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The purpose of this research was to assess the current (manual) and future (automated) presentation options for fabric and color in the design process. Current and future presentation options were assessed for viability and identification of relationships between reported sufficiency levels and recommended use responses. This exploration was used to identify new and future technologies for presentation of fabric and color that could potentially aid in increasing product manufacturing competitiveness through time and cost reduction. The study also recorded if the current practices for apparel design were congruent with current available technology and estimated future technology capabilities. A judgment sample of 20 apparel and interior industry personnel, in three geographical locations (i.e., West Coast, Southeast, Northeast), were mailed a self-administered survey. The survey design employed a structured multi-part questionnaire and four fabric and color presentation options (i.e., fabric swatch, printed swatch card, 2D simulation, 3D simulation). The survey was pilot tested for content validity and instrument reliability. Descriptive statistics (i.e., frequencies, percentages, contingency tables) were used to analyze the data. The response rate was 65% for 13 usable responses. Exploration and analysis of current (manual) and future (automated) presentation options provided information about the sufficiency of the information provided and for consistencies and inconsistencies in the designer's perception of these options. The fabric swatch format was identified as the current viable manual presentation option. The 2D simulation and 3D simulation presentation option was identified for the automated category. Only the 3D simulation option was found to be viable for use in the design process. The fabric swatch and 3D simulation successfully conveyed all fabric characteristics effectively. The fabric swatch also conveyed all format attributes effectively and the 3D simulation effectively conveyed familiar, satisfactory results, saves time, and increased productivity. / Ph. D.

The aim of my project was to examine the extent to which endogenous expression of a largely renal-specific antigen influences the repertoire in adulthood of autoreactive T cells specific to that antigen. The renal-specific antigen, human α3(IV)NC1, is the target of autoimmune attack in Goodpasture’s disease. This protein was expressed and purified in recombinant (using bacterial and mammalian cell expression systems) and purified in native (extracted from human tissue) forms. Transgenic mice were generated that express HLA-DR15 (associated with Goodpasture’s disease) as their sole MHC class II molecule, and for which α3(IV)NC1 can be endogenous or exogenous. The CD4 T cell responses of these mice were then tested following immunisation with α3(IV)NC1. In mice with endogenous expression of α3(IV)NC1 there were no consistent detectable proliferative T cell responses to any α3(IV)NC1 peptides in a set of overlapping peptides representative of the entire sequence. In the mice lacking endogenous α3(IV)NC1 there were consistent responses to the peptide α3(IV)NC1 136-150. This contains part of the peptide recognised by the most abundant autoreactive T cells in patients with acute Goodpasture’s disease. Therefore, the T cell responses seen in man to an endogenous (auto)antigen have similar fine specificity to those seen in mice responding to the same protein as a foreign antigen. This is surprising as one might expect self-tolerance in man to be most secure to such dominantly presented and immunogenic (in HLA DR15 mice) self peptides. However, recent work suggests that the peptide most commonly presented in humans is normally destroyed during antigen processing, giving a possible explanation for the lack of tolerance. Future work should study why tolerance is ineffective to this particular peptide, whether tolerance can be reinforced, these questions could be addressed using a transgenic mouse model that develops Goodpasture-like pathology. In addition, how processing is defective in Goodpasture’s disease could be explored by making antigen presenting hybridomas from patient samples or from the transgenic mouse line described within this thesis.

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This paper examines the ways in which individuals attempt to present themselves as healthy and fit human beings, according to the principles of dramaturgic self-presentation. Accordingly, Goffman's notions of face work, teamwork, and stigma are used to develop a framework for understanding how self-presentation impacts human interaction. This framework is then applied to a brief examination of the stigma of AIDS. Next, the framework is applied to the presentation of a healthy and fit self. Three issues are considered: what is common to the definition of fitness, what are some of the dimensions that become salient in light of that common definition, and, what strategies for presentation are possible based on the definition and dimensions. Finally, four variables that might affect which presentation strategy is adopted are considered: attractiveness, gender, age, and class. It is suggested that none of these variables operates in isolation and some of the implications for presentation are considered.

The present study sets out to investigate some of the factors which are related to the form of self-presentation an individual puts forward at one particular time and in one particular situation. In particular, we shall be concentrating on social interaction situations where one actor is motivated to ingratiate himself with the other. Further, we shall primarily be interested in changes in the degree of favourability of the subject's self-presentation. A subsidiary aim of the research is to examine the way the individual copes with evidence of his own self-presentational variability. In chapter I we examine a number of different approaches to the variability of self-presentation. We discuss the adequacy of these approaches and suggest how future study in the social psychology of this area should proceed. Also, we select one area of behaviour, ingratiation-motivated behaviour, upon which to concentrate. This area has already received a degree of research attention. This is reviewed and assessed as regards its need for systematisation, replication, expansion and improved methodology. In particular we elucidate a number of factors which when present in an ingratiation-motivated interaction facilitate a self-enhancing presentation. It is also argued that a full understanding of this area must involve the study of person as well as situational variables. Two possible variables, the sex and esteem level of the subject, are suggested for preliminary study. Finally, we introduce the subsidiary aim of the research to examine the problem created for the individual by a manipulated self-presentation which deviates from his core concept of self. Specifically we address ourselves to two questions. What creates such conflict states? How are they coped with? On the basis of previous research and drawing upon dissonance theory a number of hypotheses are advanced. Our person variables are again included at this stage. In chapter II we describe an experiment which seeks to examine some of these problems. By means of a complex interaction situation involving a number of different self-presentations, information is gathered on the basic principle governing self-enhancement in ingratiation-motivated situations and on the moderating effects of our personal variables, if any. The experiment also sets out to test our hypotheses concerning the reduction of conflict after a manipulated self-presentation. Chapter III contains a complete analysis of the results of this, our first experiment. The principal statistical technique employed is analysis of variance. In Chapter IV we set out to examine those factors which made for a self-derogating presentation in an ingratiation-motivated interaction. We review the previous research in this area and drawing it together with some of the findings from experiment 1 derive a number of tentative hypotheses concerning more complex patterns of self-presentation. Chapter V describes an experiment designed to test these hypotheses. The basic experimental situation involves a realistic job selection interview within which a number of situational factors are manipulated in order to ascertain their effect on the candidate's self-presentation. The sex variable was retained in this second experiment. The statistical analysis of the results of experiment 2 are contained in Chapter VI. Again, analysis of variance is the main technique employed. Finally in Chapter VII we review the findings of our experimental work. We draw attention to some unanswered questions in this area and suggest how future research may go about answering them. In particular we discuss the implications of this area of research for the future study of ingratiation-motivated behaviour per se, and further its possible contribution to other related aspects of social psychology.

This study analyzed instructional achievement and intrinsic motivation among 21st century secondary students utilizing a video lecture incorporating both student reaction cutaway images and immediate content interaction within the lecture. Respondents (n = 155) were from multiple classes and grade levels at a suburban Texas high school. Four groups of students viewed the identical lecture with differing video and content interaction treatments. Students responded to a pretest/posttest survey to assess academic achievement in addition to an intrinsic motivation instrument to assess student interest. Group one (the control group) viewed the 12 minute lecture without enhancement. A second group viewed the identical lecture with student reaction shots inserted in the video. Another group viewed the lecture with content question intervention inserted into the video. The final group saw the lecture with the student reaction shots and content question intervention combined in the video. A repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to compare results from a 14 item pretest/posttest. Combined, the groups showed no significance (p = .069) indicating no associations were identified by the experiment. Although no association was identified, this may be a reflection of the generic nature of the video lecture and the lack of association with the experiment and actual classroom content within their courses. Students also completed the Intrinsic Motivation Instrument which was analyzed using a MANOVA. Although no significant findings were present in either group viewing the student reaction or the content question interaction treatments individually, the group viewing the combined treatment showed significance in three scales: Interest/Enjoyment (p = .007), Perceived Competence (p = .027) and Effort/Importance (p = .035) Recommendations for refinement of the current experiment as well as future studies are provided.

The roles of journalists in motion pictures are diverse and they are to be found amongst leading or supporting characters as well as amongst heroes or villains. Journalists also appear in different film genres from sci-fi movies to musicals. In my diploma thesis I analyse how the makers of the films in normalisation presented journalists. Whether they used them as leading or supporting characters or whether they showed them as heroes or villains. In my thesis I am aiming to describe the type of journalists which appeared in the film production in normalisation in Czechoslovakia.