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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Industrialization of Lithium-Ion Prismatic Battery Cell for the Automotive Industry

Liiv, Oliver January 2020 (has links)
Energy systems in every part of the world are experiencing accelerated shifts towards more sustainable solutions which will bring far-reaching changes to our daily lives. These rapid transitions will bring impactful and vital changes to the way we fuel our cars, heat our homes and power our industries in the approaching decades. [1] The automotive sector is in high pace to electrify their cars. The number of electric passengercar sales is expected to increase by more than a factor of 60 between 2018 to 2050. Which means by that time there could be approximately 2 billion EVs on the roads and they all need batteries to run on. [1] ManyEuropean electric vehicle manufacturers have started marketing their future models globally, but automotiveli.-ion battery manufacturing capacity in Europe is merely 2.1% of the total global automotive li-ion batteryproduction. [2] Increase in sales of EV-s and energy storage systems drives the demand for li-ion batteries. This research is conducted in collaboration with Northvolt, one of the newcomers to the li-ion batterymanufacturing market in Europe. Northvolt is a Swedish-founded company in 2016, and despite its young age, Northvolt has prominent partners including BMW Group, Epiroc, Scania and the Volkswagen Group. Northvolt is with global ambition to produce the world's greenest battery cell with minimal possible carbon footprint in its Gigafactory in Sweden with 32GWh annual manufacturing capacity. Also, together with Volkswagen a 50/50 joint venture has been established to produce batteries in a 16GWh factory in Germany. After entering in different supplier agreements, Northvolt has sold a considerable amount of its first Gigafactory NV Ett production capacity to its key customers with a united equivalent of over $13billion until 2030. [3]Setting up lithium-ion battery factories for the automotive industry is a challenging task. It requires high speed and flexibility to keep up with the growing demand in a short time and still meeting all the stakeholder's requirements while keeping the highest environmental standards in place during production. To keep up with the growing demand and customer requirements a state-of.the-art industrialization project management strategy is developed. Therefore, state-of.the-art automotive project management, new product industrialization and development practices are investigated together with the best practices from the wider industry. Furthermore, Northvolt's current industrialization project management strategies are examined, and improvement proposals and tools are developed to ramp-up the current and future factories with shorter time, less cost and highest possible quality. The main aim of the thesis is to develop a project management solutions to lead industrialization of li-ionbattery Giga-factories successfully and help Northvolt fuel our cars, heat our homes, and power our industries more sustainably and innovatively. The expected outcome of the thesis is five tools developed that support the industrialization of LIB production facilities in Europe to increase the EU LIB manufacturing capacity. / Energisystem genomgår en snabb omväxling till allt mer hållbara lösningar, vilket kommer påverka våra liv markant. Dessa snabba omväxlingar kommer påverka samt främja sättet hur vi driver våra bilar, värmer våra hus och försörjer våra industrier, flera år framåt. [1] Bilsektorn som har skiftat sitt fokus till elektrifiering av sina bilar, där antalet sålda elbilar förväntas att öka sextifaldigt mellan 2018 och 2050. Detta kommer att leda till att cirka 2 miljarder elbilar kommer att åka på vägarna globalt och alla dessabilar kommer behöva framförallt litiumjonbatterier. [1] Majoriteten av biltillverkare i Europa har börjatutveckla framtida elektrifierade bilmodeller. Tillverkningen av litiumjonbatterier för elbilar i Europa utgörendast 2.1 % av den globala tillverkningen totalt. [2] En ökad försäljning av elbilar och även av produkterför energilagring, ökar efterfrågan på litiumjonbatterier. Den här undersökningen har tagits fram i samarbete med Northvolt som är en av nykomlingarna inomtillverkningen av litiumjonbatterier i Europa. Northvolt är ett svenskt bolag som startades 2016 och trotsdess tidiga fas, har de lyckats samverka med prominenta samarbetspartners som BMW group, Epiroc, Scania och Volkswagen group. Northvolts ambition är att skapa världens grönaste batteri med ett minimalt klimatavtryck. Denna produkt utvecklas i deras så kallade Gigafactory som ligger i Skellefteå och vars årliga produktion uppnår 32 Gwh. Utöver det har Northvolt i samarbete med Volkswagen fått i uppdrag att bygga upp en batterifabrik i Tyskland, vars tillverkningskapacitet kommer att uppnå till 16Gwh årligen. Efter att ha ingått i flera leverantörsavtal har Northvolt sålt en avsevärd mängd av sin produktionskapacitet för den planerade fabriken Gigafactory NV Ett till sina nyckelkunder. Detta motsvarar en investering på 13 miljarder dollar fram till 2030. [3]Att etablera en fabrik som tillverkar litiumjonbatterier för bilindustrin är en utmanande uppgift. Det kräversnabba beslut och flexibilitet för att hålla jämna steg med den växande efterfrågan på batterier av denna typ. Batterierna ska hålla måttet för de krav som kunderna har, och även ska de uppfylla alla internationella standarder för ett miljövänligt batteri.För att kunna upprätthålla den växande efterfrågan och kundkraven utvecklas nya metoder inom projektledning för att effektivisera produktionen. Det allra senaste praxis i projektledning, produktion och produkttillverkning inom bilindustrin analyseras. Dessutom beaktas senaste metoderna och praxis från andra industrier. Vidare kartläggs northvolts nuvarande strategi för deras hantering av produktionsfasen för att föreslå förbättringar och verktyg, som kan effektivisera uppbyggnaden och driften av framtida fabriker. Huvudsyftet med denna avhandling är att utveckla nya metoder inom projektledning för att kunnautveckla produktionsfasen för framtida fabriker som tillverkar litiumjonbatterier. Detta kommer leda tillatt Northvolt kommer vara en del av våra framtida liv genom att hjälpa oss att driva våra fordon, värma våra hem och driva våra fabriker på ett hållbart och effektivt sätt. Det förväntade resultatet i denna avhandling är fem utvecklade verktyg som stödjer utbyggnaden av Litiumjonbatteri fabriker i Europa föratt öka dess totala årliga produktion.
2

THERMAL MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES APPLIED FOR STATIONARY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS : Investigation on the thermal behavior of Lithium-ion batteries

Ali, Haider Adel Ali, Abdeljawad, Ziad Namir January 2020 (has links)
Batteries are promising sources of green and sustainable energy that have been widely used in various applications. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have an important role in the energy storage sector due to its high specific energy and energy density relative to other rechargeable batteries. The main challenges for keeping the LIBs to work under safe conditions, and at high performance are strongly related to the battery thermal management. In this study, a critical literature review is first carried out to present the technology development status of the battery thermal management system (BTMS) based on air and liquid cooling for the application of battery energy storage systems (BESS). It was found that more attention has paid to the BTMS for electrical vehicle (EV) applications than for stationary BESS. Even though the active forced air cooling is the most commonly used method for stationary BESS, limited technical information is available. Liquid cooling has widely been used in EV applications with different system configurations and cooling patterns; nevertheless, the application for BESS is hard to find in literature.To ensure and analyze the performance of air and liquid cooling system, a battery and thermal model developed to be used for modeling of BTMS. The models are based on the car company BMW EV battery pack, which using Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (NMC) prismatic lithium-ion cell. Both air and liquid cooling have been studied to evaluate the thermal performance of LIBs under the two cooling systems.According to the result, the air and liquid cooling are capable of maintaining BESS under safe operation conditions, but with considering some limits. The air-cooling is more suitable for low surrounding temperature or at low charging/discharge rate (C-rate), while liquid cooling enables BESS to operate at higher C-rates and higher surrounding temperatures. However, the requirement on the maximum temperature difference within a cell will limits the application of liquid cooling in some discharge cases at high C-rate. Finally, this work suggests that specific attention should be paid to the pack design. The design of the BMW pack is compact, which makes the air-cooling performance less efficient because of the air circulation inside the pack is low and liquid cooling is more suitable for this type of compact battery pack.

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