No description available.

Les liens qu’entretient le cinéma avec les journaux illustrés ont été perçus très tôt par les observateurs. Or, si les historiens semblent s’accorder sur une « influence » de la presse illustrée sur la production comique du cinéma français, les journaux humoristiques s’intéressent peu au cinéma de manière générale et ignorent complètement, ou presque, les films comiques. Comment expliquer ce phénomène ? Cette thèse propose de développer trois pistes de réflexion. En premier lieu nous tentons d’appréhender la manière dont la presse illustrée a perçu l’émergence et l’essor du spectacle cinématographique au tournant du XIXe siècle jusqu’au milieu des années 1910. Pour la plupart des chroniqueurs le spectacle cinématographique apparaît comme un intrus parmi les spectacles scéniques parisiens, déportant en quelque sorte la rivalité entre théâtre et cinéma dans la presse illustrée. Puis, en nous intéressant aux proximités entre films et journaux, il apparaît que le cinéma emprunte aux journaux autant qu’il recycle leurs histoires comiques, les modernise. Cela nous conduit enfin à envisager les deux médias sous l’angle de leurs divergences, à la fois idéologiques et politiques, empêchant une rencontre qui semblait pourtant à première vue inévitable. / The links between the cinema and the illustrated press were perceived very early by the observers. Now, if historians seem to agree on an "influence" of the illustrated press on the comic production of French cinema, humorous newspapers are not very interested in cinema in general and completely, or almost completely, ignore comic films. How to explain this phenomenon ? This thesis proposes to develop three lines of thought. First, we try to understand the way in which the illustrated press saw the emergence and growth of the film show at the turn of the 19th century until the mid-1910s. For most chroniclers the cinema appears as an intruder among the Parisian stage shows, deporting in a way the rivalry between theater and cinema in the illustrated press. Then, by looking at the proximity between films and newspapers, it appears that cinema borrows from newspapers as much as it recycles their comic stories, modernizes them. This leads us finally to consider the two media from the angle of their differences, both ideological and political, preventing a meeting that seemed at first sight inevitable.

Diss. Stockholm : Stockholms universitet, 2007.

No description available.

In Francia, tra la fine del XIX e l’inizio del XX secolo, sorge una nuova forma esperienziale, quella del cinema. Nello stesso contesto, il movimento corporeo diventa oggetto di studio da parte di una serie di discipline, in particolar modo l’estetica e la psicofisiologia, che si ridefiniscono reciprocamente in un costante dialogo con le nuove tecnologie visive. Esiste una relazione tra questi due eventi? Il presente lavoro mira a costruire un’archeologia dell’esperienza cinematografica attraverso l’analisi dei testi di estetica sperimentale, psicologia della percezione e neurologia che emergono nell’orizzonte culturale francese tra il 1875 e il 1905. Il primo capitolo si concentra sulle teorie estetiche di Guyau, Séailles e Souriau, in cui la bellezza del movimento è concettualizzata seguendo un processo di progressiva meccanizzazione del corpo. Nel secondo capitolo viene analizzato il dibattito psicologico interno alla «Revue Philosophique» (1876), dove il corpo diviene medium capace di rendere visibile e registrabile il mondo soggettivo. Infine, nel terzo capitolo vengono studiate le ricerche estetiche e iconografiche che hanno luogo presso la clinica della Salpêtrière diretta da Charcot, pubblicate nella «Nouvelle Iconographie» (1888). Da queste, nasce una nuova morfologia del corpo in movimento, sostenuta dal progresso dei metodi grafici fino all’avvento del cinema. / In France, between the late nineteenth and the early twentieth century, a new experience rises, that of cinema. In the same context, the bodily movement becomes the object of study of a huge range of disciplines, especially aesthetics and psychophysiology, which redefine each other in a constant dialogue with new visual technologies. Is there a relationship between these two events? This work aims to build an archaeology of the cinematic experience through the analysis of texts of experimental aesthetics, psychology of perception and neurology that emerge in the French cultural context between 1875 and 1905. The first chapter focuses on the aesthetic theories of Guyau, Séailles and Souriau, where the beauty of movement is conceptualized following a process of gradual mechanization of the body. The second chapter analyzes the psychological debate inside the «Revue Philosophique» (1876), where the body becomes a medium capable of making the subjective world visible and adjustable. Finally, in the third chapter we investigate the aesthetic and iconographic researches that took place in Charcot’s clinic at the Salpêtrière, published in the «Nouvelle Iconographie» (1888). From these arises a new morphology of the body in motion, supported by the progress of graphical methods until the advent of cinema.