304337 bytes, checksum: 041717a4cfd116130802eab3678923c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-01-31 / Among the potentially polluting economic activities that compromise the quality of groundwater are the gas stations. The city of Natal has about 120 gas stations, of which only has an environmental license for operation. Discontinuities in the offices were notified by the Public Ministry of Rio Grande do Norte to carry out the environmental adaptations, among which is the investigation of environmental liabilities. The preliminary and confirmatory stages of this investigation consisted in the evaluation of soil gas surveys with two confirmatory chemical analysis of BTEX, PAH and TPH. To get a good evaluation and interpretation of results obtained in the field, it became necessary three-dimensional representation of them. We used a CAD software to graph the equipment installed in a retail service station fuel in Natal, as well as the plumes of contamination by volatile organic compounds. The tool was concluded that contamination is not located in the current system of underground storage of fuel development, but reflects the historical past in which tanks were removed not tight gasoline and diesel / Dentre as atividades econ?micas potencialmente poluidoras que comprometem a qualidade das ?guas subterr?neas est?o os Postos Revendedores de Combust?veis. A cidade do Natal possui cerca de 120 postos de combust?veis, dos quais, apenas um possui licen?a ambiental de opera??o. Os postos em desconformidade foram notificados pelo Minist?rio P?blico do Rio Grande do Norte para realizarem as adequa??es ambientais, dentre as quais est? a investiga??o de passivo ambiental. As fases preliminar e confirmat?ria desta investiga??o consistiram na avalia??o de gases do solo com duas sondagens confirmat?rias para an?lises qu?micas de BTEX, HPA e TPH. Para obter-se uma boa avalia??o e interpreta??o dos resultados obtidos no campo, se fez necess?rio a representa??o tridimensional dos mesmos. Utilizou-se um software CAD para representar graficamente os equipamentos instalados em um posto revendedor de combust?vel em Natal/RN, assim como as plumas de contamina??o por compostos org?nicos vol?teis. A partir desta ferramenta foi poss?vel concluir que a contamina??o n?o est? localizada no atual Sistema de Armazenamento Subterr?neo de Combust?vel do empreendimento, mas reflete o hist?rico passado em que foram removidos tanques n?o estanques de gasolina e diesel