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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
161

Desordem coordenativa desenvolvimental em crianças de 7 e 8 anos de idade / Developmental coordination disorder in 7 and 8 years old children

França, Cristiani de 14 March 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:07:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cristiani de Franca.pdf: 409149 bytes, checksum: c540efb2ee31351c5b9cae354c5f5d5d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The goal of this study was to characterize the motor performance of children and to investigate the prevalence of the Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). The population of this study was all the 4.255 children from 7 to 8 years old, male and female, regularly enrolled on the 37 elementary public city schools of Florianópolis, capital of Santa Catarina, a southern state of Brazil. The final sample was comprised by 417 children. The instrument used was the Movement Assessment Battery for Children - M-ABC. In order to characterize the prevalence and severity of the children s motor difficulties we used descriptive statistic of frequency distribution. To verify the prevalence associations of DCD among ages and gender we used the chi-squared test (X²) and the Cramer s V coefficient. To verify the difference between the groups (gender and age) in the total motor performance of the tasks of M-ABC we used the Variance Analysis (ANOVA two-way). To verify the types of motor abilities that the children performed better we utilized the ANOVA for repeated measures. To analyze the general differences between groups in a group of dependable variables (which comprise the types of abilities according to the M-ABC test) and later to fragment the analyses per dependable variable (manual dexterity, balance and ball skills), the Multivariate Variance Analysis was used, as well as to verify the interactive effects of the gender and age variables. Both the variance analyses were done using a model with two independent variables, gender and age group (2x2). For all the analyses the significance level was 5%. The results demonstrated that 10.8% of the children were identified with DCD and 12% presented risk of DCD. The results indicate that children showed more difficulties in the motor skills related to manual dexterity. The analysis revealed a statistically significant difference among genders and ages. Analyzing the individual dependent variables, separated through the analysis of the main effects, we can observe a statistically significant difference between genders and ages only in the ball skills. These results suggest that the boys presented a better performance in the ball skills, as well as the 8 year-old children. The prevalence of children with DCD in the city schools of Florianópolis, SC - Brazil exceeded the 4-6% of prevalence in 5 to 11 year-old children pointed by the literature. The early identification of children with motor difficulties is essential for the proper building of intervention strategies made by professionals in the area. / O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar o desempenho motor de crianças e investigar a prevalência de Desordem Coordenativa Desenvolvimental. A população deste estudo foi representada por todas as 4.255 crianças de 7 e 8 anos de idade, de ambos os sexos, regularmente matriculadas nas 37 escolas, básicas e desdobradas, da rede pública municipal da cidade de Florianópolis, capital de Santa Catarina. A amostra final foi composta por 417 crianças. O instrumento utilizado foi o Movement Assessment Battery for Children - M-ABC. Para caracterizar a prevalência e a severidade das dificuldades motoras das crianças foi utilizada estatística descritiva de distribuição de freqüência. Para verificar as associações de prevalência de DCD entre as idades e sexo, foi utilizado o teste do Qui-quadrado (X²) e o coeficiente de Cramer s V. Para verificar a diferença entre os grupos (sexo e idade) no desempenho motor total das tarefas do M-ABC foi utilizada a Análise de Variância (ANOVA two-way). Para verificar em que tipos de habilidades motoras as crianças demonstraram um desempenho melhor foi utilizada a ANOVA para medidas repetidas. Para analisar as diferenças gerais entre os grupos em um conjunto de variáveis dependentes (que constituem os tipos de habilidades de acordo com o teste M-ABC) e depois fragmentar as análises por variável dependente (destrezas manuais, equilíbrio e habilidades com bolas) foi utilizado a Análise Multivariada de Variância, assim como para verificar os efeitos interativos das variáveis de sexo e idade. Ambas as análises de variância foram feitas utilizando um modelo com duas variáveis independentes, sexo e faixa etária (2X2). Para todas as análises estatísticas foi adotado o nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados demonstraram que 10,8% das crianças foram indicadas com DCD e 12% apresentou risco de DCD. Os resultados indicam que as crianças apresentaram mais dificuldades motoras nas habilidades relacionadas às destrezas manuais. As análises revelaram uma diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os sexos e entre as idades. Ao analisar as variáveis dependentes individuais, separadas por meio da análise dos efeitos principais, pode-se observar que houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os sexos e as idades somente para as habilidades com bola. Estes resultados sugerem que os meninos tiveram o desempenho melhor nas habilidades com bola, assim como as crianças com 8 anos. A prevalência de crianças com DCD nas escolas municipais de Florianópolis SC Brasil, excedeu aos 4-6% de prevalência de DCD nas crianças de 5 a 11 anos apontado pela literatura. A identificação precoce de crianças com dificuldades motoras é essencial para o embasamento de estratégias de intervenção por profissionais da área.
162

Análise da função motora e sua relação com o desempenho escolar no ensino fundamental / Analysis of motor function and the relationship to academic performance in elementary school

Pacheco, Sheila Cristina da Silva 15 August 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T17:32:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RESUMO - Sheila C S Pacheco.pdf: 60890 bytes, checksum: 735ed028e5b824bc91236e13f50b161e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Researches have been indicating a close relationship between cognitive and motor function. There is evidence that academic performance is closely related to the level of motor proficiency. First school years provide a solid base for more integrated motor skills required in upper grades. Therefore, it is crucial to test elementary school-aged children early on motor skill ability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between motor function and school performance at ages 8-11 years. Besides this, we were also interested in if there was a specific type of motor function that may be an influencing factor at this age, specially, interlimb coordination. Motor and academic skills were examined in 101 Brazilian children from three public school using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2) (Fine Manual Control, Manual Coordination, Body Coordination, and Strength & Agility) and Academic Performance Test (APT). Children were classified using percentiles representing LOW (less than or equal to 25%), AVERAGE (between greater than 25% and less than 75%) and HIGH (greater than or equal to 75%). Children considered AVERAGE were not included in this study. T test and regression logistic analyses were used to examine the association between motor function and academic performance (classified as low and high). Results indicated a significant difference between groups for Total Motor Composite (p<.001) favoring the High group. Regression analyses revealed a significant relation between academic and motor performance, specially, Body Coordination. Of the subtests of Body Coordination (Bilateral Coordination and Balance), Bilateral Coordination accounted for the highest impact on academic performance. The results support the close relationship between the motor and academic performance, especially in activities involving the interlimb coordination in children of 8-11 years. / Pesquisadores tem demonstrado uma relação entre as funções cognitivas e motoras. Há evidencias que o desempenho escolar está diretamente relacionando ao nível de proficiência motora. Os primeiros anos escolares fornecem uma base sólida para as habilidades motoras as quais são necessárias para os anos escolares mais avançados. Portanto, é fundamental avaliar as habilidades motoras de crianças em idade escolar que estejam em anos do ensino fundamental. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a relação entre a função motora e o desempenho escolar em idades 8-11 anos. De forma especifica, foi analisada qual a área motora que mais se relaciona com o desempenho escolar na idade investigada e se haveria relação entre a coordenação entre os membros e o desempenho escolar. As habilidades motoras e escolares foram investigadas em 101 crianças provenientes de escolas públicas. Utilizou-se como instrumentos de medidas o Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency 2 (BOT-2) (Controle Motor Fino, Coordenação Manual, Coordenação Corporal, e Força & Agilidade) e o Teste de Desempenho Escolar (TDE). As crianças foram classificadas utilizando percentis Baixo (menor ou igual a 25%), na Média (maior que 25% e menor que 75%) e Alto (maior ou igual a 75%), obtido de acordo com o escore bruto de desempenho escolar. Crianças consideradas na média não foram incluídas neste estudo. Para examinar a associação entre a função motora e o desempenho escolar entre os grupos Baixo e Alto foram utilizadas análises por Test T e regressão logística. Os resultados indicaram uma diferença significativa entre os grupos para a Composição Motora Total (p <0,001) que favorecia o grupo Alto. As análises por regressão logística indicaram uma relação significativa entre o desempenho escolar e motor, especialmente, na Coordenação Corporal. Ao analisar os subtestes de Coordenação Corporal (Coordenação Bilateral e Equilíbrio), somente a Coordenação Bilateral demonstrou ser significante, com maior impacto sobre o desempenho escolar. Os resultados apoiam a estreita relação entre o comportamento motor e o desempenho escolar, principalmente de coordenação entre os membros em crianças de 8 a 11 anos de idade.
163

Vliv plavání na tělesný rozvoj dítěte v kojeneckém věku\\ / The influence of swim on bodily development of child at infantil age\\

MAŠKOVÁ, Lenka January 2007 (has links)
The work deals with questions of infant swimming and determines how this motion activity influences motion development of child. The theoretical part describes the history of infant swimming, child´s psychomotor development which is significant for this activity and the characteristics of the field of infant swimming. The experimental part follows with a clarification of both elementary methodics and initial examination of all participating children aged three months in accordance with Vojta´s method. Enclosed video recording shows next part of the experiment - swimming in tub and swimming in pool. After nine months all children were examined in accordance with Vojta´s method again. The comparison of the experimental and control groups is shown in charts processed with non-parametrical statistical method. Literature states that swimming helps remove various imperfections and abnormalities in body posture. This work determines whether it is true.\\
164

Pohybová výchova v základní škole speciální jako součást klíčové vzdělávací kompetence (vhodnost aplikace intervenčního pohybového programu do praxe)\\ / Kinetic education in basic school special as part of key component educational competence (pertinence application interventional kinetic programme to the practice)\\

LITEROVÁ, Vendula January 2008 (has links)
The focus of my thesis is an introduction of interventional physical training into the gym lessons at primary schools in the whole South Czech district. Research was performed in fifteen schools where mentally handicapped people are educated. The program contained simple physical games, psychomotorical and yoga exercises, with the aim to develop physical capability and ability of mentally handicapped pupils. The program was applied for five months and verified with the use of initial and final measurement. The acquired data were statistically processed and evaluated.
165

Aprendizagem motora em tarefa virtual na Paralisia Cerebral / Transfer of motor learning from virtual to natural environments in individuals with cerebral palsy

Thais Massetti 25 May 2015 (has links)
Com o aumento da acessibilidade à tecnologia, programas de reabilitação para pessoas com paralisia cerebral (PC) usam cada vez mais ambientes de realidade virtual para melhorar o desempenho e a prática motora. Sendo assim, é importante verificar se a melhoria de desempenho em uma tarefa praticada em ambiente com característica virtual pode ser observado quando esta mesma tarefa for praticada em ambiente com característica real. Para analisar esta questão, foram avaliadas 64 pessoas, das quais 32 com PC e 32 com desenvolvimento típico (DT), ambos os grupos submetidos a duas tarefas de timing coincidente: a) tarefa em ambiente com característica real (com contato físico), na qual era necessário \"interceptar\" um objeto virtual que se movimentava na tela do computador, e no momento em que este objeto chegasse ao ponto de interceptação as pessoas deveriam pressionar a barra de espaço no teclado; b) tarefa em ambiente com característica virtual (sem contato físico), na qual as pessoas foram instruídas a \"interceptar\" o objeto virtual, fazendo um movimento com a mão sob uma webcam (ambiente virtual). Os resultados indicaram que as pessoas com PC apresentaram menor acurácia do que as pessoas com desenvolvimento típico, no entanto melhoraram seu desempenho durante a tarefa. É importante ressaltar que os resultados também mostraram que depois de praticar a tarefa sem contato físico, o desempenho das pessoas com PC na tarefa com contato físico manteve-se pior do que o desempenho de pessoas que praticaram a primeira tarefa com contato físico. Podemos concluir que a utilização de ambientes virtuais para reabilitação motora em pessoas com PC deve ser considerada com cautela, já que o ambiente em que a tarefa é realizada apresenta implicações importantes na aprendizagem desta população / With the growing accessibility of computer-assisted technology, rehabilitation programs for individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) increasingly use virtual reality environments to enhance motor practice. Thus, it is important to examine whether performance improvements in the virtual environment generalize to the natural environment. To examine this issue, we had 64 individuals, 32 of which were individuals with CP and 32 typically developing individuals, practice two coincidence-timing tasks. In the more tangible button-press task, the individuals were required to \'intercept\' a falling virtual object at the moment it reached the interception point by pressing a key. In the more abstract, less tangible task, they were instructed to \'intercept\' the virtual object by making a hand movement in a virtual environment. The results showed that individuals with CP timed less accurate than typically developing individuals, especially for the more abstract task in the virtual environment. The individuals with CP did -as did their typically developing peers- improve coincidence timing with practice on both tasks. Importantly, however, these improvements were specific to the practice environment, there was no transfer of learning. It is concluded that the implementation of virtual environments for motor rehabilitation in individuals with CP should not be taken for granted but needs to be considered carefully
166

Lactente nascido a termo pequeno para a idade gestacional = habilidades motoras finas no 6., 9. e 12. meses de vida / Full-term small for-gestational-age infant : fine motor skills on the 6th., 9th, and 12th. months of life

Arias, Amabile Vessoni 07 December 2010 (has links)
Orientador: Sylvia Maria Ciasca / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T12:41:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arias_AmabileVessoni_D.pdf: 2463182 bytes, checksum: 7bd75ed7cf0763aa293cdd95b866730f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A restrição de crescimento intra-uterina (RCIU) tem sido associada à maior mortalidade perinatal e maior morbidade no neonatal e lactente. Todavia, persiste considerável controvérsia em relação ao desenvolvimento neuromotor, no que se refere ao desempenho inferior dos nascidos a termo pequenos para a idade gestacional (PIG). O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar e comparar o desenvolvimento das habilidades motoras finas de lactentes a termo PIG com a termo adequados para a idade gestacional (AIG) no 6º, 9º e 12º meses. Tratou-se de um estudo seccional e longitudinal. Foram selecionados 125 recémnascidos (RN) no Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher (CAISM) da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). A casuística foi composta por 95 lactentes que compareceram em pelo menos uma avaliação entre o 6º, 9º e 12º meses. Foram estudadas duas coortes de lactentes de acordo com a adequação peso/idade gestacional: grupo PIG, constituído por 33 lactentes com peso ao nascimento abaixo do percentil 10 e grupo AIG por 62 lactentes com peso entre o percentil 10 e 90 da curva de crescimento fetal de Battaglia e Lubchenco (1967). Foram incluídos: RN cujos pais ou responsável legal assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, com idade gestacional entre 37 e 41 semanas, residentes na região metropolitana de Campinas, que permaneceram no alojamento conjunto, resultantes de gestação de feto único. Foram excluídos: RN com síndromes genéticas, malformações e infecções congênitas. Como instrumento de avaliação foram utilizadas as Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II (1993). Na análise dos resultados para o perfil sócio-demográfico da família, foi evidenciado que no grupo PIG houve maior número de mães sem ocupação fora do lar e que tinham o hábito de fumar. No estudo seccional, o index score (IS) motor demonstrou diferença entre os grupos PIG e AIG no 6º e 12º meses de vida. Houve diferença significa entre os grupos na escala cognitiva para duas provas no 6º mês e uma prova no 9º mês. No estudo longitudinal, para o IS cognitivo houve diferença significativa apenas entre os meses avaliados, sendo que o 6º mês foi diferente do 9º e do 12º mês. Para o IS motor, observou-se diferença significativa entre os grupos PIG e AIG e entre os meses, sendo o 6º mês diferente dos demais. Para as provas avaliadas, não houve diferença entre os grupos, porém, entre os meses encontrou-se diferença significativa em 12 provas cognitivas e uma prova motora. Concluí-se que os lactentes nascidos a termo PIG estão sob maior risco para o desenvolvimento neuromotor atípico, em especial para as habilidades motoras finas, no 6º, 9º e 12º meses de vida / Abstract: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) has been associated with higher perinatal mortality and major morbidity in newborns and infants. However, there is still considerable controversy regarding the neuromotor development with reference to the inferior performance of term infants born small for gestational age (SGA). The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the fine motor skill development in term infants born SGA and term infants born appropriate for gestational age (AGA) on the 6th, 9th and 12th months of life. This was a cross-sectional and prospective study. One hundred and twenty-five fullterm newborns were selected at the Neonatology Service in the Center of Integral Attention to Women's Health (CAISM) of the University of Campinas (UNICAMP); however, only 95 infants comprised the sample, who attended at least one assessment among 6, 9 and 12 months. Two cohorts of infants were studied according to the adequacy of gestational age/weight: the SGA group comprised 33 infants with birthweight under the 10th percentile and the AGA group comprised 62 infants with birthweight between the 10th and 90th percentiles of fetal growth curves (Battaglia & Lubchenco, 1967). Inclusion criteria were: newborns whose parents or legal guardian signed a consent form, with gestational ages between 37 and 41 weeks, resident in the Metropolitan Region of Campinas, who stayed in nursery, resulting of single fetus pregnancies. Exclusion criteria were: infants with genetic syndromes, malformations and congenital infections. Bayley Scales of Infant Development- II (1993) were used as evaluation tools. In the analysis of results for the family's sociodemographic profile, it was evidenced a great number of mothers in the SGA group with no occupation outside the home and who had the smoking habit. In the cross-sectional study, the motor index score (IS) showed differences between SGA and AGA groups at 6 and 12 months. There was a significant difference between groups in cognitive scale for two tests during the sixth month and one test during the 9th month. In the longitudinal study, there was a significant difference among the months for the cognitive IS, i.e. the 6th month was different from the 9th and the 12th months. Significant differences were found between SGA and AGA groups and among the months for the motor IS, i.e. the 6th month was different from others. There were no differences between groups for the tests; however, a significant difference was found among the months in 12 cognitive tests and one motor test. We concluded that term infants born SGA are at higher risk for atypical neuromotor development, particularly for fine motor skills at 6th, 9th and 12th months of life / Doutorado / Ciencias Biomedicas / Doutor em Ciências Médicas
167

Avaliação do desempenho de idosos normais em um protocolo de produção e reconhecimento de gestos: influência do sexo, da idade e escolaridade no perfil de normalidade / Evaluation of the performance of normal elderly in a protocol of gesture production and recognition: influence of age, gender and education

Karla Rodrigues Cavalcante 08 September 2004 (has links)
A apraxia é uma desordem dos movimentos aprendidos que não é resultado de fraqueza ou alteração sensitiva. Esta alteração pode ser devida a um prejuízo na execução têmporo-espacial ou na própria elaboração do gesto. Um protocolo de avaliação de praxias deve conter elementos que sejam capazes de avaliar o sistema executivo sem a interferência do sistema conceitual e vice-versa. Para isso o sujeito deve produzir gestos, bem como deve ser capaz de reconhecê-los. Contudo essa avaliação pode sofrer influência de variáveis como a idade, o sexo e a escolaridade. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a influência das variáveis sexo, idade e escolaridade no desempenho de indivíduos idosos saudáveis em um protocolo de produção e reconhecimento de gestos, bem como a confiabilidade intra e inter-examinador do protocolo de produção e a confiabilidade intra-examinador do protocolo de reconhecimento. Para isso foram avaliados 96 indivíduos divididos em dois grupos. Um grupo formado por indivíduos com idades de 60 a 74 anos e outro grupo formado por indivíduos com idades iguais ou superiores a 75 anos. Cada grupo era formado por um número igual de homens e mulheres e era subdivido em quatro grupos de acordo com a escolaridade: analfabetos, de 1 a 3 anos, de 4 a 7 anos e igual ou superior a 8 anos. No protocolo de produção de gestos solicitava-se aos indivíduos que realizassem gestos ao comando verbal e à imitação. No protocolo de reconhecimento, o indivíduo assistia a um vídeo no qual ele deveria ser capaz de discriminar gestos conhecidos de desconhecidos, gestos bem realizados de mal realizados, associar gestos a objetos, bem como nomear gestos. Os resultados revelaram que tanto a idade quanto a escolaridade influenciaram o desempenho no protocolo de produção de gestos. Os gestos ao comando verbal obtiveram menor porcentagem de acerto do que os gestos realizados à imitação. Já no protocolo de reconhecimento, as três variáveis influenciaram de forma significativa o desempenho. A análise final mostrou que, levando-se em conta a escolaridade, podemos observar três grandes grupos: os analfabetos, os indivíduos que estudaram de 1 a 7 anos e aqueles com oito ou mais anos de escolaridade. Também mostrou que os indivíduos mais velhos, a exemplo da produção, apresentam pior desempenho e que mulheres reconhecem mais gestos do que homens. Os achados estão de acordo com relatos de que o aumento da idade, a diminuição da escolaridade e mesmo o sexo são fatores capazes de influenciar o desempenho dos indivíduos em testes neuropsicológicos. O protocolo de produção apresentou elevada confiabilidade, tanto intra quanto inter-examinador, além de excelente consistência interna. O protocolo de reconhecimento também apresentou resultados satisfatórios tanto de confiabilidade inter-examinador quanto de consistência interna / Apraxia is a loss of the ability to perform learned skill movements when this loss cannot be accounted for by elemental motor deficits, such as weakness or sensory deficits. This disorder could result in damage of the spatio-temporal characteristics of the execution of the movement or in the proper elaboration of the gesture. A protocol of praxis evaluation must contain elements that are capable to evaluate the executive system without interference from the conceptual system and vice versa. For this purpose, subjects must produce gestures, and also recognize them. Nevertheless, this evaluation can suffer influence from variables such as age, gender and education. The goals of this work were to evaluate the influence of the variables gender, age and education in the performance of healthy elderly individuals in a protocol of gesture production and recognition, as well as the intra- and inter-examiner reliability of the production protocol and the intra-examiner reliability of the recognition protocol. For this 96 individuals divided in two groups were evaluated. A group (A) formed by subjects aged 60 to 74 years and another group formed by individuals aged 75 years or over. Each group was formed by an equal number of men and women and it was subdivides in four groups in accordance with the educational level of the subjects: illiterates, 1 to 3 years, 4 to 7 years and 8 or more years of schooling. In gesture production, individuals were requested to accomplish the tasks on verbal command and imitation. In the recognition protocol the individuals should watch a video in which they were asked to discriminate between known and unknown gestures, discriminate between correctly and incorrectly performed acts, to associate gestures to objects, as well as to perform gesture naming. The results revealed that age as well as educational level influence the performance in the protocol of gesture production. Gesture performance on verbal command was more difficult than on imitation. On the recognition protocol, the three variables significantly influence the performance. The final analysis showed that taking into account the educational level, three major groups emerged: the illiterates, the individuals with 1 to 7 years and those with eight or more years of schooling. The older individuals, similar to what was observed in the production protocol, presented worse performance than their younger counterparts, and women were able to recognize more gestures than men. These findings are in agreement with studies showing that with the increase of the age, the decrease of formal education and gender are factors that influence the performance of the individuals in neuropsychological tests. The production protocol presented both high intra- and inter-rater reliability and excellent internal consistency. The recognition protocol also showed adequate inter-examiner reliability as well as good internal consistency
168

Profil neuro-psychomoteur des enfants présentant un Trouble du Spectre Autistique / Neuro-psychomotor profile of children with autism spectrum disorder

Paquet, Aude 12 November 2015 (has links)
Des troubles moteurs ont été décrits dans les Troubles du Spectre Autistiques (TSA), toutefois tous les enfants atteints de TSA ne montrent pas de diminution des performances motrices. La nature et l'origine des perturbations motrices dans les TSA ne sont pas claires. Les processus neuro-développementaux, en lien avec la maturation du système nerveux central, sont peu explorés dans les TSA, or ces processus sous-tendent les performances motrices. Peu d'études portent sur l'analyse fine de la sémiologie des fonctions neuro-psychomotrices dans les TSA et l'existence d'une trajectoire neuro-développementale de ces fonctions n'est pas connue chez les enfants avec TSA. L'objectif de cette étude est de mettre en évidence la sémiologie des troubles psychomoteurs auprès d'enfants avec TSA, à l'aide d'une batterie standardisée Française d'évaluation développementale des fonctions neuro-psychomotrices de l'enfant (NP-MOT) (Vaivre-Douret, 2006). L'évaluation neuro-psychomotrice complète les évaluations de premières instances (psychiatrique; psychologique; compréhension; psychomotrice). L'identification d'un profil clinique neuro-psychomoteur, l'identification de troubles ou décalages par rapport à une norme de référence, la mise en évidence de fonctions cérébrales éventuellement touchées dans les TSA devraient permettre de mieux comprendre l'origine et la nature des troubles observés dans les TSA. Les résultats de plus en plus nombreux concernant la motricité chez ces enfants doivent pouvoir également être analysés au regard des évaluations cognitives et neuro-cognitives, afin d'affiner le profil de développement et permettre ainsi de mieux comprendre la nature des troubles autistiques parmi une comorbidité d'éventuels autres dysfonctionnements. / Motor disorders have been described in the Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD), however all children with ASD show no decrease in motor performances. The nature and origin of motor disturbances in ASD are unclear. Neurodevelopmental processes linked to the maturation of the central nervous system, are not really explored in ASD, but these processes underlie motor performances. Few studies trat of an acute semiology of motor abnormalities in ASD and the existence of a neuro-developmental trajectory of neuro-psychomotor functions is not known in children with ASD. The aim of this study is to highlight the semiology of psychomotor disorders among children with ASD, using a French standardized neurodevelopmental assessment tool (NP-MOT) (Vaivre-Douret, 2006). Evaluations of the first instances (psychiatric; psychological; understanding; psychomotor) were supplemented by a standardized assessment battery of neuro-developmental psychomotor functions (NP-MOT). The identification of a neuro-psychomotor clinical profile, identification of problems or discrepancies compared to a standard reference, the identification of potentially affected brain functions in ASD should provide a better understanding of the origin and nature the observed disorders in ASD. The results, more and more numerous concerning motor skills in these children, should be able to be analyzed in light of cognitive or neuro-cognitive assessments and should allow to refine the profile of development and thereby enable a better understanding of the nature of autism among a comorbidity other possible malfunctions.
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Psychomotorické hry jako prostředek rozvoje grafomotoriky u dětí předškolního věku / Psychomotor games as way of development for graphomotor skills by preschool children

Sochorová, Denisa January 2021 (has links)
Title: Psychomotor games as a mean of graphomotorics development in preschool children Objectives: The aim of this master thesis is to evaluate the level of graphomotor skills in kindergarten for preschool children and also evaluate the effect of psychomotor exercises and games on preschool children. . Methods: This is a quasi-experiment, which works with a targeted selection of a group of probands,children from a specific kindergarten. Twelve children were selected and dividend into research and kontrol group. Both groups included six probands, four boys and two girls.The level of graphomotor skills was tested by using the figure drawing test and tests from the MABC-2 battery. At the same time, it is a qualitative research, where the quality of execution of individual tasks and the hygiene of writing is monitored on the basis of non-standardized observation. Results: The results of the final testing showed an improvement in the control group of children in whom no psychomotor games were applied. Both groups had better final results in figure drawing test and in fine motor skills tests from the MABC- 2 battery. Keywords: psychomotor activities, children draw, preschool age, graphomotorics skills, figure drawing, fine motor skills
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Míra vlivu úrovně motorické vyspělosti na výkon v neverbální inteligenci u dětí mladšího školního věku (6 - 11 let): Longitudinální sledování. / The level of influence of motor proficiency on the performance in the nonverbal aspect of intelligence in younger school-age children (6 - 11 years): A longitudinal study.

Jirovec, Jan January 2021 (has links)
Bibliographic Identification Name and surname of the author: Mgr. Jan Jirovec Name of dissertation: The level of influence of motor proficiency on the performance in the nonverbal aspect of intelligence in younger school-age children (6 - 11 years): A longitudinal study. Workplace: Department of Kinanthropology and Humanities Supervisor of the work: doc. PhDr. Martin Musálek, Ph.D Year of presentation: 2021 Abstract Motor development in children is often linked to the development of cognitive or executive functions. Nevertheless, it still remains unclear how much the level of children's motor proficiency can impact the level of nonverbal intelligence, which is an important part of academic achievement of children. Objectives: The aim of the dissertation thesis is to determine the level of influence and its stability in time between the level of motor proficiency and the performance in the nonverbal aspect of intelligence in younger school-age children with age (categories: 6 - 7 years, 8 - 9 years and 10 -11 years) and sex being considered. Methods: The research sample consisted of 396 children (n=214 girls, n=182 boys) aged 6 - 11 years (age 8,9±1.3) from two elementary schools (Karlovy Vary Region, Prague). The children were divided into 3 groups by age: 6 - 7 years, 8 - 9 years, 10 - 11 years. The...

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