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Text in English / The practice of church planting has become commonplace for many evangelical denominations in the Maritime Provinces of Atlantic Canada in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Many of these new churches have not been able to attain expectations for long-term viability as presented in much of the literature on church planting, especially from American based sources. The science of practical theology enabled research into the religious and cultural milieu of this region to inform the practice of church planting. The study tested the hypothesis that there are unique and identifiable characteristics that are common to long-term viable church planting situations in the Maritime Provinces of Atlantic Canada. It compared the common characteristics with the widely accepted Indigenous Church Mission Theory that states a new church should be self-supporting, self-propagating and self-governing within three years of establishment. A conceptual framework was developed based on available literature from North American, Canadian and global sources on church planting which examined church planting theories in regard to: theological issues, including foundational Biblical concepts, current theological issues and vision; structural issues including church political structures and leadership issues; cultural and geographical issues. This study of church planting situations in the region has employed a grounded theory method, using a constant comparative process, to reveal data that begins to form a theoretical base for church planting. The researcher used semi-standardized in-depth interviews of pastors, from evangelical churches, involved in church planting in the Maritime Provinces, along with case studies based on the researchers own experience in the field, to derive data that reveals common characteristics of church planting in the region. The analysis of research data from the in-depth interviews and case studies, when compared to one another and the conceptual framework, revealed unique and identifiable characteristics of church planting in the Maritime Provinces. These characteristics are: slower change and slower establishment of new churches in the region compared to literature based expectations; the prevalence of a pastor formulated vision for new churches; traditional thinking in the region that led to slower growth of new congregations; rural isolation and a smaller demographic base that led to slower growth and the need for sustained financial support for new churches. / Practical Theology / D. Th. (Practical Theology)

Text in English / The practice of church planting has become commonplace for many evangelical denominations in the Maritime Provinces of Atlantic Canada in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Many of these new churches have not been able to attain expectations for long-term viability as presented in much of the literature on church planting, especially from American based sources. The science of practical theology enabled research into the religious and cultural milieu of this region to inform the practice of church planting. The study tested the hypothesis that there are unique and identifiable characteristics that are common to long-term viable church planting situations in the Maritime Provinces of Atlantic Canada. It compared the common characteristics with the widely accepted Indigenous Church Mission Theory that states a new church should be self-supporting, self-propagating and self-governing within three years of establishment. A conceptual framework was developed based on available literature from North American, Canadian and global sources on church planting which examined church planting theories in regard to: theological issues, including foundational Biblical concepts, current theological issues and vision; structural issues including church political structures and leadership issues; cultural and geographical issues. This study of church planting situations in the region has employed a grounded theory method, using a constant comparative process, to reveal data that begins to form a theoretical base for church planting. The researcher used semi-standardized in-depth interviews of pastors, from evangelical churches, involved in church planting in the Maritime Provinces, along with case studies based on the researchers own experience in the field, to derive data that reveals common characteristics of church planting in the region. The analysis of research data from the in-depth interviews and case studies, when compared to one another and the conceptual framework, revealed unique and identifiable characteristics of church planting in the Maritime Provinces. These characteristics are: slower change and slower establishment of new churches in the region compared to literature based expectations; the prevalence of a pastor formulated vision for new churches; traditional thinking in the region that led to slower growth of new congregations; rural isolation and a smaller demographic base that led to slower growth and the need for sustained financial support for new churches. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / D. Th. (Practical Theology)

Résumé : La cartographie des bio-régions des océans est d'une importance clé pour permettre une meilleure compréhension des dynamiques des écosystèmes qui y sont présents et permettre une saine gestion de ceux-ci. Les classifications actuelles utilisent les mêmes combinaisons d'attributs soit : la bathymétrie, la température de surface, la concentration en chlorophylle a et certaines luminances normalisées (443 nm, 520 nm 550 nm). L'utilisation de la variabilité de 2e ordre du signal optique de la chlorophylle a a permis de mettre en évidence d'autres attributs globaux, indépendants de la concentration en chlorophylle a, ouvrant la porte à de nouvelles démarches de classification non dirigée des océans en provinces biogéochimiques. L'objectif de l'étude est de développer une méthode de classification dynamique, non dirigée des provinces océaniques en utilisant une combinaison de données satellitaires, soit : les signatures optiques des constituants biochimiques présents dans l'océan et les propriétés physiques des masses d'eau selon une nouvelle approche intégrant à la fois des informations complémentaires et indépendantes de la chlorophylle a. Le but étant d'effectuer la classification des provinces océaniques de l'Atlantique Nord pour la période de disponibilité des données MODIS Aqua (2002-2012) et de déterminer l'évolution spatiale des provinces océaniques et leur succession au fil du temps. L'application de différentes techniques de classification a été réalisée sur deux jeux de données mis en place pour les besoins de l'étude. Les résultats montrent que la méthode K-mean et la méthode DBSCAN ne sont pas appropriées pour classifier de manière dynamique les provinces bio-optiques de l'Atlantique Nord. Une nouvelle méthode de classification : PRODENCAN, a été développée pour combler les lacunes de ces techniques. Les résultats obtenus par cette méthode permettent de confirmer le potentiel d'améliorer la classification océanique par l'utilisation de la variabilité de 2e ordre du signal optique de la chlorophylle a mais n'ont pas permis la création d'un patron de classification dynamique pour l'Atlantique Nord. Ceux-ci permettent de préciser le processus de résolution de ce problème par l'implémentation d'un jeu de données spécifiquement choisi d'un point de vue spatial et temporel. L'analyse dynamique a permis de confirmer le potentiel de l'utilisation de la variabilité de 2e ordre du signale optique de la chlorophylle a combinée à la température de surface de l'eau et de la concentration en chlorophylle a pour mieux définir des régions bio-optiques ayant des signatures phénologiques distinctives.||Abstract : Mapping bioregions of the oceans is of key importance for a better understanding the dynamics of ecosystems in oceans and ensure the adequate management of them. Actual existing classifications use the same combinations of attributes including: bathymetry, sea surface temperature, chlorophyll concentration and certain standard luminance (443 nm, 520 nm 550 nm). The use of second order variability of optical signals from chlorophyll a suggest other possible global attributes, independent of chlorophyll a concentration, opening doors to new approaches in unsupervised classification of oceans biogechimical provinces. The objective of the study is to develop a method of ocean provinces dynamic unsupervised classification, using a combination of satellite data as : optical signatures of biochemical constituents in the ocean and the physical properties of water masses according to a new approach that integrates both information complementary and independent of chlorophyll a. The goal is to perform the classification of oceanic provinces of the North Atlantic for the availability period of MODIS Aqua (2002-2012) and to determine the spatial evolution of oceanic provinces and their succession over time. Different techniques of classification were carried out on two data sets developed for the purposes of the study. The results show that the K-mean and DBSCAN method are not appropriate to perform bio-optical provinces dynamic classification of the North Atlantic. A new method of classification: PRODENCAN was developed to fill the gaps of these techniques. The results obtained by this method can confirm the potential to improve the classification by the use of second order variability of chlorophyll a optical signals but have not yet led to the creation of a dynamic pattern classification for North Atlantic. Nevertheless, they allow to specify the process for solving this problem by implementing a set of specifically training data spatially and temporally chosen. Dynamic analysis has confirmed the potential for the use of second order variability of chlorophyll a optical signals combined with sea surface temperature and the chlorophyll a concentration to better define bio-optical regions with distinctive phenology signatures. [symboles non conformes]

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2003. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 291-313).

The thesis undertaken in the following pages originated in the author's participation in a larger study of the Atlantic region of Canada, à region which embraces the four provinces of Newfoundland, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. This major project is concerned with the construction of input-output tables for each of the four provinces and one for the region as a whole. It is designed to allow study of the interindustry structure of the region and its sectoral demand, first, as a function of the activity levels of the various industries, and, second, as a function of final output. [...]

Until very recently the south-western part of the Eastern Townships had not received a great deal of attention from geomorphologists; indeed in the Eastern Townships as a whole the work has been essentially of a reconnaissance nature. However, lying as it does at the junction of the Appalachian ridges to the south and the St. Lawrence Lowlands to the north, one might expect it to be interesting from two points of view: firstly in having morphological features common to both areas and secondly in offering the possibility of a comparison between their sequences of development. In recent years the attention has been focussed on two particular topics which reflect increasing awareness of the significance of the area as a field of geomorphological research: the development of pre-glacial topography (Sangree, 1953; Bird, 1961) and studies of glacial geomorphology (Dresser and Denis, 1944; Sangree, 1953; Cooke, 1957). [...]

Political duration has been investigated with rigour at the cross-national level of analysis and increasingly at the Canadian level. Canada proves to be an interesting case in the cross-national literature. However, the Canadian provincial level of analysis has not been examined within the political duration literature. Studies of political duration have typically focused on cabinet, government, leader and individual legislator duration while neglecting party duration. Yet, it is important to consider the length of time a party spends in power because of its influence on the policy process. Legislators, governments and parties can become apathetic after long periods in power, which can stagnate policy development. Some parties have governed for exceptionally long periods of time in the provinces while other parties have ceased to hold office after just one term. Why is it that some parties last longer than others? Using event-history modelling and multiple logistic regression this thesis examines three different research questions: 1) What accounts for the variation in party government survival 2) What factors explain individual government survival in Canada for the period, 1945-2012 3) What factors contribute to election survival, in order to explain the duration story. I test the variables that have been identified in the cross-national literature as affecting political duration in the Canadian provinces. Cox proportional hazard models are used to test the variables in the first and second research question, while a multiple logistic regression is used to test what factors contribute to election survival. The thesis finds that leadership change, fractionalization and minority status have an effect on duration. The findings in this thesis confirm that, like Canada, the provinces are exceptional cases. While some of the identified explanatory variables affect political duration in the provinces, the usual variables do not completely explain the political duration story in the Canadian provinces.

Thesis (M.R.M.)--Acadia University, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-97). Also available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.C.S.)--Regent College, Vancouver, B.C., 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 177-181).