Vir die wetenskaplike bestuur van natuurreservate is die toepassing van ekologiese kennis nodig om die vooraf bepaalde doelstellings te bereik. Dit is dus noodsaaklik dat die bestuurder die fundamentele ekologiese beginsels verstaan en kan toepas. Die klimaat, geologie en grande van die Honnet-natuurreservaat word aan die hand van beskikbare literatuur bespreek. Die klimaat van die gebied kan as semi-aried beskou word. Die belangrikste geologiese formasies is basalt, Clarenssandsteen, doleriet, alluvium en ijoliet. Vyf grondvorme naamlik Hutton, Glenrosa, Oakleaf, Dundee en Mispah kom op die reservaat voor. Die plantegroei is met behulp van die Braun-Blanquet-benadering geklassifiseer en die strukturele beskrywing deur van die Varieerbare-kwadrantperseelmetode gebruik te maak. Twaalf plantgemeenskappe met vier variasies is onderskei en gekarteer. Ses bestuurseenhede is op grand van kenmerkende plantgemeenskappe 1 grondvorm en topografie onderskei. Die veldtoestand is met behulp van drie verskillende metodes bepaall waarvan die ekologiese indeksmetode die aanvaarbaarste resul taat gel ewer het. Die veldtoestand is swak met 1 n telling van 360 vir die totale studiegebied. Die weikapasiteit vir die studiegebied is 29 GVE. Die droemassa-produksie van die graslaag is in elke bestuurseenheid bepaal en 1 n gemiddeld van 345.4 kgjha is vir die totale studiegebied verkry. Die beskikbare blaarmateriaal vir elke bestuurseenheid en die totale studiegebied is bepaal. Op dies 1.5 m1 >1.5-2.0 m en >2.0-5.0 m hoogteklasse was 4 090.0 kgjha 1 2 605.2 kgjha en 8 990.6 kgjha blaarmateriaal onderskeidelik beskikbaar. 'n Regressievergelyking tussen die produksie van die graslaag en boomdigtheid (ETBE) word met ander soortgelyke studies vergelyk. Die positiewe korrelasie in die studiegebied teenoor die negatiewe korrelasie deur ander navorsers gevind kan moontlik aan die oormatige oorbeweiding en vertrapping van die reservaat toegeskryf word. Die bevolkingstruktuur, habitat- en voedselvoorkeure van die verskillende grater soogdiersoorte is ondersoek. Die dierebevolkings is gesond. Die gemsbok en rooihartbees kom nie natuurlik in die gebied voor nie en 'n werklik geskikte habitat vir die waterbok 1 bestaan nie op die reservaat nie. Dit word aanbeveel dat die diersoorte van die reservaat verwyder word. Vraelyste is aan besoekers uitgedeel om vas te stel aan watter tipe aktiwiteite hulle sal deelneem 1 waarvolgens 1 n voorkeur vir staproetes 1 wildkykritte en swem bestaan. Voorstelle vir omgewingsopvoeding en verskillende aspekte van toerisme word gemaak. 'n Oornagvoetslaanroete word aanbeveel en is reeds ui tgemerk. Die wei- en blaarvreetkapasiteit vir die reservaat is onderskeidelik 28.2 GVE en 180 BVE waarvolgens wildladings aanbeveel is. Aanbevelings word· vir algemene wild- en veldbestuur, onder andere gereelde wildtellings, monitering van veldtoestand en oop- en toemaak van waterpunte gemaak. Passiewe aanpassingsbestuur word aanbeveel waardeur wildgetalle aangepas word volgens die reenval en veldtoestand. 'n Beslui tnemingsmodel word aangebied wat as riglyn en hulpmiddel in die neem van bestuursbesluite kan dien. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 1995. / gm2013 / Animal and Wildlife Sciences / unrestricted

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / This study entails an analysis of the inherent grammatical and phonological variation which are characteristic of Cape Afrikaans. On the basis of the inherent variation which is documented in the preliminary part of this study, the relationship between inherent phonological variation and language change is analyzed by means of a deductive validation procedure in the central part of it. In the first ..chapter the epistemological basis of this study is set out, and a review is given of various empirical validation procedures, and criticism of linguistic analysis by means of deductive validation is evaluated. The research methodology, i.e. the field work and quantification techniques for the deductive analysis of Afrikaans· cassette recordings of 139 Cape Afrikaans respondents is documented in chapter two. In the third chapter it is argued that the proposed analysis of inherent linguistic variation and languáge change can best be conducted within the framework of the sociocultural context of pragmatic language use rather than within a theory of linguistic competence The fourth chapter commences with a brief review of the various domains of language change and is followed by evidence from a wide variety of languages which suggests that sociocultural factors play a major role during language change. The chapter is concluded with the proposal that language change can best be studied within the framework of linguistic -variation which William Labov pioneered. The fifth chapter consists of a review of phonological, lexical and syntactic variation inherent in cape Afrikaans. The findings of this study are reported in the sixth and final chapter. The study concludes that inherent linguistic variation forms the basis for the sociocultural stratification of Cape Afrikaans and that tt also serves as the mechanism for linguistic change in this variety of Afrikaans.

South Africa's water resources are, in global terms, scarce and extremely limited (DWAF, 2004). Groundwater is a valuable source of potable water in South Africa. It was found that most of the health facilities in the Limpopo Province depend on groundwater as sole source of potable water. Groundwater quality is to a great extent influenced by the dominant land use in the vicinity of an aquifer. It is therefore important to carefully manage possible pollution sources of anthropogenic origin. This may be seen as pro–active water quality management that may result in significant saving on water treatment. This aim of this study is to obtain a regional view of the water quality situation at clinics and other health facilities in the Limpopo Province. It was found that the general water quality at health facilities in the Province is questionable. It is of concern to note that 56% of health facilities use water that is unacceptable for human consumption. Water quality may be managed by introducing appropriate treatment options to treat the water to ideal water quality standards. This dissertation explores some treatment options used at health facilities in the Province. The efficiency of these treatment systems is also investigated. / Thesis (M.Sc. (Geography and Environmental Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

South Africa's water resources are, in global terms, scarce and extremely limited (DWAF, 2004). Groundwater is a valuable source of potable water in South Africa. It was found that most of the health facilities in the Limpopo Province depend on groundwater as sole source of potable water. Groundwater quality is to a great extent influenced by the dominant land use in the vicinity of an aquifer. It is therefore important to carefully manage possible pollution sources of anthropogenic origin. This may be seen as pro–active water quality management that may result in significant saving on water treatment. This aim of this study is to obtain a regional view of the water quality situation at clinics and other health facilities in the Limpopo Province. It was found that the general water quality at health facilities in the Province is questionable. It is of concern to note that 56% of health facilities use water that is unacceptable for human consumption. Water quality may be managed by introducing appropriate treatment options to treat the water to ideal water quality standards. This dissertation explores some treatment options used at health facilities in the Province. The efficiency of these treatment systems is also investigated. / Thesis (M.Sc. (Geography and Environmental Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document / Thesis (PhD (Botany))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Plant Science / unrestricted

The aim of this study was to identify the algal genera found in the different freshwater bodies on Marion Island, to relate the presence or absence of the genera to the chemistry of the water bodies and to group the genera according to their limno-chemical preferences. The Island's freshwater algal genera were also compared with genera found on other Southern Ocean islands. The major factors influencing the chemical composition of the freshwaters of the island are the surrounding ocean and the manuring of seals and seabirds. The Western and Southern lakelets and wallows had higher mean conductivity values than most of the other water bodies. Eastern Inland lakelets, crater lakes and glacial lakes had low ion and nutrient concentrations, since they are mainly situated inland, away from bird or seal colonies. The chemical composition of wallows was influenced by manuring of seals and seabirds. The freshwaters are acidic and lakelets tend to be more acidic than glacial lakes. The lentic waters were more acidic than the stream. In total, 106 genera, mainly belonging to Chlorophyta (60 genera; 56% of total) and Cyanophyta (29 genera; 27% of total), were found in the freshwaters on the island. Other algal divisions found were Chrysophyta (7 genera), Euglenophyta (4 genera), Pyrrophyta (2 genera) and Xanthophyta (4 genera). Mean number of genera per sample ranged from 8 (in wallows) to 16 (in Eastern Inland lakelets). Filamentous algae were present in all the samples. Abundant green algae were Cosmarium, Klebsormidium, Mougeotia and Oedogonium. The most common cyanobacteria were Lyngbya and Chroococcus. The filamentous yellow-green alga, Tribonema, was also common. There were distinct differences in the algal composition between the southern, western and northern lakelets and the lakelets on the eastern side of the island. Sixty percent of the algal genera were present in waters with low conductivity values. Trichodesmium, Sphaerocystis and Tolypothrix occurred in freshwater bodies with higher conductivity values. Variance analysis showed that 87 of the 106 genera were less likely to occur in nitrogen and phosphate containing waters. Chlamydomonas, Prasiola, Spirogyra Trachelomonas, Tribonema, Ulothrix and Xanthidium were among the genera commonly found in nitrogen and phosphate containing waters. Diversity (number of genera per sample) was negatively correlated with conductivity, PO4-P, NH4-N and NO3-N. Diversity declined significantly with increasing salinity and eutrophication. Genera likely to occur in acidic waters include Binuclearia, Chlamydomonas, Chroococcus, Cosmarium, Klebsormidium, Microspora, Oedogonium, Oocystis, Prasiola, Scenedesmus, Staurastrum, Stigeoclonium, Tetrastrum, Ulothrix, Lyngbya, Synura and Tribonema. Marion Island’s algal flora shows a high affinity with that of Îles Kerguelen and Crozet, both located in the same biogeographical province (South Indian Ocean Province) of the sub-Antarctic than Marion Island, and a lesser affinity with islands in other sub-Antarctic provinces. Algal genera were grouped according to their limno-chemistry preferences. / Thesis (MSc (Environmental Sciences))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

The aim of this study was to identify the algal genera found in the different freshwater bodies on Marion Island, to relate the presence or absence of the genera to the chemistry of the water bodies and to group the genera according to their limno-chemical preferences. The Island's freshwater algal genera were also compared with genera found on other Southern Ocean islands. The major factors influencing the chemical composition of the freshwaters of the island are the surrounding ocean and the manuring of seals and seabirds. The Western and Southern lakelets and wallows had higher mean conductivity values than most of the other water bodies. Eastern Inland lakelets, crater lakes and glacial lakes had low ion and nutrient concentrations, since they are mainly situated inland, away from bird or seal colonies. The chemical composition of wallows was influenced by manuring of seals and seabirds. The freshwaters are acidic and lakelets tend to be more acidic than glacial lakes. The lentic waters were more acidic than the stream. In total, 106 genera, mainly belonging to Chlorophyta (60 genera; 56% of total) and Cyanophyta (29 genera; 27% of total), were found in the freshwaters on the island. Other algal divisions found were Chrysophyta (7 genera), Euglenophyta (4 genera), Pyrrophyta (2 genera) and Xanthophyta (4 genera). Mean number of genera per sample ranged from 8 (in wallows) to 16 (in Eastern Inland lakelets). Filamentous algae were present in all the samples. Abundant green algae were Cosmarium, Klebsormidium, Mougeotia and Oedogonium. The most common cyanobacteria were Lyngbya and Chroococcus. The filamentous yellow-green alga, Tribonema, was also common. There were distinct differences in the algal composition between the southern, western and northern lakelets and the lakelets on the eastern side of the island. Sixty percent of the algal genera were present in waters with low conductivity values. Trichodesmium, Sphaerocystis and Tolypothrix occurred in freshwater bodies with higher conductivity values. Variance analysis showed that 87 of the 106 genera were less likely to occur in nitrogen and phosphate containing waters. Chlamydomonas, Prasiola, Spirogyra Trachelomonas, Tribonema, Ulothrix and Xanthidium were among the genera commonly found in nitrogen and phosphate containing waters. Diversity (number of genera per sample) was negatively correlated with conductivity, PO4-P, NH4-N and NO3-N. Diversity declined significantly with increasing salinity and eutrophication. Genera likely to occur in acidic waters include Binuclearia, Chlamydomonas, Chroococcus, Cosmarium, Klebsormidium, Microspora, Oedogonium, Oocystis, Prasiola, Scenedesmus, Staurastrum, Stigeoclonium, Tetrastrum, Ulothrix, Lyngbya, Synura and Tribonema. Marion Island’s algal flora shows a high affinity with that of Îles Kerguelen and Crozet, both located in the same biogeographical province (South Indian Ocean Province) of the sub-Antarctic than Marion Island, and a lesser affinity with islands in other sub-Antarctic provinces. Algal genera were grouped according to their limno-chemistry preferences. / Thesis (MSc (Environmental Sciences))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

A large number of children find themselves in foster care situations in South Africa with placements that have to be monitored by social workers. This is a demanding task, given the nature of foster placements and the high caseloads of social workers responsible for monitoring of foster placements. Although a wealth of information on resource management is to be found in the prevailing literature, no comparative volume of information is to be found on foster care resources in child welfare in particular. A model for resource management in this field must still be developed. In view of this and considering the role occupied by the researcher in the Kerklike Maatskaplike Diens: Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa, it was decided to embark on a research project investigating the use of resources in the field of child welfare, specifically with foster care social workers. The aim of the study is to assess whether adequate resources are available. The availability and utilisation of resources in the field of child welfare is under-researched and a resource management system for this purpose should still be developed. The research results indicated that social workers monitoring foster care placements have high caseloads and that resources, even though they are utilised to a certain extent, are not always accessible or effective. The most important learning needs were related to organisational, community and professional resources that could be considered unrealistic, ineffective, inaccessible and not feasible in most circumstances. Further main challenges are a lack of resources and time, a lack of co-operation from the foster parents and the biological parents respectively and the shortage of foster care social workers in South Africa. / Thesis (MSW)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

A large number of children find themselves in foster care situations in South Africa with placements that have to be monitored by social workers. This is a demanding task, given the nature of foster placements and the high caseloads of social workers responsible for monitoring of foster placements. Although a wealth of information on resource management is to be found in the prevailing literature, no comparative volume of information is to be found on foster care resources in child welfare in particular. A model for resource management in this field must still be developed. In view of this and considering the role occupied by the researcher in the Kerklike Maatskaplike Diens: Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa, it was decided to embark on a research project investigating the use of resources in the field of child welfare, specifically with foster care social workers. The aim of the study is to assess whether adequate resources are available. The availability and utilisation of resources in the field of child welfare is under-researched and a resource management system for this purpose should still be developed. The research results indicated that social workers monitoring foster care placements have high caseloads and that resources, even though they are utilised to a certain extent, are not always accessible or effective. The most important learning needs were related to organisational, community and professional resources that could be considered unrealistic, ineffective, inaccessible and not feasible in most circumstances. Further main challenges are a lack of resources and time, a lack of co-operation from the foster parents and the biological parents respectively and the shortage of foster care social workers in South Africa. / Thesis (MSW)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

With parts of SA in a malaria endemic area, a preventative way of fighting malaria is with the use of pesticides such as 1,1,1–Trichloro–2,2–bis(pclorophenyl) ethane, also known as DDT. DDT is listed under the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and considered an endocrine disruptive compound (EDC) under the Stockholm Convention. SA registered an exemption to use DDT as means to fight malaria. DDT and its isomers are, however, known EDCs. Combined with their ability to persist in the environment while not being target specific motivates further studies into possible detrimental effects. The present study aimed to establish if ED was present by comparing the male reproductive organs from snails from an area currently sprayed with DDT (for malaria control) to an area not sprayed with DDT in the Limpopo Province. A possible endpoint (the penis sheath/preputium length ratio or PSPLR) was identified for the freshwater snail Bulinus tropicus. B. tropicus and sediment samples were collected from DDT–sprayed and nonsprayed areas located close together. The snails were dissected and various morphometric parameters measured. Sediments from the sites where the snails were collected were analysed for DDT using GC–MS. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in PSPLR (and therefore possible ED) between snails from the two areas. The difference in PSPLR values was mainly due to a relatively shorter preputium for the snails from the DDT–sprayed area. Even though the sediment samples showed that DDT was present in most of the DDT–sprayed sites and not in the non–DDT sprayed sites, causality of the possible ED could not be established from this field study. This study indicated the possibility of using the PSPLR as endpoint for ED. Recommendations are made for further development of the PSPLR and B. tropicus as biological indicators for endocrine disruption, but causality must first be established. / Thesis (M.Sc (Environmental Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.