Context. Testing is a very critical process to evaluate whether a related function is correctly implemented in the control system. There is an upward trend to using PAC based control system in the automation production context. However, currently, most testing of PAC based controlling system is in manual testing, which has low efficiency and high complexity. Furthermore, there has been little research on the systematic testing of PAC in an industry environment. Objectives. Due to this problem, this study is to investigate whether a model-based testing method can overcome the challenge of manual testing and improve the testing effectiveness in PAC based controlling system. Methods. We use three steps to achieve the objective, and the first one is to implement a systematic mapping study to find existing model-based testing method that is using in the industrial area, what the process and the context. The second one is to implement a case study in a printing house, to see what the real challenge of manual testing, the third one is to find if exist MBT method could be used under such context to overcome challenges. Results. Through mapping study and case study, we found there are many testing methods and implement under diverse context, but none of them focus on the PAC based controlling system. And we found there exist MBT that also can be used in PAC based controlling system to mitigate some manual testing challenges. Conclusions. In our thesis, we implement a mapping study from 38 papers to collect data for existing model-based testing methods to have a deep understanding of this area. We found there are five main contexts that MBT are usually being used and we extract implement process and advantages and disadvantages for MBT methods which value to practitioners and researchers. And we conducted a case study in a printing house in Switzerland to observe the challenges of manual testing of PAC based controlling system. We found one exist MBT method that can be used in our context that makes the test case generation step more effective. And we proposed a simulation testing model that hopefully can address all the manual testing challenges by combined with the exist MBT method.

This diploma thesis discusses the connection trough the programmable automation (PLC) with a personal computer (PC) for the purpose of operating software simulation in NI LabVIEW. Diploma thesis is divided in two main parts. Design and manufacture of the communication unit, which is in charge of communication between PC and PLC and further programming simulation models in software NI LabVIEW.

A key input parameter to governor feedback control and stability protection of generators is the angle of the induced voltage internal to the generator. Current practice is to estimate this value using measurements from the terminals of the generator and mathematical models. This project aims to develop a system that would directly measure the internal angle of the generator using a rotary encoder on the shaft of the machine. This document describes the theory and experimental setup of this proposed system and outlines the test procedure of experimentation. / Master of Science

The objective of this work is to develop a methodology to control of equipments powered by stepping motors, via the computer parallel port, with up to three programmable axes, for use in automated processes. To implement the proposed system, used to be an environment for developing computer programs, which could make communication with the computer's parallel port for data transfer control circuits to drive the stepping motors. The program developed has the following functions: priority for implementing the process in the microcomputer operating system, interpretation of sequences of planned operations through data files, view the data file to control the equipment during its implementation; view realtime control data sent to the parallel port, manual and automatic control of equipment, implementation of reverse form of movements applied to the axes of equipment, adjustment of speed of the movement axes of the equipment in automatic or manual and online help system. Important features presented by the proposed system is the precision control of speed, the ability to store different settings for different equipment, possibility of playing in an automatic way to 100 times an operation planned by facilitating mass production, and capacity to store a sequence of manual commands, enabling the program by learning. Practical tests of operation of the system demonstrated the feasibility of applying the technique in cases that require programmable automation. / O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver uma metodologia de controle de equipamentos acionados por motores de passo, via porta paralela de microcomputadores, com até três eixos programáveis, para utilização em processos de automação. Para implementar o sistema proposto, utilizou-se um ambiente de desenvolvimento de programas computacionais, através do qual foi possível fazer a comunicação com a porta paralela do computador para transferência de dados de controle aos circuitos de acionamento dos motores de passos. O programa desenvolvido possui as seguintes funções: prioridade de execução do processo no sistema operacional do microcomputador; interpretação de seqüências de operações programadas através de arquivos de dados; visualização do arquivo de dados para controle do equipamento durante sua execução; visualização em tempo real dos dados de controle enviados à porta paralela; controle manual e automático do equipamento; execução de forma reversa dos movimentos aplicados aos eixos do equipamento; ajuste de velocidade dos eixos de movimento do equipamento de forma automática ou manual; e sistema de ajuda online. Características importantes apresentadas pelo sistema proposto são a precisão no controle da velocidade, a capacidade de armazenar configurações diversas para diferentes equipamentos, possibilidade de reproduzir de forma automática até 100 vezes uma operação programada, facilitando a produção em série e capacidade de armazenar uma seqüência de comandos manuais, possibilitando a programação por aprendizagem. Testes práticos de operação do sistema demonstraram a viabilidade de aplicação da técnica em processos que demandam automação programável.