Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1988.

Professional paper (M Nursing)--Montana State University--Bozeman, 2009. / Typescript. Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Elizabeth S. Kinion. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 40-43).

Thesis (PhD. (Nursing Science)(Faculty of Health Sciences))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Summary in English. Includes bibliographical references.

Research suggests that infants with poor neck and upper torso muscle tone experience lateral slouching and a compromised airway when placed in the semi-upright seating position. Studies reveal that 4-60% of premature infants (born at less than 3-7 weeks gestation) may experience oxygen desaturation events when in their child safety seats (CSS), potentially resulting in adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Therefore, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that premature infants be tested in their CSS prior to hospital discharge. However, neonatal healthcare providers are concerned that this method of testing might not be reliable. No formal studies have investigated the outcomes of repeat testing of premature infants, and little is known about the risk factors for oxygen desaturation events. Therefore, the purpose of this descriptive, non-experimental, observational study was to explore the stability of the one-point Infant Car Seat Challenge (ICSC) and risk factors that may be associated with oxygen desaturation events. A sample of 49 premature infants was used to explore the following variables: 1) pass/fail rates following two (ICSC) observation points, 2) oxygen saturation and desaturation patterns, sleep/wake activity, and a measure of head lag (using the pull-to-sit maneuver) during two ICSCs, and 3) the association between head lag, chronological age, time spent sleeping in the CSS and oxygen desaturation events. Data were analyzed by descriptive and nonparametric statistical tests. This study's findings indicated that 86% of premature infants had stable results, 8% passed rcsc 1 but not ICSC 2, and 6% failed ICSC l and passed ICSC 2. In addition the odds for oxygen desaturation events increased in infants that are born at a gestational age ≤ 34 weeks, were discharged home at a chronological age of > 7 days and had a corrected gestational age of ≤ 37 weeks. Neither head lag or sleep time influenced the ICSC outcomes. Furthermore the ICSC success rate for identifying at risk infants was equal to or better than that of other screening tests for newborn medical conditions. These findings will assist neonatal healthcare providers in making appropriate recommendations for safe travel.

Introduction: Understanding the life-course determinants of resilience to brain ageing could significantly reduce the burden of cognitive impairment and dementia on individuals, heath care providers, and societies. The focus of this work is the concept of cognitive reserve (CR), which implies that some individuals are able to remain cognitively healthy despite the accumulation of age-related neuropathology. Methods: The determinants of brain structure and function were statistically modelled using three ongoing ageing cohort studies [Aberdeen Birth Cohort of 1936 (ABC1936), Aberdeen Children of the 1950s (ACONF), The Three-City French Cohort (3C)]. First, I performed a systematic literature review to identify life-course determinants of CR. Then, I examined whether other potentially modifiable life-course factors such as birth weight, mid-life occupational profile, and late-life social relationships and technology use provided individuals with greater CR. I modelled data in STATA and SPSS/AMOS. Results: I found that the effects of low birth weight and pre-term delivery on cognitive functions persists into mid-life (ACONF). I showed that childhood intelligence at age 11 has almost twice the protective effect on cognitive ageing than mid-life occupation (ABC1936). The quantity and quality of social relationships (3C), and the aspects of technology use in latelife (ABC1936) did not provide greater CR. Conclusion: Early-life factors contribute to later-life brain health. A major implication of this work is that studies and/or programs should consider a life-course perspective (with a focus on early-life) to accurately assess and to improve the brain health of older adults.

Orientador: Antonieta Keiko Kakuda Shimo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T10:29:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Veloso_RitadeCassiaNoronha_M.pdf: 3427525 bytes, checksum: 43c6285db43228f135db262c96550d7e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Este estudo foi desenvolvido pela necessidade de conhecermos melhor a mulher-mãe que, logo após o parto, além de ter seu filho levado para a Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo Neonatal (UTIN) por ter nascido prematuramente e precisar de cuidados especiais, tem a responsabilidade de suprir suas necessidades nutricionais. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa e que tem como objetivo desvelar os fatores que influenciam o processo de manutenção da lactação em mães de recém-nascido pré-termo (RNPT) internado na UTIN de um hospital filantrópico do Estado de São Paulo, identificando as barreiras e fatores facilitadores para a manutenção da lactação e sua rede de apoio social. Os atores sociais de nossa pesquisa foram mães de RNPT internados na UTIN do hospital em estudo, as quais foram previamente orientadas pelos profissionais do Banco de Leite sobre como proceder para estimular e manter a lactação. A amostra foi definida por saturação de dados e a coleta foi realizada no Banco de Leite Humano (BLH) e na UTIN, utilizando-se dos seguintes instrumentos: a) entrevista semi-estruturada; b) observação participante; c) diário de campo. A análise dos dados foi realizada através do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Nas entrevistas realizadas com as dezenove mulheres-mães, observamos que os principais problemas encontrados para manter a lactação foram a dificuldade no manejo da ordenha, mesmo com a bomba tira-leite; dor nos mamilos ao retirar o leite; dificuldade para levar o leite ao BLH; desconhecimento quanto à freqüência da retirada do leite; desconhecimento da importância do leite materno; estresse, ansiedade, tristeza causada por não ter o bebê em seus braços; falta de apoio dos profissionais e da família. Os fatores que facilitam a produção láctea foram abordados, podendo-se citar, entre eles, a possibilidade de permanência das mães na UTIN, assim como estas obterem informações sobre o estado de saúde de seu bebê; o apoio dos profissionais do BLH; a realização da ordenha com bomba tira leite; a mulher ser encorajada pelo marido; fazer o método canguru e ter conhecimento sobre como ordenhar a mama e sobre o processo de produção láctea. Em relação à rede de apoio, pode-se concluir que o marido ou companheiro é o principal incentivador e quem ajuda nos afazeres de casa. Assim, concluímos que o profissional de saúde tem um importante papel no incentivo ao aleitamento, exercendo a sua paciência, sabendo ouvir sem pré-julgamentos, revendo normas que dificultam a proximidade entre mãe e filho e utilizando o seu conhecimento para apoiar a mulher-mãe que, muitas vezes, não tem a quem recorrer e precisa de uma palavra de incentivo / Abstract: This study was developed in order to understand and know better the mother-woman, who right after the childbirth, not only has her son taken to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) for having been born prematurely and consequently needs special cares, but also has to supply her nutritional needs. This is a descriptive exploratory study, with a qualitative approach which is aimed to unveiling the factors that influence the breastfeeding maintenance process in mothers of pre-term newly born (PTNB), who stay in the NICU of a philanthropic hospital in Sao Paulo state, by identifying the obstacles and the factors that cooperate for breastfeeding maintenance and her social net support. The social partakers of our research were PTNB mothers in the NICU of the hospital in study, who were previously guided by Human Milk Bank (HMB) professionals about how to act for stimulating and keeping the breastfeeding on. The sample was defined by data saturation and the collection was done at the Milk Bank (MB) and NICU making use of the following tools: a) Semi-structured interview; b) Partakers¿ observation; c) Field diary. The data analysis was carried out through the Colletive Speech. In the interviews put into practice with the nineteen mother-women, we realized that the main existing problems in keeping the breastfeeding were: difficulty in drawing the milk from the breast, even making use of a nursing milk pump; pain on the nipples when removing the milk; difficulty in taking the milk to MB; lack of knowledge of how often the milk should be removed and its importance; stress; anxiety; sadness for not having the baby in their arms and lack of support from professionals and family. The factors that cooperate for breastfeeding maintenance were the possibility of having the mothers together with the babies in the NCTI and keeping them informed about their babies¿ health; more support from MB professionals; the use of a nursing milk pump; more encouragement by the husband/partner; the kangaroo method and more knowledge of how to draw the milk and of the breastfeeding process. As the net support, we concluded that the husband/partner is the most important person to motivate the mothers and help with household chores. Thus we came to the conclusion that health professionals have an important role in encouraging their patients to breastfeed, working with their patience, listening to them without pre-judgment, reviewing rules that make it difficult for the mothers to be near their babies and making use of their vast knowledge to support the mother-woman, who, very often, doesn¿t have someone to run to and needs a comfort word / Mestrado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Mestre em Enfermagem

M.Cur. / The parents of premature babies experience tremendous anxiety and uncertainty when the day of discharge eventually dawns. These feelings are often attributed to insufficient knowledge and skills with regard to care of the baby. Parents therefore, need clear guidelines, instructions and help from the neonatal nurse. The aim of this study is to identify and prioritize the specific discharge learning needs of parents with premature babies by means of the card sorting technique as assessment method. The aim of this study is executed in two phases. In phase one, the specific learning needs of parents are identified, explored and described according to a literature study. In phase two, the specific learning needs of parents with premature babies in private hospitals are identified and prioritized by means of the card sorting technique as assessment method, in order to make recommendations for appropriate discharge education. The most important learning needs identified in this study refer to cardiopulmonary resuscitation, long term health problems of the baby, signs and symptoms of infection, and feeding. The assessment of the specific learning needs of parents with premature babies in die neonatal unit, during the discharge period, should enable the nurse to perform the necessary knowledge transfer of information and thus ensure appropriate parent preparation. Knowledge of skills is essential to enable parents to care for their babies at home with confidence. In so doing, anxiety is diminished and a content parenthood is ensured.

Nurses in neonatal special care nurseries with a philosophy of family centered care involve parents in the care of preterm infants. There is little research describing nurses' perspectives of parental participation in care. Using interview data obtained from one secondary level neonatal special care nursery, this study attempts to understand the meaning parental participation in care has for neonatal nurses and the way that meaning is expressed in various nursing activities. Twelve nurses were interviewed about their reaction to parental participation in various activities such as feeding and bathing their babies. These nurses are all full time staff members in the nursery. Findings of the research are that there are two main nursing perspectives of parental participation in the care of preterm infants in a special care nursery. These two perspectives are labelled the 'our baby' and 'their baby' perspective. The 'our baby' group of subjects maintain a traditional role of control of care. The 'their baby' group are committed to the philosophy of family centered care within certain boundaries. An example of the difference., in the two perspectives was discovered in the area of infant feeding. The 'our baby' nurses thought that parents engaged in this activity increased the workload while the 'their baby' nurses thought that parents decreased workload. The 'our baby' nurses treated most parents in a similar way but the 'their baby' nurses individualized their approach to parents. The 'their baby' nurses' enjoyed spending time with parents but the other group said that there were less parents to deal with when they were working at night. Both groups work side by side with little conflict. Implications for the selection and training of nurses are noted as well as implications for further research. / Education, Faculty of / Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of / Graduate

No description available.

The purpose of the study was to identify factors associated with the delay in the initiation of breastfeeding to premature infants before discharge from hospital. The need for this research is evident in the current practice of feeding premature infants after a nasogastric tube is removed. The study sought to provide answers to delayed initiation of breastfeeding to premature infants before discharge from hospital. Fifty members of staff in the Sick Neonate Unit and 50 mothers of premature infants participated in the study. Self-administered data collection instruments were used to collect data from mothers of premature infants and staff of a Sick Neonate Unit in the hospital. The results showed that sociodemographic factors of staff 15 (f=30%) were 31-40 years old, and young nursing staff have decreased knowledge of breastfeeding as compared to senior and older staff members. Maternal demographic factors 36 (f=73.5%) were single and 13 (f=26.5) were married. Married mothers were more likely to breastfeed with the support of the partner than unmarried mothers. Health service factors staff views towards breastfeeding were 11(f=22.0% staff members were neutral about breastfeeding, and Eighteen (f=36.0%) staff members strongly disagreed to other methods of infant feeding. Maternal breastfeeding knowledge was one of the factors under maternal breastfeeding factors because it showed that 48 mothers (f=98.0%) did not have breastfeeding knowledge. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse data. / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)