This study attempts to show that there is no significant difference in performance between volunteers and non-volunteers in terms of cooperation in a psychological experiment.

Submitted by Geandra Rodrigues (geandrar@gmail.com) on 2018-06-12T15:06:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 jessicacunhademattos.pdf: 627566 bytes, checksum: 4a5fc0f4587b436542c15c24fd7073a5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-06-14T11:33:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 jessicacunhademattos.pdf: 627566 bytes, checksum: 4a5fc0f4587b436542c15c24fd7073a5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-14T11:33:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 jessicacunhademattos.pdf: 627566 bytes, checksum: 4a5fc0f4587b436542c15c24fd7073a5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-26 / A proposta desta dissertação é de apresentar as principais discussões sobre o status do campo de conhecimento psicológico a partir da visão e das contribuições do filósofo da ciência e psicólogo norte-americano Sigmund Koch (1917-1996). Para isso, foram analisados os principais conceitos e argumentos apresentados por Koch em sua discussão sobre a produção de conhecimento da psicologia no século XX. Durante a realização desse estudo utilizou-se como fonte de análise todas as publicações de Koch relativas a essa temática. Além disso, com intuito de contextualização do tema e da perspectiva do autor, foram consultadas fontes secundárias, artigos publicados por autores que discutem o mesmo tema no contexto de Koch e outros que fazem referência a seu trabalho. Diante disso, as discussões que permeiam o trabalho tratam dos argumentos apresentados por Koch para justificar sua avaliação do campo de conhecimento psicológico e de sua proposta de chamar a psicologia de estudos psicológicos, o que para ele, é uma forma de definição mais honesta e coerente do campo. / The proposal of this dissertation is to present the main discussions about the status of the field of psychological knowledge based on the contributions of the North American science philosopher and psychologist Sigmund Koch (1917-1996). For this purpose, we analyzed the main conceptions and arguments presented by Koch in his discussion about the construction of psychological knowledge in twentieth century. While carrying out this research we used as our source of analysis all publications of Koch regarding this topic. Furthermore, with the aim of contextualization about the theme and the author‟s perspective, we consulted secondary sources, papers published by authors that discuss the same topic in the context of Koch and others that refer to its work. In face of this, the discussions that permeate this study are about the arguments presented by Koch to justify his assessment of the field of psychological knowledge and his proposal to call psychology, psychological studies, which for him means defining in a honest and coherent way.

Studien undersökte potentiell bias inom psykologi att underrapportera eller överrapporterakönsskillnader genom att koda ett urval bestående av 819 socialpsykologiska artiklar somvaldes för att könsfördelningen bland områdets forskare är nästan jämn. Bias definieradessom diskrepansen mellan hur pass detaljerat könsskillnader rapporterades eller analyserades istudierna i relation till dess relevans. Två variabler kodades till varje artikel, Data ochMotivation. Data beskriver om det var möjligt för en artikel att rapportera könsskillnader ochhur data användes. Motivation beskriver om könsskillnader var relevanta och möjliga attrapportera eller analysera. Den kodade kombinationen av kategorierna från Data ochMotivation avgör vilka artiklar som underrapporterade könsskillnader och överrapporteradeskillnaderna. Resultatet var att 254 artiklar hade underrapporterade könsskillnader och ingenöverrapporterade. Därför var slutsatsen att det verkar finnas en bias inom socialpsykologi attunderrapportera könsskillnader och samma bias finns möjligen också inom andrapsykologiska områden. Denna studie kommer förhoppningsvis att bidra till att flera forskareöverväger att rapportera och analysera könsskillnader än idag. / This study investigated potential bias in psychology to underreport or overreport sexdifferences by coding a sample consisting of 819 socialpsychological articles which werechosen because the sex ratio among the fields’ scientists is almost even. Bias was defined asthe discrepency between how detailed sex differences were reported or analyzed in thesestudies in relation with its relevance. Two variables were coded to each article, Data andMotivation. Data describes if it was possible for an article to report sex differences and howthe data was used. Motivation describes if sex differences were relevant and possible toreport or analyze. The coded combination of the categories from Data and Motivationdetermined which article underreported sex differences and overreported those differences.The result from the main analysis was that 254 articles underreported sex differences andnone overreported. Therefor the conclusion was that there seems to be a bias withinsocialpsychology to underreport sex differences and the same bias possibly exists in otherpsychological fields aswell. This study will hopefully contribute to more scientistsconsidering to report and analyze sex differences than today

This study explores career maturity, self knowledge and career knowledge and how they influence career decision-making processes among psychology honours students at a South African institution of higher learning. A mixed method approach was used to collect data among (N=62) students who were asked to fill in two career development questionnaires namely, the Career Decision-making Difficulties Questionnaire (CDDQ) and the Career Development Questionnaire (CDQ). 10 scales were measured using the CDDQ. Analysis of the CDDQ revealed moderate difficulties on the General Indecisiveness, Dysfunctional Beliefs and Occupational Information scales. Pertaining to the CDQ, 5 distinct scales which explore the levels of Self information (Self knowledge), Decision making, Career information (Career knowledge), Integration of self information and career information, and Career planning were assessed. Analysis of the CDQ revealed that respondents had adequate levels of career maturity. The results of the content analysis on the qualitative data indicate clinical psychology to be the most popular in relation to other fields of study, followed by research psychology counselling psychology and psychometry. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Psychology / unrestricted

This study explores career maturity, self knowledge and career knowledge and how they influence career decision-making processes among psychology honours students at a South African institution of higher learning. A mixed method approach was used to collect data among (N=62) students who were asked to fill in two career development questionnaires namely, the Career Decision-making Difficulties Questionnaire (CDDQ) and the Career Development Questionnaire (CDQ). 10 scales were measured using the CDDQ. Analysis of the CDDQ revealed moderate difficulties on the General Indecisiveness, Dysfunctional Beliefs and Occupational Information scales. Pertaining to the CDQ, 5 distinct scales which explore the levels of Self information (Self knowledge), Decision making, Career information (Career knowledge), Integration of self information and career information, and Career planning were assessed. Analysis of the CDQ revealed that respondents had adequate levels of career maturity. The results of the content analysis on the qualitative data indicate clinical psychology to be the most popular in relation to other fields of study, followed by research psychology counselling psychology and psychometry. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Psychology / unrestricted