Freud iniciou suas reflexões sobre o trauma partindo da etiologia das neuroses e da sua proposta do aparelho de linguagem. Após considerar a relação do trauma com a fantasia, vinculou-o à repetição e à pulsão de morte, dando ênfase ao inassimilável da experiência e propondo uma saída pela narrativa. Se Freud considerou a sexualidade traumática, Lacan propôs a existência de linguagem do ser falante como traumática. Do trauma ao troumatismo, suas elaborações sobre o tema apontam ao que excede o simbólico e o imaginário, aludindo o real: a tique e o troumatismo, e apontando no limite da fala, a escrita. Esse trabalho é um percurso passo a passo que nos permite levantar algumas questões para o que nomeamos clínica do trauma. Trata-se de uma clínica que deve operar com o inassimilável do instante traumático como primeiro modo de intervenção, o qual exige que possamos pensar suas particularidades / Freud began his reflections on trauma based on the etiology of neuroses and his proposal of the language device. After considering the relationship of trauma with the fantasy, linked it to the repetition and the death instinct, emphasizing the unassimilable aspect experience and proposing a way out by the narrative. If Freud considered traumatic sexuality, Lacan proposed the existence of the language of the talking being as being traumatic. From trauma to troumatismo, his elaborations on the topic point to what exceeds the symbolic and the imaginary, alluding to the real: the tyche and troumatismo, and pointing out at the limit of speech the writing. This work is a step-by-step route that allows us to raise some issues for which we call the trauma clinic. This is a clinic that must operate with the unassimilable aspect of the traumatic instant as a first mode of intervention, which requires us to be able to think about its particularities

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-08-24T12:53:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Camila Parducci Arruda.pdf: 1424524 bytes, checksum: a6c5ccf063f5a352f8ee4c104eeb5aea (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-24T12:53:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camila Parducci Arruda.pdf: 1424524 bytes, checksum: a6c5ccf063f5a352f8ee4c104eeb5aea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In the world’s population, about 20% of women and 5% to 10% of men report having been sexually abused in childhood (WHO, 2014). This research approached the theme from the theory and practice of Analytical Psychology, and aimed at conducting a clinical study of a five year old girl with a complaint of sexual abuse. The psychodynamics and emotional state of the child are described based on an interpretive and symbolic analysis of her graphic and verbal expressions. The qualitative method used was that of the case study. The analysis is based upon impressions gained and data gathered during six psychodiagnostic sessions that included anamnesis with the mother of the child, application of HTP, CAT-A, drawing of the Person in the Rain, spontaneous graphic productions, observations of play and the child’s behavior. The case study identified signs of complex trauma (VAN DER KOLK, 2005), with characteristics that frequently occur in cases of child sexual abuse, such as dissociative defenses, sadness, lowered self-esteem, insecurity, graphic expressions of imprisonment and contents that clearly held sexual connotations. It was found that the therapeutic setting offers a protective and all-encompassing place for the expression of anguish and pain in cases of victimization and/or complaint of sexual abuse, as well as for the symbolic disclosure of the trauma and its consequences. The study concludes that early psychological intervention is fundamental to minimize severe prognosis when child sexual abuse is suspected and to assist the child in his/her development / Na população mundial, cerca de 20% das mulheres e de 5 a 10% dos homens relatam ter sofrido abuso sexual na infância (OMS, 2014). O presente trabalho aborda o tema a partir da teoria e prática da Psicologia Analítica, e seu objetivo foi realizar um estudo clínico de uma menina de cinco anos com queixa de abuso sexual. Descreveu-se a psicodinâmica e o estado emocional da criança e realizou-se uma análise interpretativa e simbólica de suas expressões gráficas e verbais. O método qualitativo utilizado foi o do estudo de caso. A análise realizada foi elaborada a partir de seis sessões de psicodiagnóstico, compostas por anamnese com a mãe da criança, aplicação de HTP, CAT-A, desenho da Pessoa na Chuva, produções gráficas espontâneas, observações do jogo lúdico e do comportamento da criança. O estudo de caso identificou indícios de trauma complexo (VAN DER KOLK, 2005), com características que se apresentam com frequência em casos de abuso sexual infantil, tais como defesas dissociativas, tristeza, autoestima rebaixada, insegurança, expressões gráficas de aprisionamento e com marcante significado sexual. Pôde-se perceber que o setting terapêutico oferece um espaço continente para expressão de angústias e dores em casos de vitimização e/ou queixa de abuso sexual, assim como para o desvelamento simbólico do trauma e de suas consequências. Conclui-se que a intervenção psicológica precoce é fundamental para minimizar prognósticos graves nos casos de suspeita de abuso sexual infantil e auxiliar a criança em seu desenvolvimento

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-10-19T12:01:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Manuela Nacandumbo.pdf: 5789089 bytes, checksum: e126dca96ac1a9ef55d0ac006e0b8451 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-19T12:01:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Manuela Nacandumbo.pdf: 5789089 bytes, checksum: e126dca96ac1a9ef55d0ac006e0b8451 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-27 / The present research aimed to understand the psychological effects on young people, resulting from traumatic events of the war in Angola. The following questions were researched: what were the traumatic experiences of war that the youth experienced, and how the war events affected and impacted their lives today. With respect to the research method, a qualitative study was done. For the survey data collection, two instruments were used: a self-completed questionnaire and drawings about the experience of war. The participants were high school students of the Santa Maria Goretti Missionary School in N'dalatando, capital of the Province of Kwanza Norte, Angola. 99 students, of both sexes, agenda between 16 and 26, participated in the study. The data were entered and analyzed in SPHINX software, aided by Excel and Word Cloud. The data were analyzed in the light of the specialized literature and organized into categories. The research was submitted and authorized by the Research and Ethics Committee, under the number of Opinion 2,071,586 and CAAE: 67127917.0.0000.5482. The results revealed that the participants, in their majority, the children, went through experiences of personal suffering, of their families, friends and even strangers. They saw people killed, mutilated, mistreated, psychologically and physically tortured, attacked and destroyed. There have also been several deprivations, such as hunger, thirst, lack of shelter and basic health care. They have pointed to various consequences of psychological and physical trauma, underdevelopment, in all dimensions of life, and marked moments of difficult overcoming and forgetfulness that impact their lives today. They expressed feelings of loss, irritability, sadness, fear, guilt, revolt, indifference, resentment, grief, disgust, abandonment, loneliness, repentance, hurt, hatred, anguish and pain / A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender os efeitos psicológicos em jovens, decorrentes de eventos traumáticos da guerra em Angola. Foram pesquisadas as seguintes questões: quais foram as experiências traumáticas de guerra que os jovens vivenciaram, e como os eventos de guerra afetaram e afetam a vida destes hoje. Em relação ao método de pesquisa, foi feito um estudo qualitativo. Para o levantamento dos dados da pesquisa, foram utilizados dois instrumentos: um questionário autopreenchido e desenhos sobre a vivência da guerra. Os participantes foram alunos do ensino médio da Escola Missionária Santa Maria Goretti em N’dalatando, capital da Província do Kwanza Norte, Angola. Participaram do estudo 99 alunos, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 16 e 26 anos. Os dados foram inseridos e analisados no software SPHINX, auxiliado pelo Excel e Nuvem de Palavras. Os dados foram analisados à luz da literatura especializada e organizados em categorias. A pesquisa foi submetida e autorizada pelo Comitê de Pesquisa e Ética, sob o Número do Parecer 2.071.586 e CAAE: 67127917.0.0000.5482. Os resultados revelaram que os participantes, na sua a maioria, enquanto crianças, passaram por experiências de sofrimento pessoal, das suas famílias, amigos e até de desconhecidos. Viram pessoas mortas, mutiladas, maltratadas, torturadas psicológica e fisicamente, ataques e destruições. Passaram também diversas privações, tais como: fome, sede, falta de abrigo e de cuidados básicos de saúde. Apontaram diversas consequências de trauma psicológico e físico, o subdesenvolvimento, em todas as dimensões da vida e, momentos marcantes de difícil superação e esquecimento que impactam a sua vida hoje. Expressaram sentimentos de perda, irritabilidade, tristeza, medo, culpa, revolta, indiferença, ressentimento, aflição, desgosto, abandono, solidão, arrependimento, mágoa, ódio, angústia e dor

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-10-31T11:33:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Isabela Garcia Rosa Hispagnol.pdf: 844136 bytes, checksum: 26976ae19f0875a7298a15ef40b8bb85 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-31T11:33:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Isabela Garcia Rosa Hispagnol.pdf: 844136 bytes, checksum: 26976ae19f0875a7298a15ef40b8bb85 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-16 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The relationship of care in early childhood is considered one of the most important aspect on the child’s physical and emotional development. The conditions under which this relationship occurs profoundly influence the child's construction of himself and the way he relates to the world around him. Adverse events such as violence, accidents, disasters, when perceived as a threat to life or physical integrity, impact not only the child who has experienced such a situation but also those who take care of her. This paper aims to understand the impact of a potentially traumatic situation on the care relationship, through the experience of the primary caregiver of a child up to twelve years of age who has experienced unintentional injury. The epistemology used was the Theory of Attachment developed by John Bowlby. It is a multiple case study with semi-structured interview to address the caregiver's experience. Three mothers of children between two and ten years of age participated in this qualitative study. From the result of the interviews the following categories of meanings were constructed: construction of the behavior of caring, which contemplated the internalized mother, the idealized mother and the possible mother; reactions and feelings at the moment and soon after the incident with the child; post-traumatic reactions; need to provide protection; balance between the various systems; the child's reactions to the event; new homeostasis among then. The changes regarding the caregiver system were related to certain factors such as: the previous emotional structure of the mother; the characteristics of the event; the perception of danger; and self-perception as a mother. The possible consequences for children's emotional development were also discussed. It was pointed out the necessity of new researches that approach this subject / A relação de cuidados na primeira infância é tida como primordial para o desenvolvimento físico e emocional do ser humano. As condições sob as quais esta relação ocorre influenciam profundamente a construção da criança acerca de si mesmo e o modo como se relaciona com o mundo a sua volta. Eventos adversos como violência, acidentes, desastres, quando percebidos como uma ameaça à vida ou à integridade física, impactam não só a criança que passou por tal situação como também a quem dela cuida. Este trabalho tem como objetivo compreender o impacto de uma situação potencialmente traumática na relação de cuidados, pela experiência do cuidador principal de uma criança de até doze anos que tenha passado por uma situação de ferimentos não intencionais. A epistemologia utilizada foi a Teoria do Apego desenvolvida por John Bowlby. Trata-se de um estudo de casos múltiplos instrumentos, com entrevista semidirigida para abordar a experiência do cuidador. Três mães de crianças entre dois e dez anos participaram deste estudo qualitativo. A partir do resultado das entrevistas foram construídas as seguintes categorias de significados: construção do comportamento de cuidar, que contemplou a mãe internalizada, a mãe idealizada e a mãe possível; as reações e os sentimentos no momento e logo apos o incidente com a criança; as reações póstraumáticas; a necessidade de dar proteção; o equilíbrio entre os diversos sistemas; as reações da criança ao evento; nova homeostase da dupla. As mudanças com relação ao sistema cuidador estavam relacionadas a determinados fatores como: a estrutura emocional prévia da mãe; as características do evento; a percepção de perigo; e a autopercepção como mãe. Foram discutidas as possíveis consequências para o desenvolvimento emocional das crianças, bem como foi apontada a necessidade de novas pesquisas que abordem este tema

O proposito deste estudo e avaliar o impacto psicologico da vivencia hospitalar de individuos que sofrem complicacoes pos-operatoria, partindo do pressuposto de que a intercorrencia agrava o quadro clinico com repercussoes na esfera psiquica destes pacientes. Teoricamente enfoca a evolucao do conceito de trauma na teoria freudiana, partindo do desamparo primordial (hilflosigkeit) ate a nova concepcao de angustia, levando em consideracao o fator economico, a nocao de a posteriori (nachträglichkeit) e a compulsao a repeticao. Com o intuito de ampliar a compreensao do fenomeno, o estudo percorre a etiologia do trauma para outros teoricos: Sandor Ferenczi, sobre o narcisismo da doenca; Donald W. Winnicott, que correlaciona o trauma a vivencia do fracasso do ambiente, a imprevisibilidade, ao excesso de tempo de exposicao a situacao desorganizadora, e a elevacao do nivel de dependencia. A constancia desta situacao leva ao que Maksud Khan nomeou de trauma cumulativo. A hipotese e a de que esta experiencia hospitalar pode promover um trauma psiquico, na medida em que o individuo se ve diante de uma situacao imprevisivel, que pode lhe causar transbordamento emocional pelo estado de desamparo, impotencia e risco da perda de sua integridade fisica -, que inibe uma elaboracao psiquica. Apos a alta hospitalar tais fatores podem, ainda, desencadear efeitos pos-traumaticos, acarretando-lhe, assim, uma dificuldade adaptativa. Para Moty Benyakar isto significa que o evento disruptivo pode promover um vivenciar traumatico dado a magnitude do impacto no psiquismo. Metodologicamente, para melhor compreensao do processo psiquico, faz-se um estudo longitudinal, de seis sujeitos, iniciando enquanto estes se encontram hospitalizados (situacao potencialmente traumatica), tres e seis meses apos a alta hospitalar. Na aplicacao do metodo qualitativo o estudo baseia-se na coleta de dados com entrevistas e na aplicacao reduzida da tecnica projetiva do TAT (Thematic Apperception Test). Pelo metodo quantitativo os pacientes sao submetidos a aplicacao da escala de avaliacao do transtorno de estresse pos-traumatico (CAPS Clinician Administred PTDS Scale). Esta pesquisa foi realizada em Hospital Escola de Universidade Publica, apos a aprovacao do Comite de Etica desta instituicao e do Comite de Etica para Seres Humanos do Instituto de Psicologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo. Atraves dos resultados obtidos na pesquisa pode-se constatar que ha uma relacao direta entre o evento e os seus efeitos no psiquismo. Pelo proprio carater disruptivo da instituicao hospitalar, dos encargos dos problemas de saude e do entorno (familiar, socioeconomico) o individuo vivencia uma vulnerabilidade fisica e psiquica. Contudo constatou-se que a dimensao da repercussao psiquica esta diretamente associada ao quadro clinico dos pesquisados, e ao tempo que ficam expostos a situacao potencialmente traumatica. Sendo este um fator fundamental na incidencia dos sintomas do Transtorno de Estresse Pos-traumatico. Com base neste estudo psicologico das complicacoes pos-operatorias, espera-se possibilitar aos profissionais de saude um novo olhar ao promover sua conscientizacao sobre problemas advindos desta experiencia, nao so aos individuos como, tambem, aos familiares, levantando a possibilidade de, se necessario, recorrerem a uma assistencia psicologica e/ou psiquiatrica / The objective of this study is to assess the psychological impact in subjects who stay in hospital after suffering from post-operative complications, on the assumption that the clinical picture gets worse causing troubles in the psychic area of these patients. Theoretically it focuses the evolution of the concept of trauma according to Freudian theory, since the primordial abandonment (hilflosigkeit) up to the new concept of distress, considering the economical situation, the concept of a posteriori (nachtraglichkeit) and the repetition compulsion. Aiming to offer a deeper understanding of the phenomenon, the study works with the etiology of trauma by other theorists: Sandor Ferenczi, about the narcissism of the disorder; Donald W. Winnicott, who relates the trauma to the experience of the environment failure, the unpredictability, the length of time facing a disordering situation, and the raising in dependence level. The constancy of this situation leads to what Maksud Khan called as cumulative trauma. The hypothesis is that in-hospital experience might provide a psychic trauma in so far as the subject has faced an unpredictable situation that might cause an overflow of emotions feeling abandoned, powerless and at the risk of losing physical integrity -, inhibiting a psychic elaboration. After having been discharged from hospital, such factors might also trigger post traumatic effects, implying into an adapting difficulty. According to Moty Benyakar, the disruptive event might provide a traumatic experience due to the great impact in the psychism. Methodologically for a better understanding of the psychic process, a longitudinal study has been made, with a number x of subjects, starting while they are in hospital (a potentially traumatic situation), from three to six months after they had been discharged from hospital. Applying the qualitative method the study has been based on the data collected through interviews and in the reduced application of the projective technique of TAT ( Thematic Apperception Test). Through the quantitative method the patients have been submitted to the application of the evaluation scale on the post-traumatic stress disorder (CAPS - Clinician Administered PTDS Scale). This research was carried out at the Hospital Escola da Universidade Publica, after the approval of the Comite de Etica ( Ethics Committee) of this institution and the Comite de Etica para Seres Humanos ( Ethics Committee for Human Beings) of the Instituto de Psicologia (Psychology Institute) of Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP). Through the results provided by the research, it was observed that there is a direct relation between the event and the effects in the psychism. For the own disruptive aspect in hospital, the burdens of health disorders and other surroundings ( familiar, socio- economic problems), the subject lives in a physical and psychic vulnerability. However it was pointed out that the dimension of the psychic repercussion is directly linked to the clinical picture of the six subjects who are studied, and the length of time that they have been exposed to the potentially traumatic situation. And this factor is extremely important in the incidence of the symptoms of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. This psychological study of the post- traumatic surgery complications is meant to bring to health professionals much more awareness about the problems that come after this experience, not only for the subjects as well as to the relatives, who should be allowed to require, whenever necessary, some psychological and/or psychiatric treatment

Published in 1985, Marguerite Duras' La Douleur is a collection of six autobiographical and semi-autobiographical short stories written during and just after the German Occupation. Echoing the French national sentiment of the 1970s and 1980s, these stories examine Duras' own capacity for good and evil, for forgetting, repressing, and remembering. The first of these narratives, the eponymous "La douleur," is the only story in the collection to take the form of a diary, and it is this narrative, along with a posthumously published earlier draft of the same text, that will be the focus of this thesis. In both versions, Duras recounts her last tortuous months of waiting for her husband, Robert Antelme, to return from a German concentration camp after he was arrested and deported for his participation in the French Resistance. Though Duras claims in her 1985 preface to "La douleur" that she has no memory of having written this diary and that it has "nothing to do with literature," when it is compared to the original version it becomes clear that substantial changes in style and tone were made to the 1985 version before publication. Though many of Duras' peers disregarded this rewritten version of "La douleur" as a shameful distortion of the truth, it is my contention that historical accuracy was never Duras' primary goal. Instead, what manifests in these two versions of the same story is Duras' path toward understanding and closure in the wake of a traumatic event. Using a combination of psychoanalytic and post-structuralist theory, I will show that Truth and History are essentially incompatible when narrating trauma. Instead what is central to these two texts is their emotional accuracy: the manner in which the feelings and impressions associated with a traumatic event are accurately portrayed.

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 246-258) Presents readings of six novels which depict something of the nature of war trauma. Collectively, the novels suggest that the attempt to narrativise war trauma is inherently problematic. Traces the disjunctions between narrative and war trauma which ensure that war trauma remains an elusive and private phenomonen; the gulf between private experience and public discourse haunts each of the novels.

This study has analyzed the relationship between trauma and otherness in two autobiographical graphic narratives. The study suggests that autobiographical graphic narratives are better equipped to represent the effects, mainly that of otherness, on the self as a result of trauma. In the ten volume manga series Barefoot Gen, Keiji Nakazawa details his childhood survival of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima during World War II. As he rebuilds his life, fellow survivals that look like his deceased family members recall his trauma of the bombing. Like we see in Nakazawa’s Barefoot Gen, Art Spiegelman also uses repetitious imagery and a fragmentary form of comic narration to represent the experience of trauma throughout In the Shadow of No Towers. However, while Nakazawa repeats specific imagery of the atomic bombing throughout Barefoot Gen based on his eyewitness testimony, Spiegelman manipulates imagery of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks to reject the notion that only one specific set of images can represent a traumatic event. Thus, by the end of the second section of In the Shadow of No Towers, Spiegelman creates a multiplicity of images to reenact the trauma of 9/11. / Access to thesis permanently restricted to Ball State community only.

Themes of hope and despair are central in the care of child and youth survivors of abuse trauma. Acts of abuse can disrupt a person's hope while shaking beliefs about purpose and meaning. Part of a trauma therapist's role is to implicitly offer one's own hopeful faith in possibility to clients, especially in moments of client despair. However, trauma therapy offers a challenge to therapists, prompting us to question our own meaning frameworks. A central aspect of this challenge involves negotiating hope and despair. Through my research I consider issues of hope and despair in practice for therapists supporting survivors of trauma, and ponder the role of narratives beliefs and ways of being - in cultivating sustainable practice. In this study I explore the central question: `how can therapists negotiate hope and despair in a way which fosters resilience and sustainable practice?' This thesis interest was born from personal experience as a junior therapist struggling with hope and despair. I researched the subject through creative self-reflection followed by interview conversations with 8 more-senior therapists working with trauma survivors. Interpretation of the conversations generated the following. The participants' negotiations involve (a) re-imagining hope and despair through process and paradox, from a stance of possibility and uncertainty, and (b) re-imagining health as non-attachment, non-aversion, and engagement. In addition, the conversations with participants suggest/s that practitioners can maintain an engaged non-attachment through narratives for practice which (a) distinguish between suffering and pain (b) describe and encourage innate human resilience, (c) affirm the power of the relationship as a site of re-connection (d) reflect a grounded view of change processes, and (e) promote playfulness in the process. Finally, participants develop resilience through processes of congruence - narrating their lives through (a) practicing reflective engagement with challenge and (b) infusing their practice with this learning. This process forges a connected, transformative story of (c) client and therapist as two travelers and (d) life challenges as useful teachers. In short, participants negotiate narratives which offer them a meaningful response to the challenges of therapy; these narratives reflect a desire to be of deep service for others from a position of personal aliveness and a vision of enhanced community health. Following the explication of the themes detailed above, further implications and recommendations for fostering practitioner and community resilience are provided.

Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Evidence suggests that routine screening of primary care patients for exposure to traumatic life events, and particularly assaultive trauma, may yield both clinical and cost benefits for healthcare systems (e.g., Green, Epstein, Krupnick, & Rowland, 1997; Lecrubier, 2004). However, although advocated by authorities, such screening has yet to be widely adopted. A sample of female university healthcare patients (N = 339) was assessed for exposure to trauma in order to examine several unaddressed issues that may diminish the clinical utility of screening for trauma in primary care patients. First, because the length of the traditional trauma history assessment makes it less acceptable for use in time-pressured primary care settings, the discriminative validity of a brief, self-administered screening question about exposure to trauma, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) module's screening question (First, Spitzer, Williams & Gibbon, 1997) was compared to a longer, inventory method of assessment, the Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire (TLEQ, Kubany et al., 2000). Second, because it is unclear whether patients who have experienced assaultive trauma will disclose these experiences when asked in a primary care setting, the relative predictive efficacy of informing respondents that their responses would, or would not be, disclosed to health center personnel was evaluated. Two versions of the brief screening question were assessed across two instructional sets regarding disclosure, to determine each condition's relative classification accuracy for identifying respondents who reported experiences of sexual or physical assault, and/or symptoms of PTSD. The brief screen identified more than three-quarters of the survivors of traumatic assault; and more importantly, identified almost all of the women who reported significant PTSD symptomatology: the inventory method identified only 2 additional women of the 47 who met criteria for PTSD. Although survivors of sexual assault were significantly less likely to disclose their history to their provider, no differences were found for those assault survivors who also reported symptoms of PTSD. Results suggest that a brief screening question about traumatic life events may be an acceptable option in settings where more time-consuming assessment procedures are not practical. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-98). / Electronic reproduction. / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / x, 98 leaves, bound 29 cm