Diss. Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2005.

Diss. Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2005.

Univ., Diss.--Toulouse, 2002.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Freiburg, 2003/2004.

Diss., Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, 2006/07. / "The Shaping of Procedural Rules by the ICTY in View of the Right to a Fair Trial (English Summary)"

Les droits européens altèrent l’exorbitance du droit public. De par leur primauté, ils imposent leur conception du droit reposant sur le monisme juridique, l’appréciation restrictive des concepts emportant régimes exorbitants, la reconnaissance de droits subjectifs, le cantonnement de l’intérêt général national. Autant de phénomènes qui affectent les fondements de l’exorbitance du droit public français et, subséquemment, les manifestations de cette exorbitance, à savoir les fonctions de gestion et d’autorité publiques. Il n’est cependant pas possible de se cantonner à une lecture interniste du droit public. Aussi, est-il permis de percevoir le droit public dans une nouvelle perspective de type européaniste. Ce contexte est alors propice à la réévaluation de l’exorbitance du droit public qui peut être envisagée sous l’angle du droit public européen. Les fondements de l’exorbitance changent de dimension et se retrouvent dans les principes de droit public européen. L’exorbitance se situe désormais à mi-chemin entre l’autonomie des droits publics nationaux et l’unité du droit public européen. Les manifestations de l’exorbitance peuvent dès lors faire l’objet d’une réévaluation. Si les activités de protection publique présentent un caractère exorbitant indéfectible, une nouvelle fonction exorbitante se déploie, la régulation publique. Reste à savoir si, eu égard à toutes ces activités et fonctions, l’exorbitance relève plus de la maîtrise des Etats ou de celle de l’Europe et qu’elle en est l’efficacité. / European rights alter the exorbitance of public law. By their primacy, they impose their concept of the law based on legal monism, a restrictive appreciation of the concepts dominating exorbitant regimes, the recognition of subjective rights and on confining the national general interest. All of these phenomena impact the bases of exorbitance in French public law and, subsequently, the manifestations of this exorbitance, namely the public authority and management functions. However, it is impossible to confine oneself to an internalist reading of public law. In addition, is it permissible to perceive public law from a new, europeanist, perspective. This context is conducive to re-assessing the exorbitance of public law, which may be viewed from the perspective of European public law. The extent of the bases of exorbitance change and are found in the principles of European public law. The exorbitance is now situated midway between the autonomy of national public laws and the unity of European public law. This is where manifestations of the exorbitance may be reassessed. Although public protection initiatives have an unshakeable exorbitant character, a new exorbitant function is emerging: public regulation. Given its activities and functions, it remains to be seen whether the exorbitance more closely resembles the authority of States or of Europe and how effective it is.

L’objet de cette étude consiste à rendre raison du phénomène de l’autorité, dans les deux sens du terme : en définir la nature et en examiner la justification. Ainsi est-ce seulement par un examen critique des usages de la raison qu’il paraît possible d’en déterminer les principes. Dans une première partie, nous nous attachons à dégager pour lui-même un usage critique et réflexif de la raison par opposition aux usages visant la production de connaissances objectives. Nous dégageons de ce fait l’espace dévolu à la philosophie politique dans la configuration moderne des savoirs, entre sciences de la nature et sciences humaines. Dans un second temps, nous examinons les fondements modernes de l’autorité sous sa forme étatique, à savoir la notion de volonté individuelle, sous ses deux modes de théorisations positives que sont, sur son versant épistémologique, l’anthropologie politique, et sur son versant pratico-légal, la théorie de la représentation. Nous nous attachons ainsi, en particulier, à analyser ce qu’on peut entendre par le terme d’institution, et ce qu’il y a de démocratique dans la notion de gouvernement représentatif. Dans un troisième temps, nous nous tournons vers les modalités concrètes de l’autorité à travers l’esquisse d’une généalogie des institutions gouvernementales. Prenant appui notamment sur les origines doctrinales du droit administratif français, nous sommes ainsi conduits à identifier deux modalités essentielles du gouvernement moderne : « l’Etat social », défini par les médiations collectives de la liberté individuelle, et « l’Etat régulateur », défini par l’assomption individuelle des mythes caractéristiques de la modernité. / The aim of this study is to give an account of the phenomenon of authority, so as to define its nature as well as to examine its justifications. Hence, it seems that it is only by a critical study of the ways of using reason that it is possible to determine such principles. First of all, we try to identify as such a critical and reflexive use of reason, as opposed to those aiming at the production of some objective knowledge. Thereby we define the proper place of political philosophy among the diverse forms of knowledge characteristic of modernity, especially natural and human sciences. Second, we examine the modern foundations of authority in its statist form, namely individual will, through its two main theoretical expressions, political anthropology on the epistemic side, and the theory of representation on the legal-practical one. In particular, we examine the meaning of the notion of institution, and the democratic character of representative government. Thirdly, we look at the concrete modalities of authority through the sketch of a genealogy of governmental institutions. Drawing on the doctrinal origins of the French administrative law, we are thus led to identify two essential modalities of modern government: the “Social State”, defined by the collective mediations of individual liberty, and the “Regulatory State”, defined by the individual assumption of the myths characteristic of modernity.

The author of this article details how we would state responsibility of the state in cases of error, for which develops the figure within the public sphere. In that sense, the deeper the scope and types of regulated responsibilities, according to the study carried out it comes. Subsequently, a detailed analysis of the contractual and extra-contractual responsibility of the state in various situations within the field of public management is done. Finally, assumptions configuration of different types of state responsibility develops. / El autor del presente artículo nos detalla en qué consistiría la responsabilidad estatal del Estado en supuestos de error, para lo cual desarrolla la figura dentro del ámbito público. En ese sentido, a mayor profundidad se trata el ámbito de aplicación y los tipos de responsabilidades reguladas, de acuerdo al estudio realizado. Posteriormente, se realiza un análisis minucioso sobre la responsabilidad contractual como extra contractual del Estado en diversos supuestos dentro del ámbito de la gestión pública. Finalmente, se desarrolla los supuestos de configuración de los distintos tipos de responsabilidad del Estado.

From an historical perspective, environmental law is an assembly of common law principles and regulatory techniques derived from public health and planning legislation. Until recently, it lacked a distinct, recognisable identity, and status. A separate discipline of ‘environmental law’ now exists which appears to have an internal coherence and to operate within a settled conceptual framework, anchored by a number of guiding principles. This development is not, though, a one-way process. There is an equally dynamic contraflow of legal disciplines claiming environmental concerns as their own, notably property and tort, company and insurance law. In a similar vein, at both European Union and national levels of government, there is a sense that the very nature of environmental problems means that environmental protection must form part of a wider range of policies and law. This thesis takes account of these recent developments by considering the contribution of environmental assessment to the development of environmental law. It examines the implementation of Council Directive 85/337 on the Assessment of the Effects of Certain Public and Private Projects on the Environment' in the United Kingdom and thus the integration of a European Community method of environmental assessment alongside indigenous’ methods of environmental appraisal in the planning system. Some explanation is required, both as to the choice of subject matter, and to the methodology chosen to write this thesis.

Within the past decade, there has been considerable debate amongst lawyers in most European and North American jurisdictions on standardized contracts. The realisation that these contracts did not fit into the framework of the law of contract elaborated by nineteenth-centry theorists, induced judges and academic alike to fashion concepts and mechanisms in order to tackle the undoubted injustices which were concomitant with the use of standardized contracts. These well meaning attemtps, while affording some protection to weaker contracting parties, were nevertheless productive of uncertainty and inconsistency. Hence, there has been in recent years a spate of legislation designed to deal with standardized contracts directly or indirectly. The adoption of modern economic institutions and also of Western legal systems in Cameroon has brought about significant problems in the realm of contract. The widespread illiteracy in Cameroon, the lack of commercial sophistication of the bulk of the populace, and the use of standardized contracts, have created problems of a much wider dimension than those to be found in the developed countries. This thesis involves a study in comparative law. It charts the ways in which the English and French courts have addressed the problems of standardized contracts. It also delves into how the Cameroonian courts have dealt with them, revealing the incongruities inherent in the application of concepts which have been evolved in a different country with distinct motives, in another country with entirely different social realities. Finally, this thesis looks at the legislative innovation; brought to this area of the law by four European countries and discerns what lessons can be learned from them by Cameroonian legislators in dealing with the problems of standardized contracts in Cameroon. All this is achieved by pulling together legal analysis and comments by Anglo-Americans and European scholars, and by weaving into the text nearly all important English, French, Cameroonian and indeed American cases on this subject.