The use of process models to support business analysts' idea-generation tasks has been a long-standing topic of interest in process improvement. We examine how two types of representations of organizational processes - textual and diagrammatic - assist analysts in developing innovative solutions to process-redesign tasks. The results of our study clarify the types of process-redesign ideas generated by analysts who work with text versus those who work with models. We find that the volume and originality of process-redesign ideas do not differ significantly but that appropriateness of ideas varies. We discuss the implications of these findings for research and practice in process improvement.

The literature emphasizes the important role played by stakeholder perceptions in explaining success and failure of IT-enabled change efforts. However, our knowledge of how stakeholder perceptions evolve and interact with outcomes during change processes is still limited. Consequently, this study adapts technological frames of reference (TFR) to explore the dynamics of stakeholder perceptions based on action research into an IT-enabled sales process innovation project at VoiceTech. The study attempts to answer the following research questions: How can TFR be adapted and applied to support action research into IT-enabled change efforts? What was the role of stakeholder perceptions during IT-enabled sales process innovation at VoiceTech? How do stakeholder perceptions evolve and interact with outcomes during IT-enabled change efforts? The study develops TFR as a theory for investigating stakeholder perceptions during IT-enabled change and it offers a process model of how frame interactions, incongruencies, and inconsistencies contribute to frame shifts and change outcomes over time. In addition, the study provides detailed insights into how the IT-enabled sales process innovation at VoiceTech shaped and was shaped by shifts in stakeholder perceptions over time.

Over the last few decades, the rising concern of environmental protection and consumers¡¦ increasing environmental consciousness have brought fundamental impacts to enterprises in the world. Environmental protection has become one of corporate social responsibilities, and in the meantime, one of the opportunities for profitability. Among all resources in organizations, human resource plays the most important role in keeping corporate competitive advantage. In order to create and maintain corporate competitive advantage, traditional human capital also has to be transformed into green human capital that possesses the ability to develop green innovation. The purpose of this research is to investigate how green human capital will be influential on the level green innovation, and how it actually leads to corporate competitive advantage. The study uses in-depth interviews and questionnaires to collect data for the analysis. The results reveal that green human capital strategic value has a positive impact on green product innovation and green product innovation has a mediating effect in the relationship between green human capital strategic value and responsiveness. On the other hands, green human capital uniqueness has a positive impact on green process innovation and green process innovation plays a mediating effect in the relationship between green human capital uniqueness and cost advantage.

The development of statistical process control has been for a long time and can be turned up in many manufacturing environments. However, statistical process control applications in process control generally limited to use the control chart applications, the deepening capacity for control charts such as process capability control, variation detection and evaluation, are rarely described so often so that statistical process control techniques is relegated. Meanwhile, statistical process control can detect the production process of the variations, but it can¡¦t integrate the production resource capacity. Although the process control of manufacturing processes can achieve real-time control of effects, but the resources of the production process appeared to be quite inadequate in response to future demand forecast and capacity analysis. Therefore, this study combined with statistical process control system simulation technology for innovative management. Through the process observation and sample collection, we can use simulation technology to propose the process feasibility and applicability in resource constraint and resource allocation for considering the variation of the statistical process control, and use the quality improvement tools and causal feedback map, the system dynamics tools, in the resource dynamic ability for decision-making management. The research result appears: 1¡BBased on the effective input parameters of simulation model , it can effectively simulate the actual production processes and produce an effective output. 2¡BThrough the appropriate statistical data validation, it can improve the sample reliability as an important reference to system simulation methods. 3¡BUsing the simulation technology, we can monitor the online process control, production resources allocation and capacity prediction.

Abstract Since 1990, the scientific and technique are progressing fast, especially for information technique field is advancing day by day and year by year. It makes the business environment changing quickly. The advance of 3C technique, economic integration for international and blocking, global market and competition, it makes so much challenge and crisis. In highly competitive environment, ¡§speed¡¨ is based requirement. Enterprise should go through ¡§process innovation ¡§ method to progress business competitive ability and to control the market. After Internet Network is invented and developed, the management concept of ERP (enterprise resource planned), SCM ( supply chain management ) and CRM( custom relation management ) leads the full newly competitive environment. During this newly competitive environment stage, the business how to make more better competitive advantage is the subject of this study. There are two main subjects for this study: 1. Analysis the key factors for competitive advantage of steel business and set up the model of competitive ability evaluation. The index for competitive ability evaluation include¡G¡]1¡^Growth¡]2¡^Profitability¡]3¡^Financiality¡]4¡^Stability¡]5¡^Activity¡]6¡^Productivity. 2. Set up the model for process innovation of steel business. According to evaluated model, analysis and compare 14 main companies in the steel world. The 3-best competitive ability companies are: Nucor steel is first, Thyssen Krupp company is 2nd, and 3rd is China steel company. Conclusion: 1.Competitive ability of steel company is not related to company size. 2.¡§ Process Innovation ¡§ is best tool to improve the competitive ability. 3.Want to make value, it should follow the trend of age pulse and catch up it.

Innovation is not always enough. In the beginning of the 2000s established pharmaceutical firms had developed several drugs, yet these new products were far too few. Patents of many blockbuster drugs were to soon expire and substantial profit would then be lost. A potential solution emerged: implementing new biomarker technologies in drug development. Biomarkers are required for knowledge creation about the drug effect on underlying causes of a disease. The problem is this: although academia, industry, and policy makers have deemed biomarkers as necessary for successful drug development, pharmaceutical firms have not used them in actual drug development projects.  Since the 1990s, established pharmaceutical firms have invested financially and restructured organizationally in order to implement biomarkers. Still, cases show that more than 50% of project termination in Clinical Phase 2 (the bottle neck of drug development) can be attributed to the lack of implementing biomarkers.   Challenges of established firms transforming in the face of technology change is a commonly studied phenomenon within innovation management literature. Several explanations have attempted to determine why established firms fail in following technology change. However, most of this literature has been based upon an empirical context where technology change is conceptualized as an innovation of the dominant product design in the industry. Consequently, the challenge is to develop or adapt a discontinuous product innovation. Conversely, implementing biomarkers is a case of technology change that impacts R&amp;D. Since drugs lose their value when the patent protection expires, the established pharmaceutical firms need to continuously develop new block buster drugs – not just one product. More research is needed to fill this gap in the literature in order to develop an understanding of the established firm challenge in implementing biomarkers. This thesis builds upon a longitudinal case study of AstraZeneca. Using multiple data sources, the findings show that the dominant architecture of the drug development process during the 2000s impeded the implementation of biomarkers. AstraZeneca required an “architectural process innovation” in order to complete this implementation. The company’s process-based management structures distorted it from recognizing the need for process change. This thesis has three contributions: First, it describes the process change and the firm’s managerial challenges associated with biomarker implementation; Second, it contributes to the literature on the established firm challenge by developing an understanding of the phenomenon of architectural process innovation; Third, it develops a process-based framework for studying technology change that affects R&amp;D. / <p>QC 20151106</p>

The literature emphasizes the important role played by stakeholder perceptions in explaining success and failure of IT-enabled change efforts. However, our knowledge of how stakeholder perceptions evolve and interact with outcomes during change processes is still limited. Consequently, this study adapts technological frames of reference (TFR) to explore the dynamics of stakeholder perceptions based on action research into an IT-enabled sales process innovation project at VoiceTech. The study attempts to answer the following research questions: How can TFR be adapted and applied to support action research into IT-enabled change efforts? What was the role of stakeholder perceptions during IT-enabled sales process innovation at VoiceTech? How do stakeholder perceptions evolve and interact with outcomes during IT-enabled change efforts? The study develops TFR as a theory for investigating stakeholder perceptions during IT-enabled change and it offers a process model of how frame interactions, incongruencies, and inconsistencies contribute to frame shifts and change outcomes over time. In addition, the study provides detailed insights into how the IT-enabled sales process innovation at VoiceTech shaped and was shaped by shifts in stakeholder perceptions over time.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a importância da criatividade no desenvolvimento de produtos com características inovadoras. O trabalho utiliza como metodologia estudo multicaso com abordagem qualitativa, estruturado nas seguintes etapas: (i) levantamento bibliográfico; (ii) análise da revisão bibliográfica; (iii) seleção de seis unidades de análise, sendo elas empresas de grande porte pertencentes a diferentes setores industriais; (iv) construção do instrumento de pesquisa com roteiro semi-estruturado; (v) aplicação do instrumento de pesquisa; (vi) análise de dados; (vii) comparação teoria-prática; (viii) identificação dos problemas enfrentados pelas unidades de análise baseados no levantamento de informação do instrumento de pesquisa e (ix) propostas de melhoria. Os principais resultados mostraram a deficiência na utilização de um processo formal e estruturado de inovação como também a falta de importância atribuída à criatividade como fonte geradora de idéias com potencial inovador. Além disso, empresas com um processo de inovação formalizado e estruturado apresentam menor dificuldade na comunicação interna e no tempo de desenvolvimento. Também foi possível identificar que a etapa do PI que gera maiores dificuldades no processo de inovação é o pré-desenvolvimento, motivo pelo qual a incorporação de um processo de inovação agilizaria o desenvolvimento de inovações, reduzindo o tempo de retrabalho. Outro fator que merece destaque é que poucas das empresas analisadas pretendem investir em pesquisa e desenvolvimento (P&D) para gerar produtos inovadores, mesmo que as principais idéias para os novos produtos sejam geradas nos centros de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) ou nos grupos de Desenvolvimento de Novos Produtos (DNP). Quanto às semelhanças destacadas, pode-se dizer que, embora a inovação seja importante para o sucesso no mercado, essa ainda não representa uma meta estratégica de longo prazo para todas as empresas analisadas, devido ao grande investimento que representa a inovação de produtos, sendo o orçamento um dos maiores limitantes das empresas analisadas. Notou-se que, mesmo pertencendo a setores industriais diferentes, as etapas e atividades do processo de inovação são semelhantes, diferenciando-se apenas nas ferramentas de avaliação do protótipo. / This study aims to examine the importance of creativity in developing products with innovative features. The work uses as multicaso methodology study with qualitative approach, structured in the following steps: (i) bibliography, (ii) analysis of the literature review, (iii) selection of six units of analysis, which are large-sized companies belonging to different sectors industrial, (iv) construction of a research tool with semi-structured script, (v) application of the research instrument, (vi) analysis of data, (vii) comparison theory-practice, (viii) identification of problems faced by units of analysis based on survey data from a research tool and (ix) proposals for improvement. The main results showed a deficiency in the use of a formal and structured process of innovation as well as the lack of emphasis on creativity as a source for generating innovative ideas with potential. Moreover, firms with a formalized process of innovation and have less difficulty in structured internal communication and the development time. It was also possible to identify the stage of the IP that creates major difficulties in the process of innovation is the pre-development, so the incorporation of a process of innovation expedite the development of innovations, reducing the time to rework. Another factor that deserves mention is that few businesses want to invest in research analysis and development (R&D) to generate innovative products, even though the main ideas for new products are generated at the Research and Development (R&D) groups or in Development of New Products (DNP). As highlighted the similarities, we can say that while innovation is important for success in the market, that still does not represent a long-term strategic goal for all companies analyzed, due to the large investment that represents the innovation of products, and the budget one of the biggest limitations of the companies examined. It was noted that, even belonging to different industrial sectors, the steps and activities of the innovation process are similar, differing only in the tools for evaluating the prototype.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a importância da criatividade no desenvolvimento de produtos com características inovadoras. O trabalho utiliza como metodologia estudo multicaso com abordagem qualitativa, estruturado nas seguintes etapas: (i) levantamento bibliográfico; (ii) análise da revisão bibliográfica; (iii) seleção de seis unidades de análise, sendo elas empresas de grande porte pertencentes a diferentes setores industriais; (iv) construção do instrumento de pesquisa com roteiro semi-estruturado; (v) aplicação do instrumento de pesquisa; (vi) análise de dados; (vii) comparação teoria-prática; (viii) identificação dos problemas enfrentados pelas unidades de análise baseados no levantamento de informação do instrumento de pesquisa e (ix) propostas de melhoria. Os principais resultados mostraram a deficiência na utilização de um processo formal e estruturado de inovação como também a falta de importância atribuída à criatividade como fonte geradora de idéias com potencial inovador. Além disso, empresas com um processo de inovação formalizado e estruturado apresentam menor dificuldade na comunicação interna e no tempo de desenvolvimento. Também foi possível identificar que a etapa do PI que gera maiores dificuldades no processo de inovação é o pré-desenvolvimento, motivo pelo qual a incorporação de um processo de inovação agilizaria o desenvolvimento de inovações, reduzindo o tempo de retrabalho. Outro fator que merece destaque é que poucas das empresas analisadas pretendem investir em pesquisa e desenvolvimento (P&D) para gerar produtos inovadores, mesmo que as principais idéias para os novos produtos sejam geradas nos centros de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) ou nos grupos de Desenvolvimento de Novos Produtos (DNP). Quanto às semelhanças destacadas, pode-se dizer que, embora a inovação seja importante para o sucesso no mercado, essa ainda não representa uma meta estratégica de longo prazo para todas as empresas analisadas, devido ao grande investimento que representa a inovação de produtos, sendo o orçamento um dos maiores limitantes das empresas analisadas. Notou-se que, mesmo pertencendo a setores industriais diferentes, as etapas e atividades do processo de inovação são semelhantes, diferenciando-se apenas nas ferramentas de avaliação do protótipo. / This study aims to examine the importance of creativity in developing products with innovative features. The work uses as multicaso methodology study with qualitative approach, structured in the following steps: (i) bibliography, (ii) analysis of the literature review, (iii) selection of six units of analysis, which are large-sized companies belonging to different sectors industrial, (iv) construction of a research tool with semi-structured script, (v) application of the research instrument, (vi) analysis of data, (vii) comparison theory-practice, (viii) identification of problems faced by units of analysis based on survey data from a research tool and (ix) proposals for improvement. The main results showed a deficiency in the use of a formal and structured process of innovation as well as the lack of emphasis on creativity as a source for generating innovative ideas with potential. Moreover, firms with a formalized process of innovation and have less difficulty in structured internal communication and the development time. It was also possible to identify the stage of the IP that creates major difficulties in the process of innovation is the pre-development, so the incorporation of a process of innovation expedite the development of innovations, reducing the time to rework. Another factor that deserves mention is that few businesses want to invest in research analysis and development (R&D) to generate innovative products, even though the main ideas for new products are generated at the Research and Development (R&D) groups or in Development of New Products (DNP). As highlighted the similarities, we can say that while innovation is important for success in the market, that still does not represent a long-term strategic goal for all companies analyzed, due to the large investment that represents the innovation of products, and the budget one of the biggest limitations of the companies examined. It was noted that, even belonging to different industrial sectors, the steps and activities of the innovation process are similar, differing only in the tools for evaluating the prototype.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a importância da criatividade no desenvolvimento de produtos com características inovadoras. O trabalho utiliza como metodologia estudo multicaso com abordagem qualitativa, estruturado nas seguintes etapas: (i) levantamento bibliográfico; (ii) análise da revisão bibliográfica; (iii) seleção de seis unidades de análise, sendo elas empresas de grande porte pertencentes a diferentes setores industriais; (iv) construção do instrumento de pesquisa com roteiro semi-estruturado; (v) aplicação do instrumento de pesquisa; (vi) análise de dados; (vii) comparação teoria-prática; (viii) identificação dos problemas enfrentados pelas unidades de análise baseados no levantamento de informação do instrumento de pesquisa e (ix) propostas de melhoria. Os principais resultados mostraram a deficiência na utilização de um processo formal e estruturado de inovação como também a falta de importância atribuída à criatividade como fonte geradora de idéias com potencial inovador. Além disso, empresas com um processo de inovação formalizado e estruturado apresentam menor dificuldade na comunicação interna e no tempo de desenvolvimento. Também foi possível identificar que a etapa do PI que gera maiores dificuldades no processo de inovação é o pré-desenvolvimento, motivo pelo qual a incorporação de um processo de inovação agilizaria o desenvolvimento de inovações, reduzindo o tempo de retrabalho. Outro fator que merece destaque é que poucas das empresas analisadas pretendem investir em pesquisa e desenvolvimento (P&D) para gerar produtos inovadores, mesmo que as principais idéias para os novos produtos sejam geradas nos centros de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) ou nos grupos de Desenvolvimento de Novos Produtos (DNP). Quanto às semelhanças destacadas, pode-se dizer que, embora a inovação seja importante para o sucesso no mercado, essa ainda não representa uma meta estratégica de longo prazo para todas as empresas analisadas, devido ao grande investimento que representa a inovação de produtos, sendo o orçamento um dos maiores limitantes das empresas analisadas. Notou-se que, mesmo pertencendo a setores industriais diferentes, as etapas e atividades do processo de inovação são semelhantes, diferenciando-se apenas nas ferramentas de avaliação do protótipo. / This study aims to examine the importance of creativity in developing products with innovative features. The work uses as multicaso methodology study with qualitative approach, structured in the following steps: (i) bibliography, (ii) analysis of the literature review, (iii) selection of six units of analysis, which are large-sized companies belonging to different sectors industrial, (iv) construction of a research tool with semi-structured script, (v) application of the research instrument, (vi) analysis of data, (vii) comparison theory-practice, (viii) identification of problems faced by units of analysis based on survey data from a research tool and (ix) proposals for improvement. The main results showed a deficiency in the use of a formal and structured process of innovation as well as the lack of emphasis on creativity as a source for generating innovative ideas with potential. Moreover, firms with a formalized process of innovation and have less difficulty in structured internal communication and the development time. It was also possible to identify the stage of the IP that creates major difficulties in the process of innovation is the pre-development, so the incorporation of a process of innovation expedite the development of innovations, reducing the time to rework. Another factor that deserves mention is that few businesses want to invest in research analysis and development (R&D) to generate innovative products, even though the main ideas for new products are generated at the Research and Development (R&D) groups or in Development of New Products (DNP). As highlighted the similarities, we can say that while innovation is important for success in the market, that still does not represent a long-term strategic goal for all companies analyzed, due to the large investment that represents the innovation of products, and the budget one of the biggest limitations of the companies examined. It was noted that, even belonging to different industrial sectors, the steps and activities of the innovation process are similar, differing only in the tools for evaluating the prototype.