Thesis (Ph.D.)--Virginia Commonwealth University, 2009. / Prepared for: Dept. of Maternal Child Nursing. Title from title-page of electronic thesis. Bibliography: leaves 104-116.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

<p><strong>Bakgrund:</strong> Postpartum depressioner (PPD), en förlossningsdepression, drabbar kvinnor i hela världen. En långvarig postpartum depression hos kvinnan kan ha avgörande konsekvenser för utvecklingen av hennes barn och relationen till hennes partner. Många kvinnor lider i tystnad då de inte vet att det finns en förklaring till känslorna de genomgår eller att de skäms för att inte klara av att leva upp till bilden av den ”perfekta mamman”. <strong>Syfte: </strong>Att beskriva upplevelser av postpartum depression hos vuxna kvinnor diagnostiserade med PPD.</p><p><strong>Metod: </strong>Sju vetenskapliga artiklar användes för att genomföra denna systematiska litteraturstudier med en induktiv ansats. <strong>Resultat:</strong> Utifrån frågan ”vilka gemensamma upplevelser genomgår kvinnor med PPD”? Framkom sju teman: misslyckande, stress, ensamhet, inre strid, förlust av kontroll, rädsla och skam. <strong>Slutsats: </strong>Hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal inom MHV (Mödrahälsovård) och BHV (Barnahälsovård) kan lättare upptäcka tidiga symtom och tecken hos nyblivna mammor med postpartum depression genom att förstå deras upplevelser av PPD, och därmed förhindra en långvarig depression.</p><p> </p><p><p> </p><p> </p></p><p> </p><p> </p><p><p> </p><p> </p></p><p> </p><p> </p><p><p><p> </p><p> </p></p></p>

abstract: The trained singer utilizes an awareness of her body as an instrument. When she becomes pregnant, her body changes in numerous ways to support the pregnancy. Many of these changes have great impact on her ability to sing during the pregnancy and postpartum periods. The voice may be altered positively or negatively by the release of hormones. The body undergoes many changes that affect the posture and breathing required for singing. Most notably, the abdominal muscles are greatly impacted by the pregnancy. They are stretched by the growing uterus, and this affects their function. In addition, the linea alba (the connective tissue between the halves of the rectus abdominis) is softened by hormonal increases and subject to stretching as the uterus grows, predisposing it to weakness. Since the other abdominal muscles attach to the linea alba via connective tissue, maintaining the integrity of the linea alba during pregnancy and postpartum is vital to the operational function of the abdominal muscles. Protecting the vulnerable linea alba must be deliberately undertaken in two parts. First, conscious exercise is needed to preserve the linea alba during pregnancy and to rehabilitate it after pregnancy. Targeted exercises strengthen the transverse abdominis and shorten and approximate the two halves of the rectus abdominis. Second, modifications in daily movement are necessary to protect the linea alba while performing routine activities. Cesarean sections present additional surgical concerns for singers, including abdominal incisions, use of medication, and the rare need for general anesthesia via intubation. Recovery from a cesarean can be difficult due to abdominal pain, yet steps may be taken to speed healing at the hospital and at home. This paper provides an overview of how pregnancy affects the singer, discusses the effects of pregnancy and cesarean section, and provides a plan to protect the abdominal muscles during pregnancy and rehabilitate them in the postpartum period. It combines information from the fields of physical therapy, medicine, and surgery into a guide for the singer and voice teacher. / Dissertation/Thesis / D.M.A. Music 2013

M.Cur. (Advanced Midwifery and Neonatal Nursing) / The incidence of puerperal depression was explored amongst the Soweto population. A total of 170 women were interviewed at Baragwanath Hospital. 12 satellite clinics. and one private clinic. The women were interviewed during their sixth-week postnatal follow-up with regard to their social and obstetric histories in order to establish the factors which predispose mothers to puerperal depression. A Pitt Depression Inventory was used to assess the postpartum disturbances and depressive symptomatologies experienced by the women. Data analysis revealed that the incidence of postpartum depression is 20.1%. The results of this study are consistent with some of the findings of other researchers. The results revealed a strong relationship between physical stress psychiatric history and depressive symptoms. Other researchers have found puerperal depression to be triggered by social stresses. This was not the case with this study. Guidelines have been given regarding early identification prevention and management of puerperal depression.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(医学) / 乙第13069号 / 論医博第2124号 / 新制||医||1019(附属図書館) / 33220 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 小川 修, 教授 篠原 隆司, 教授 斎藤 通紀 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

Masters in Medicine (MMed) in Obstetrics and Gynaecology dissertation for submission 2013 / Emergency contraception (EC) has been shown in observational studies to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse. EC is available in South Africa (SA) in the public and private health sectors, without prescription. Prior studies of EC in SA demonstrated a low level of EC awareness. Establishing the awareness of EC among women in the greater Soweto region that attend the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH) for delivery may give us an indication of the need for education on emergency contraceptive methods. We will aim also to establish where women would prefer to source their EC, once a basic understanding of EC is conveyed. The need for targeted education and media campaigns has been demonstrated to improve EC awareness in other countries and this should be considered when programs are instituted to get wider coverage. It would be advantageous to have insight as to the sources of current EC information and client preferences. OBJECTIVE: The main aim of this study is to establish awareness and knowledge of EC in postpartum women at CHBAH. Secondary objectives were to establish the source of the information, and differences in women who were aware of the method from those who were unaware. We also assessed the woman’s planned pregnancy rate for their pregnancy, previous and current pregnancy. The final objective is to determine if there is a willingness to use EC among this population, after informing all women about the method.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the expectations and experiences first-time mothers have before, during, and after pregnancy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with fifteen first-time mothers, who gave birth within eighteen months before the date of the interview, and an additional interview was included with a first-time pregnant woman in her third trimester (N=16). The method of analysis was based on grounded theory, including line-by-line coding, focused coding and memo writing. Several themes emerged in the process. Approximately 70 percent of the women in this study became pregnant unintentionally. All of them described a certain amount of anxiety and fear about giving birth and becoming a mother. The measures taken in regard to activities and nutrition to improve pregnancy outcome were described. The most disconcerting findings were how the birth went for many of the women and the subject of postpartum emotional difficulties. Another theme was the different factors that negatively influenced the experience of giving birth. All of the women wanted to give birth vaginally and without medication, but seven of the women had to have medical interventions during birth - were administered Pitocin, mechanically induced, or had C-sections - which influenced their postpartum mental and emotional state severely. The disappointment after complications and diversions from a birth plan were significant. Fifty percent of the participating women reported to have suffered from postpartum emotional disorders, and three of them did not seek any help. Feelings of failure and low self-value due to emotional difficulties were described several times and also appeared in relation with body image issues. Physical changes, during and after pregnancy, were another major theme among the women. Transitions in their relationships were also mentioned in the interviews. Concluding, self-stigmatization was a main thread throughout the interviews. These findings are analyzed in relation to existing literature and the implications for future research are being discussed.

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a medicalized condition that exists on a continuum of postpartum mood disorders. PPD is reported to be experienced by 10-15% of mothers and 10% of fathers during pregnancy or after the birth of a baby. PPD, as experienced by either parent, is considered a serious condition because of its potential short- and long-term negative impacts on the developing child. In this thesis I explore how motherhood and fatherhood are constructed in the context of articles on maternal and paternal PPD in Canadian and American newspapers. Specifically, I focus on how references to the opposite partner were used to position each parent, and how each parent was positioned with respect to the new baby. In the articles on maternal PPD, husbands were either inconsequential to the story, positioned as being absent, or constructed as supporting the mother through instrumental and action-oriented behaviours. In addition, mothers were constructed as lonely and isolated because of self-imposed limitations (e.g., feeling ashamed for not being happy). In the articles on paternal PPD, the mother-father relationship was based on differences and competition. Fathers were constructed as isolated, lonely and misunderstood, most often through mother-blaming, such as by positioning the mother as responsible for the father’s well-being (e.g., causing his PPD), and by labelling PPD “a woman’s domain.” Fathers’ loneliness was presented as being due to imposed limitations of others (e.g., others did not properly prepare fathers for fatherhood). Mothering was constructed as being instinctually skilled, tolerant, and self-sacrificing, with the inherent capability to manage multiple roles and changes. The mother-baby relationship was constructed as naturally joyful, all-important and –consuming. Fathers were not expected to be as skilled or instinctively prepared and tolerant, to engage in chores/childcare, or to be explicitly overjoyed with the baby. Mothers were blamed for their distress in the role, while others were blamed for fathers’ distresses. Gendered stereotypes in the parenting role were perpetuated in these newspaper articles. Parenthood was not constructed as a collaboration, but rather motherhood and fatherhood stood in isolation from each other, with motherhood positioned as the primary role. These constructions continue to maintain fathers in the background of parenthood as an “other,” and to position mothers as responsible for the well-being of her partner, child(ren) and herself.