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Etude et réalisation d’un convertisseur AC/DC Buck Boost réversible à haut rendement pour alimentation de secours / Study and realization of high efficiency Buck Boost reversible AC/DC power converter for back-up power supplyHernandez, Lucas 03 February 2017 (has links)
Les Alimentations Sans Interruption (ASI) ont pour rôle de protéger les charges sensibles. Leur utilisation nécessite l’usage de convertisseur de puissance AC/DC triphasé abaisseur et/ou élévateur de tension. Les ASI utilisent généralement une chaîne de conversion DC/DC+DC/AC ayant un rendement aux alentours de et sont souvent employées de façon continue. L’objectif de cette thèse est donc d’étudier un convertisseur DC/AC triphasé réversible en puissance susceptible de fonctionner en abaisseur et en élévateur de tension pour atteindre un rendement souhaité de 98% avec un minimum de 97,5%. L’étude s’oriente vers des architectures de convertisseurs peu conventionnelles, l’utilisation de semi-conducteurs grand gap (SiC) et de composants passifs à faible pertes. Une méthode de comparaison rapide qui est à la fois analytique et numérique est présentée pour dimensionner ces architectures en se basant sur les caractéristiques fournies par les constructeurs. La solution ‘Gradateur Onduleur Différentiel’ a été jugée comme la plus adaptée à nos besoins. Les choix techniques pour ce convertisseur sont détaillés, puis une étude de faisabilité présentée. Le convertisseur retenu est non linéaire et sa commande utilise des principes de fonctionnement atypiques, différentes stratégies de régulation sont donc présentées. Des tests sont effectués pour valider la commande mise en place et réaliser les essais fonctionnels et mesures de rendement. Enfin les résultats sont comparés aux prévisions et la solution proposée est finalement globalement comparée à la chaîne de conversion AC/DC+DC/DC classique. / Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) aim at quasi-instantaneous protection of critical loads. A DC to 3-phase AC stepup/stepdown converter is needed. For UPS, energy transfer using battery generally uses a 2-stage DC/DC+DC/AC conversion with an efficiency close to 96%. UPS are generally running permanently. The goal of this PhD is to optimize this conversion chain to aim at a target efficiency of 98% with a minimum requirement of 97%. To achieve this, our study will start with a survey of reversible architectures with both stepup and stepdown capability. Using wide bandgap semi-conductors and low-loss passive components are also part of this study. The power converter topologies are compared with a quick dimensioning method wich use both analytic analyse and simulation to realised an element selection based on characteristic given by the constructors. Eligible power converters are evaluated and compared and the “AC chopper+Inverter” architecture is found to best match our requirements. Then the technical choices of the power converter are detailed and a feasibility study is presented for the worst-case scenario. The selected power converter topology is non-linear and its control includes specific states, different strategies for the network and DC line electric parameter regulation are presented. To allow the verification of the proposed regulation, functional tests and efficiency measurement at different points are realised on the prototype. As a conclusion, the results gathered with the prototype are compared to those of a more conventional AC/DC+DC/DC power chain.
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Análise, projeto e desenvolvimento de sistemas multiníveis híbridos / Analysis, design and development of hybrid multilevel systemsRech, Cassiano 21 March 2005 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This Ph.D. Dissertation presents contributions to the study of hybrid multilevel systems, analyzing several issues that compose this system, such as: topological variations
of the output inverter stage and input rectifier stage, design methodologies, modulation strategies and control system. This extensive analysis is carried out because these issues are closely related, so that a modification in any element can affect the overall system performance. Initially, due to the enormous flexibility and large complexity to design hybrid multilevel converters, this work proposes a unified analysis for these converters, which are composed of several series-connected cells with distinct voltage levels, modulation strategies, topologies and/or semiconductor technologies. This unified analysis includes a detailed comparative analysis among distinct topologies and a new generalized design methodology. Different configurations of hybrid converters are proposed from this new design methodology, depending on the specifications imposed to the multilevel system. Therefore, this work can be used as a valuable tool to define an adequate hybrid configuration for a specific application. After, this work also proposes a new arrangement to implement the isolated voltage sources of the series-connected cells that compose a hybrid multilevel inverter. This new arrangement is based on the multipulse connection of
uncontrolled rectifiers processing distinct power levels, unlike conventional multipulse converters. A new design methodology for this input stage is proposed in this work,
defining the phase shifts among the secondaries of the isolation transformer to eliminate dominant harmonics from the current drawn from the utility grid even when the active
power levels processed by rectifiers are different. This work also investigates the impact of the hybrid multilevel modulation strategy on the harmonic contents of the output voltages and input currents. After to demonstrate the negative impact of the modulation strategy on the input harmonic performance for some operating points, this Ph.D. Dissertation proposes a new modulation strategy that makes possible, together with an asymmetrical multipulse connection of rectifiers, to eliminate undesired harmonics from the input current in any operating point without affecting the output harmonic performance. Beyond these issues, this work also includes a qualitative analysis about hybrid multilevel inverters
operating as actuators in closed-loop systems, to motivate a discussion about this new subject. Finally, several experimental results are presented to demonstrate the practical feasibility of some proposals of this Ph.D. Dissertation. / Esta Tese de Doutorado apresenta contribuições ao estudo de sistemas multiníveis híbridos, investigando vários temas que compõem esse sistema, tais como: variações
topológicas do estágio inversor de saída e do estágio retificador de entrada, metodologias de projeto, estratégias de modulação e sistema de controle. Isso se deve principalmente ao fato que esses temas estão intimamente relacionados, de tal forma que uma alteração em qualquer elemento do sistema pode modificar o desempenho do todo. Inicialmente, devido à enorme flexibilidade e grande complexidade para projetar conversores multiníveis híbridos, esse trabalho realiza uma abordagem unificada desses conversores, que são compostos de várias células em série, com valores de tensão, estratégias de modulação, topologias e/ou tecnologias de semicondutores diferentes. Essa abordagem inclui uma análise comparativa entre várias topologias e uma nova metodologia de projeto generalizada.
Assim, esse trabalho pode ser usado como uma importante ferramenta para definir um conversor híbrido adequado para uma determinada aplicação. Posteriormente, esse trabalho
também propõe um novo arranjo para implementar as fontes de tensão isoladas das células que compõem um inversor multinível híbrido. Esse novo arranjo é baseado na conexão
multipulso de retificadores não controlados que, ao contrário dos conversores multipulso convencionais, processam níveis distintos de potência. Uma nova metodologia de projeto
generalizada é proposta nesse trabalho para esse estágio de entrada, determinando os ângulos de defasagem entre os secundários do transformador de isolação para eliminar
harmônicas dominantes da corrente drenada da rede pública de energia, mesmo quando os retificadores processam níveis distintos de potência ativa. Esse trabalho também investiga
o impacto da estratégia de modulação híbrida tanto no conteúdo harmônico das tensões de saída quanto no conteúdo harmônico das correntes de entrada. Após demonstrar o impacto negativo da estratégia de modulação no desempenho harmônico de entrada em alguns pontos de operação, essa Tese propõe uma nova estratégia de modulação que torna possível, juntamente com uma conexão multipulso assimétrica de retificadores, eliminar harmônicas dominantes da corrente de entrada em qualquer ponto de operação sem prejudicar o conteúdo harmônico das tensões de saída. Além desses assuntos, esse trabalho também realiza uma breve análise qualitativa do desempenho de inversores multiníveis híbridos em sistemas de controle em malha fechada, com o intuito de iniciar uma discussão sobre esse novo tema. Por fim, diversos resultados experimentais, tanto do estágio inversor de saída quanto do estágio retificador de entrada, são apresentados para demonstrar a viabilidade prática de algumas propostas dessa Tese de Doutorado.
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Modeling and Control of a Three Phase Voltage Source Inverter with an LCL FilterJanuary 2015 (has links)
abstract: This thesis addresses the design and control of three phase inverters. Such inverters are
used to produce three-phase sinusoidal voltages and currents from a DC source. They
are critical for injecting power from renewable energy sources into the grid. This is
especially true since many of these sources of energy are DC sources (e.g. solar
photovoltaic) or need to be stored in DC batteries because they are intermittent (e.g. wind
and solar). Two classes of inverters are examined in this thesis. A control-centric design
procedure is presented for each class. The first class of inverters is simple in that they
consist of three decoupled subsystems. Such inverters are characterized by no mutual
inductance between the three phases. As such, no multivariable coupling is present and
decentralized single-input single-output (SISO) control theory suffices to generate
acceptable control designs. For this class of inverters several families of controllers are
addressed in order to examine command following as well as input disturbance and noise
attenuation specifications. The goal here is to illuminate fundamental tradeoffs. Such
tradeoffs include an improvement in the in-band command following and output
disturbance attenuation versus a deterioration in out-of-band noise attenuation.
A fundamental deficiency associated with such inverters is their large size. This can be
remedied by designing a smaller core. This naturally leads to the second class of inverters
considered in this work. These inverters are characterized by significant mutual
inductances and multivariable coupling. As such, SISO control theory is generally not
adequate and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) theory becomes essential for
controlling these inverters. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Electrical Engineering 2015
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Impact of Converter Interfaced Generation and Load on Grid PerformanceJanuary 2017 (has links)
abstract: Alternate sources of energy such as wind, solar photovoltaic and fuel cells are coupled to the power grid with the help of solid state converters. Continued deregulation of the power sector coupled with favorable government incentives has resulted in the rapid growth of renewable energy sources connected to the distribution system at a voltage level of 34.5kV or below. Of late, many utilities are also investing in these alternate sources of energy with the point of interconnection with the power grid being at the transmission level. These converter interfaced generation along with their associated control have the ability to provide the advantage of fast control of frequency, voltage, active, and reactive power. However, their ability to provide stability in a large system is yet to be investigated in detail. This is the primary objective of this research.
In the future, along with an increase in the percentage of converter interfaced renewable energy sources connected to the transmission network, there exists a possibility of even connecting synchronous machines to the grid through converters. Thus, all sources of energy can be expected to be coupled to the grid through converters. The control and operation of such a grid will be unlike anything that has been encountered till now. In this dissertation, the operation and behavior of such a grid will be investigated. The first step in such an analysis will be to build an accurate and simple mathematical model to represent the corresponding components in commercial software. Once this bridge has been crossed, conventional machines will be replaced with their solid state interfaced counterparts in a phased manner. At each stage, attention will be devoted to the control of these sources and also on the stability performance of the large power system.
This dissertation addresses various concerns regarding the control and operation of a futuristic power grid. In addition, this dissertation also aims to address the issue of whether a requirement may arise to redefine operational reliability criteria based on the results obtained. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Electrical Engineering 2017
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Soft-Switching Techniques of Power Conversion System in Automotive ChargersJanuary 2017 (has links)
abstract: This thesis investigates different unidirectional topologies for the on-board charger in an electric vehicle and proposes soft-switching solutions in both the AC/DC and DC/DC stage of the converter with a power rating of 3.3 kW. With an overview on different charger topologies and their applicability with respect to the target specification a soft-switching technique to reduce the switching losses of a single phase boost-type PFC is proposed. This work is followed by a modification to the popular soft-switching topology, the dual active bridge (DAB) converter for application requiring unidirectional power flow. The topology named as the semi-dual active bridge (S-DAB) is obtained by replacing the fully active (four switches) bridge on the load side of a DAB by a semi-active (two switches and two diodes) bridge. The operating principles, waveforms in different intervals and expression for power transfer, which differ significantly from the basic DAB topology, are presented in detail. The zero-voltage switching (ZVS) characteristics and requirements are analyzed in detail and compared to those of DAB. A small-signal model of the new configuration is also derived. The analysis and performance of S-DAB are validated through extensive simulation and experimental results from a hardware prototype.
Secondly, a low-loss auxiliary circuit for a power factor correction (PFC) circuit to achieve zero voltage transition is also proposed to improve the efficiency and operating frequency of the converter. The high dynamic energy generated in the switching node during turn-on is diverted by providing a parallel path through an auxiliary inductor and a transistor placed across the main inductor. The paper discusses the operating principles, design, and merits of the proposed scheme with hardware validation on a 3.3 kW/ 500 kHz PFC prototype. Modifications to the proposed zero voltage transition (ZVT) circuit is also investigated by implementing two topological variations. Firstly, an integrated magnetic structure is built combining the main inductor and auxiliary inductor in a single core reducing the total footprint of the circuit board. This improvement also reduces the size of the auxiliary capacitor required in the ZVT operation. The second modification redirects the ZVT energy from the input end to the DC link through additional half-bridge circuit and inductor. The half-bridge operating at constant 50% duty cycle simulates a switching leg of the following DC/DC stage of the converter. A hardware prototype of the above-mentioned PFC and DC/DC stage was developed and the operating principles were verified using the same. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Electrical Engineering 2017
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Optimisation de l'architecture et de la commande de la chaîne électrique d'une hydrolienne fluviale : conception et réalisation / Optimization of the architecture and control of the electrical system of a fluvial cross-flow current turbine : design and experimentationHauck, Matthieu 02 December 2011 (has links)
Le but de cette thèse est le développement et l'optimisation de la chaine électrique d'une hydrolienne fluviale. L'approche est d'abord traitée en simulation pour ensuite finir par la conception et la mise au point d'un prototype. La partie simulation concerne la modélisation des ensembles turbines, génératrices et électronique de puissance mais aussi le développement des diverses lois de commandes. Ces commandes peuvent intervenir à différents niveaux du contrôle jusqu'à la supervision complète du système, permettant de gérer des défauts, des algorithmes de MPPT (extraction maximale de puissance), des synchronisations entre colonne, ... Le prototype d'hydrolienne fluviale sera ensuite présenté, de la mise au point des parties mécaniques jusqu'aux résultats expérimentaux. Les travaux nombreux autour de ce prototype ont permis d'obtenir des résultats satisfaisants et encourageants qui corroborent la théorie. / The purpose of this thesis is the development and optimization of the electrical system of a fluvial cross-flow current turbine. The approach is first treated in simulation and then eventually with the design and development of a prototype. The simulation section deals with the modeling of turbines groups, generators and power electronics, as well as the development of various control laws. These controls may have an influence at different levels of the control strategies up to the complete system supervision for fault management, MPPT (maximum power extraction) algorithms, turbine columns synchronization... The fluvial cross-flow current turbine prototype will then be presented, from the development of the mechanical parts to the experimental results. The various works involving the prototype have yielded satisfactory and encouraging results that corroborate the theory.
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Um sistema eletrônico de 2kW para emulação/simulação experimental da característica estática de saída, tensão (versus) corrente, de sistemas de geração com células combustível tipo PEMMelo, Guilherme de Azevedo e [UNESP] 21 December 2006 (has links) (PDF)
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melo_ga_me_ilha.pdf: 6893159 bytes, checksum: a70518b6cdac1869ab5705bc69904150 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento e implementação de um emulador para a característica estática de saída (Tensão versus Corrente) equivalente àquela de fontes de energia com células combustível. O emulador apresenta como vantagens, em relação à aquisição de uma FC, o baixo custo, o reduzido espaço físico e a flexibilidade via software para a implementação de diversas características baseadas em diferentes tipos de células combustível. Neste sentido, o emulador proposto permite a realização de ensaios preliminares durante a fase de projeto e os testes dinâmicos dos subsistemas de condicionamento de energia, sem a necessidade do acoplamento com o sistema de geração à células combustível, reduzindo-se os custos associados a estes testes laboratoriais. O emulador proposto consiste em um conversor Buck isolado Full-Bridge, com potência de saída de 2kW e alimentação via barramento de 400VCC, permitindo a emulação da característica nominal de saída de um conjunto de células tipo PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane - Membrana de Troca Protônica), em uma faixa de tensão de saída variando entre 32VCC e 72VCC, dependendo da corrente drenada pela carga. O circuito principal de controle é realizado através... / This work presents a design and implementation of an emulator to the static output characteristic (Voltage versus Current) that is similar to Fuel Cell generators. There are many advantages on using the Fuel Cell emulator. The emulator is cheaper, smaller and more flexible than the real Fuel Cell systems, because it is possible to emulate different characteristics through the use of a computer. In this context, a Fuel Cell emulator is proposed in this work in order to allow laboratory testes in the power conditioning system during its design and development stage. The proposed emulator is an insulated Full-Bridge converter with Buck operation, 2kW output power and 400VCC input voltage. This emulator achieves the output characteristic of a PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) Fuel Cell stack with output voltage range of 32VCC to 72VCC, depending on the output current. The main control circuit is based on FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and VHDL (Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language) language. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed emulator achieves the output static characteristic of the PEMFC Fuel Cell System and this output characteristic can be easily modified in order to obtain another desirable static... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Metodologia de síntese de topologias ZVT simplificadas aplicadas a pólos PWM bidirecionais / Synthesis methodology for simplified ZVT topologies applied to bidirectional PWM polesBeltrame, Rafael Concatto 27 November 2009 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Among the soft-switching techniques, the zero-voltage-transition (ZVT) technique has been accepted well by the industry due its attractive characteristics, such as simplicity, low losses in the auxiliary commutation circuit (ACC), operation with soft-switching for a wide load range, and closest operation to the PWM converter counterpart. In three-phase voltage-source inverters (multipole converters), a substantial diversity of ZVT topologies has been proposed to improve the performance
of the converters, such as the ZVT circuits with six auxiliary switches, which meet the demand for high efficiency, low current and voltage stresses in semiconductor devices, and operation in high
switching frequency. Aiming to make the ZVT multipole converter even more attractive to the industry, many topologies have been proposed to reduce the number of auxiliary switches and, consequently, the cost related to the ACC, by means of an integrated auxiliary circuit that provides conditions to commutate every semiconductor device of the multipole converter under zero-voltage
condition. Regrettably, these structures introduce some restrictions on converter operation, such as the
requirement for synchronized switching events in the PWM poles, resulting in more complex modulation techniques, with poorer power quality than the six auxiliary switch ZVT. To avoid these restrictions, simplified ACCs have been proposed, where the ACC is simplified individually per PWM pole. An important consequence of this approach is that the PWM poles can be modulated independently in multipole applications, allowing the application of any modulation strategy. However, the known simplified ZVT topologies were derived by multiple attempts due to the lack of a synthesis methodology, as had been proposed to integrated topologies. Thus, this work proposes a
novel concept to generate simplified ZVT topologies to each bidirectional PWM pole. With the proposed methodology, the already known simplified ZVT topologies are systematized, as well as new topologies can be derived. Additionally, in order to address the benefits and constraints of integrated and simplified ZVT topologies, in this work a comparison is made between the concepts of integration and simplification of ZVT auxiliary circuits applied to bidirectional PWM poles, where the concepts of each approach are defined, recognizing their main advantages and limitations. So, the modulation strategies, the resulting losses in the main and auxiliary circuits and the harmonic content of the
voltage synthesized by two selected topologies are theoretically and experimentally analyzed. Therefore, it is demonstrated that when the load demands a voltage with low harmonic content, the simplified ZVT topologies are indicated. However, when the number of components in the auxiliary circuit is the main concern, the integrated ZVT topologies can be employed. / Entre as técnicas de comutação suave propostas na literatura, a técnica de comutação transição sob
tensão nula (Zero-Voltage-Transition ZVT) tem sido bem aceita pela indústria em função de suas características atrativas, como simplicidade, baixas perdas no circuito de auxílio à comutação (CAC), condições de comutação sob zero de tensão asseguradas para uma ampla faixa de cargas e operação próxima a do conversor equivalente dissipativo. Em aplicações com inversores trifásicos alimentados em
tensão (conversores multipólos), uma grande variedade de topologias ZVT tem sido proposta no sentido de
aprimorar o desempenho dos conversores, como as topologias ZVT com seis chaves semicondutoras auxiliares, as quais atendem a demanda por alta eficiência, baixos esforços de tensão e corrente sobre os dispositivos semicondutores, e operação em freqüências elevadas. Buscando tornar as topologias ZVT aplicadas a conversores multipólos ainda mais atrativas a aplicações industriais, inúmeras topologias ZVT
integradas, as quais proporcionam condições de comutação sob zero de tensão a todos os dispositivos semicondutores do conversor por meio de um CAC com um número reduzido de chaves semicondutoras auxiliares, têm sido propostas. Infelizmente, essas estruturas introduzem restrições à operação do conversor, resultando em estratégias de modulação complexas, com um conteúdo harmônico nas tensões sintetizadas superior ao observado nas topologias contendo seis chaves auxiliares. Com o objetivo de evitar
as restrições mencionadas, CACs simplificados têm sido propostos, onde o CAC é simplificado individualmente em cada pólo PWM do conversor. Como uma importante conseqüência dessa abordagem, os pólos PWM podem ser modulados independentemente, permitindo a aplicação de qualquer estratégia de modulação convencional. Entretanto, diferentemente das topologias ZVT integradas, para as quais a
literatura apresenta propostas de metodologias de síntese, as topologias ZVT simplificadas são obtidas sem um procedimento definido. Assim, esse trabalho propõe um novo conceito para sintetizar topologias ZVT simplificadas aplicadas a cada pólo PWM bidirecional do conversor. Com a metodologia de síntese proposta, as topologias ZVT simplificadas já publicadas são sistematizadas, assim como novas topologias podem ser obtidas. Adicionalmente, com o objetivo de identificar os benefícios e as restrições inerentes às topologias ZVT integradas e simplificadas, esse trabalho propõe uma análise comparativa entre ambas as abordagens, onde os conceitos de cada abordagem são definidos, reconhecendo suas vantagens e limitações. Ainda, as estratégias de modulação, as perdas resultantes nos circuitos principal e auxiliar do conversor, e o conteúdo harmônico das tensões sintetizadas por duas topologias selecionadas são
comparados teórica e experimentalmente. Assim, demonstra-se que quando a aplicação demanda um CAC com um reduzido número de componentes auxiliares, as topologias ZVT integradas são as indicadas. Por outro lado, quando a aplicação exige um baixo conteúdo harmônico nas variáveis de interesse, as topologias ZVT simplificadas são a alternativa, já que não comprometem os graus de liberdade na
modulação do conversor.
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Conversor CC-CA utilizando célula ZVTDequigiovani, Tiago 26 April 2014 (has links)
Este trabalho trata sobre a utilização de técnicas de comutação suave aplicadas `a conversores estáticos de potência. A técnica analisada em particular consiste em proporcionar comutação em zero de tensão aos interruptores controlados, sendo referenciada na literatura como Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS). Dentre as diversas topologias de circuitos que implementam a técnica ZVS, neste trabalho é utilizada uma célula de comutação Zero Voltage Transition (ZVT), no qual utiliza interruptores controlados e elementos em paralelo com o circuito principal. O foco do trabalho é a aplicação desta célula ZVT a um conversor CC-CA PWM monofásico com saída senoidal. Nesse sentido inicialmente é feita uma revisão das topologias básicas dos inversores, é das técnicas PWM utilizadas para obtenção de saída senoidal. São apresentados os circuitos ZVT convencional e aprimorado descritos na literatura, no qual o ZVT aprimorado é empregado ao conversor CC-CA ponte completa. São apresentadas as etapas de funcionamento e análise matemática. É descrita uma metodologia de projeto para a determinação dos componentes do circuito auxiliar, com base em restrições definidas para o correto funcionamento da célula e das características dos semicondutores utilizados como chave. Um protótipo do conversor é implementado em laboratório para a validação do projeto, verificação das formas de onda nos interruptores e análise do rendimento. Outros dois circuitos de auxílio à comutação são implementados para efeitos de comparação, sendo o circuito ZVT convencional e o dissipativo snubber de Undeland. Os resultados experimentais comprovam a obtenção da comutação suave nos interruptores e o conversor apresentou rendimento de no mínimo 1% superior ao ZVT convencional e 2% ao snubber de Undeland, valores estes para toda a faixa de carga. / This paper discusses above the application of soft-switching techniques to static power conver-ters. The technique discussed in particular consists in provide zero voltage switching (ZVS) to controlled switches. Among the various circuit topologies to implement the ZVS technique, in this work is used a cell Zero-Voltage Transition (ZVT), in which uses controlled switches and
elements in parallel with the main circuit. The main objective of the work is the application of this cell ZVT to a single-phase PWM inverter with sinusoidal output. In this sense initially is
made a review of the basic topologies of inverters , and of the PWM techniques used to obtain sinusoidal output. Are presented the circuits ZVT conventional and improved described in the literature, in which the improved ZVT is employed on DC-AC full bridge converter. Steps of operation and mathematical analysis are presented. A design methodology is described for the
determination of the components of the auxiliary circuit, based on constraints set for the correct functioning of the cell and of the characteristics of semiconductor. A prototype of the converter is implemented in the laboratory for the validation of the project, verification of waveforms the
switches and analysis of efficiency. This converter is compared with other two circuits, ZVT conventional and the Undeland snubber. Experimental results show the achievement of soft switching the switches and the converter presenting an efficiency of at least 1% over for the ZVT conventional and 2% to the undeland snubber, these values for all load range.
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Projeto e desenvolvimento de um emulador de arranjo fotovoltaico utilizando um conversor CC-CC trifásico PWMViglus, Francisco José 06 February 2015 (has links)
CAPES / Este trabalho apresenta um estudo voltado ao projeto e desenvolvimento de um emulador de painéis fotovoltaicos. O emulador é composto por uma fonte de alimentação de 4 kW capaz de fornecer tensões e correntes cujo comportamento se assemelha ao comportamento de um arranjo de painéis fotovoltaicos. A estrutura de potência da fonte de alimentação é constituída por um conversor CC-CC Full-Bridge trifásico. Este conversor, isolado em alta frequência, garante menor volume e segurança para um equipamento de laboratório. Estima-se que este trabalho possa ser aplicado no teste de inversores fotovoltaicos com métodos de MPPT com respostas dinâmicas de até 300Hz. A estratégia de controle se baseia na solução numérica do modelo matemático de uma célula fotovoltaica de onde se extrai uma referência de corrente que, a partir de adequações, é imposta à carga ligada ao emulador. Desta forma, é apresentada uma metodologia de projeto da fonte de alimentação proposta. Por fim, são apresentados os resultados práticos que comprovam a funcionalidade do emulador. / This work presents a study, design, and development of a 4 kW photovoltaic array emulator. The emulator is composed of a power supply capable of delivering voltages and currents whose behavior resembles the behavior of a photovoltaic array. The structure of this power supply consists of a three-phase full-bridge DC-DC converter. This high frequency isolated converter provides a smaller volume and ensures safety for laboratory equipment. This work can be applied to test photovoltaic inverters with MPPT methods and dynamic responses up to 300Hz. The control strategy is based on the numerical solution of the mathematical model of a photovoltaic cell from which is extracted a reference current to the control of the emulator. The methodology applied to design the proposed power supply is also presented. Finally, the design, simulation, and practical results of the emulator are shown to prove its operation.
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