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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Les prix bas en droit économique / Low prices in economic analysis of law

Lormières, Laetitia 18 December 2010 (has links)
Les prix bas suscitent de nombreux débats en droit économique. Bien que l'opportunité de leur régulation ne semble guère sujette à caution, la liberté de pratiquer une concurrence par les prix est indissociable de la liberté de commerce. Les prix bas apparaissent donc licites par principe. L'interdiction de la revente à perte fait alors figure d'exception en obligeant le législateur à déterminer un prix minimal. Lier cette prohibition au principe de non discrimination a longtemps présenté l'indéniable avantage de contourner une si flagrante difficulté. Cela a toutefois régulièrement mis le législateur au défi de concilier l'effectivité de la sanction avec la possibilité d'une réelle négociation des conditions de vente du fournisseur. La négociabilité retrouvée le place plus que jamais au défi de concilier cette effectivité avec la liberté contractuelle : puisque tout est déductible, tout doit être aisément justifiable et contrôlable. / Low prices have caused much controversy. Although the need of regulation is actually not an issue in economic analysis of law, the freedom to practise competition based on prices is linked to the freedom of trade. Consequently, low prices appear to be lawful as a rule. Prohibiting to resell at a loss is quite exceptional since it requires from the law-maker to fix a minimum price. Linking the prohibition to the principle of non-discrimination has allowed to get round such a problem for a long time. Nevertheless, it regularly challenged the law-maker to associate the effectiveness of the penalty with the possibility for the retailers to really negociate the suppliers' sales conditions. Removing the principle of non-discrimination challenges the law-maker to link the effectiveness of the penalty with the freedom of contracts, since everything is deductible, everything must be easily justified and controlled.
2

Responsabilidade especial dos agentes econômicos dominantes / Special responsibility of dominant firms

Drago, Bruno de Luca 02 March 2015 (has links)
Agentes econômicos com posição dominante são capazes de se conduzir de maneira independente na sua atividade comercial. Da mesma forma, possuem todos os incentivos para manutenção desta posição, em detrimento de seus concorrentes, fornecedores e clientes. O presente trabalho visa, inicialmente, em estudo comparado da doutrina e jurisprudência no Brasil, União Europeia e Estados Unidos, identificar os elementos de cognição da teoria do abuso de posição dominante para cinco modalidades de conduta. A partir daí traçamos seus elementos de correlação com o propósito de sugerir uma teoria aplicada ao ordenamento jurídico pátrio, que passa pelo reconhecimento da concorrência como garantia institucional, de forma a estabelecer-se igualdade material segundo a teoria da função social dos meios de produção. A presença constante da concorrência nos mercados deve ser tratada como presunção de bem-estar social. E finalmente, valendo-se destes elementos de suporte, propomos uma teoria da responsabilidade especial para agentes econômicos em posição dominante, que implicaria o dever de autoaplicação dos limites permitidos para sua conduta comercial, cujo descumprimento ensejaria presunção relativa de efeitos deletérios ao mercado, segundo os parâmetros propostos. / Firms enjoying dominant position are able to conduct themselves independently in their commercial activities. Likewise, they hold all due incentives to maintain such position, in detriment of their competitors, suppliers and clients. The present work aims, initially, through a comparative study of the Brazilian, the European Union and the United States\' legal doctrine and jurisprudence, to identify cognitive elements of the abuse of dominance theory, for five different natures of conducts. Subsequently, we identify their elements of connection with the purpose of suggesting a theory applicable to the local legal system, which includes the recognition of competition as an institutional guarantee, so to establish a material equality according to the theory of social function of productive assets. The constant presence of competition on the markets shall be treated as a presumption of social welfare. And finally, based on such supportive elements, we propose a theory of special responsibility for dominant firms that implies in a duty of self-application of the permitted limits for their commercial conduct, and which infringement would entail a relative presumption of harmful effects to the market, pursuant to the proposed parameters.
3

Responsabilidade especial dos agentes econômicos dominantes / Special responsibility of dominant firms

Bruno de Luca Drago 02 March 2015 (has links)
Agentes econômicos com posição dominante são capazes de se conduzir de maneira independente na sua atividade comercial. Da mesma forma, possuem todos os incentivos para manutenção desta posição, em detrimento de seus concorrentes, fornecedores e clientes. O presente trabalho visa, inicialmente, em estudo comparado da doutrina e jurisprudência no Brasil, União Europeia e Estados Unidos, identificar os elementos de cognição da teoria do abuso de posição dominante para cinco modalidades de conduta. A partir daí traçamos seus elementos de correlação com o propósito de sugerir uma teoria aplicada ao ordenamento jurídico pátrio, que passa pelo reconhecimento da concorrência como garantia institucional, de forma a estabelecer-se igualdade material segundo a teoria da função social dos meios de produção. A presença constante da concorrência nos mercados deve ser tratada como presunção de bem-estar social. E finalmente, valendo-se destes elementos de suporte, propomos uma teoria da responsabilidade especial para agentes econômicos em posição dominante, que implicaria o dever de autoaplicação dos limites permitidos para sua conduta comercial, cujo descumprimento ensejaria presunção relativa de efeitos deletérios ao mercado, segundo os parâmetros propostos. / Firms enjoying dominant position are able to conduct themselves independently in their commercial activities. Likewise, they hold all due incentives to maintain such position, in detriment of their competitors, suppliers and clients. The present work aims, initially, through a comparative study of the Brazilian, the European Union and the United States\' legal doctrine and jurisprudence, to identify cognitive elements of the abuse of dominance theory, for five different natures of conducts. Subsequently, we identify their elements of connection with the purpose of suggesting a theory applicable to the local legal system, which includes the recognition of competition as an institutional guarantee, so to establish a material equality according to the theory of social function of productive assets. The constant presence of competition on the markets shall be treated as a presumption of social welfare. And finally, based on such supportive elements, we propose a theory of special responsibility for dominant firms that implies in a duty of self-application of the permitted limits for their commercial conduct, and which infringement would entail a relative presumption of harmful effects to the market, pursuant to the proposed parameters.

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