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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

O comportamento pr?-social de crian?as com sintomatologia do transtorno da conduta

Medeiros, Mayara Wenice Alves de 03 November 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-01-14T19:22:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MayaraWeniceAlvesDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 3773085 bytes, checksum: 84611ec75b4661a9e384a0da34daea74 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-01-15T21:46:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MayaraWeniceAlvesDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 3773085 bytes, checksum: 84611ec75b4661a9e384a0da34daea74 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-15T21:46:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MayaraWeniceAlvesDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 3773085 bytes, checksum: 84611ec75b4661a9e384a0da34daea74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-03 / Os comportamentos pr?-sociais s?o vistos diariamente na nossa vida, frequentemente presenciamos pessoas dando esmolas, ajudando um vizinho a fazer uma mudan?a, doando sangue, cuidando dos filhos de um amigo, entre outros. Em uma perspectiva evolucionista, provavelmente esses comportamentos se fazem presentes pelo seu alto valor adaptativo para nossa esp?cie, justamente pela depend?ncia que temos da vida em grupo para nossa sobreviv?ncia. Provavelmente, por esse mesmo motivo, desde crian?as j? mostramos uma prefer?ncia por comportamentos pr?-sociais a comportamentos antissociais, sendo essa prefer?ncia mais vis?vel ao passo que crescemos. Entretanto, crian?as com sintomas do transtorno da conduta mostram um padr?o de comportamento agressivo, impulsivo e mais ego?sta que crian?as sem a sintomatologia. Al?m disso, essas crian?as tamb?m vivenciam ambientes, onde os comportamentos antissociais s?o mais frequentes e intensos se comparado ? popula??o geral. Experimentos com priming s?o uma forma de medir a influ?ncia de pistas ambientais simples sobre o nosso comportamento, por exemplo, dirigimos mais r?pido quando escutamos m?sicas aceleradas, pessoas religiosas ajudam mais diante de elementos religiosos, como a b?blia, e crian?as s?o mais cooperadoras ap?s jogarem jogos de cunho educativo. Com isso, o presente estudo teve como objetivos: avaliar se existe diferen?a na generosidade, por meio do comportamento de partilha, entre crian?as que apresentam sintomatologia do transtorno da conduta e crian?as que n?o apresentam a dita sintomatologia; analisar a influ?ncia de um priming pr?-social sobre o comportamento de partilha em crian?as com ou sem sintomatologia do transtorno da conduta; e por fim, analisar sob a perspectiva evolucionista as raz?es dadas por crian?as com ou sem sintomatologia do transtorno da conduta para partilhar ou n?o com o melhor amigo de sala de aula. Para isso, os professores das crian?as respondiam um invent?rio que sinalizava para a presen?a ou aus?ncia de sintomatologia do transtorno da conduta. As crian?as com ou sem sintomatologia podiam passar por uma condi??o experimental (com priming) ou por uma condi??o controle (sem priming). Na condi??o experimental as crian?as assistiam a dois v?deos curtos mostrando ajuda e partilha entre os pares, realizavam uma atividade de distra??o, e por fim, escolhiam dois entre quatro materiais mostrados pelo experimentador e decidiam quanto desses dois materiais gostariam de partilhar com o melhor amigo de sala de aula. Em seguida, ix eram questionadas a crian?a as raz?es da partilha e da reten??o. As crian?as da condi??o controle faziam as mesmas atividades, por?m n?o assistiam aos v?deos. Os resultados encontrados mostram uma diferen?a do efeito do priming de acordo com a fase do desenvolvimento na qual a crian?a se encontra; uma diferen?a na quantidade de material doado por crian?as com ou sem sintomas do transtorno da conduta, e uma mudan?a dessa diferen?a diante do priming pr?-social; e por fim, uma converg?ncia entre o pensamento utilizado por crian?as nas raz?es de partilha e as Teorias Evolucionistas. Esses resultados sinalizam a import?ncia de fatores individuais, do desenvolvimento, ambientais e evolutivos no comportamento pr?-social de crian?as com e sem sintomas do transtorno da conduta. / Pro-social behaviors are seen regularly throughout our daily lives, as we often witness people giving alms, helping a neighbor move, donating blood, or taking care of a friend's children, among others. From an evolutionary perspective, such behaviors occur because they have a high adaptive value to our species, precisely due to our high degree of dependence on group living for survival. Probably, for this same reason, since children have shown a preference for prosocial behaviors over antisocial behaviors, this preference becomes more visible as we grow. However, children with symptoms of conduct disorder show a pattern of aggressive, impulsive and more selfish behaviors than children without such symptoms. Furthermore, these children also experience environments in which antisocial behaviors are more frequent and intense compared to the general population. Priming experiments are one way of measuring the influence of simple environmental cues on our behavior. For example, driving faster when listening to music, religious people help more on religious elements, like the bible, and children are more cooperative after playing games of an educational nature. Thus, the objectives of the current study were to: evaluate whether there is any difference in generosity, through sharing behavior, among children with and without symptoms of conduct disorder; analyze the influence of prosocial priming on sharing behavior on children with and without symptoms of conduct disorder; and finally, analyze from an evolutionary perspective, the reasons given by children with and without symptoms of conduct disorder for sharing or not sharing with their best friend in a classroom environment. To address this question, the teachers of these children were asked to respond to an inventory that was designed to signal the presence or absence of symptoms of conduct disorder. Children identified as having or not having symptoms of conduct disorder could then undergo an experimental (with priming) or control (no priming) condition. Under the experimental condition, the children were asked to watch two short videos showing scenes of helping and sharing among peers, to perform a distraction activity, and finally to chose two of four different materials presented by the researcher and decide how much of these two materials they would like to share with their best friend in the classroom. Then the children were asked about their reasons for sharing or not sharing. Children subjected to the control condition performed the same activities as in the xi experimental condition, but did not watch the video first. The results showed a notable difference in the effect of priming in accordance with the child's stage of development; a difference in the amount of material donated to a best friend by children with and without symptoms of conduct disorder, and a change in this observed difference with the influence of pro-social priming; and finally, a convergence in the thinking of children regarding their reasons for sharing with evolutionary theory. The results of this study also indicate the importance of individual factors, developmental stage, environmental and evolutionary conditions in the pro-social behavior of children with and without symptoms of conduct disorder.

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