Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1989. / Also available in print.

The aim of terrorism is to influence a group of people or institutions - the psychological target or targets - by attacking the appropriate physical targets in order to prompt the desired response. Several factors influence the selection of physical targets by non-state terrorist groups. These include the ideology of the terrorist group concerned, the strategy adopted by the group and its capabilities, its need to take account of external opinion - including that of supporters, the measures adopted to protect likely targets, and the security environment within which the terrorist group operates. In addition, decision-making is affected by the dynamics within the group which are in turn affected by the psychological pressures of clandestinity and the frequent risk of death or capture which many terrorists run. The relationship between these factors varies from group to group, which is inevitable given the idiosyncratic nature of most terrorist groups, and the different circumstances in which they find themselves. However, it can generally be said that ideology sets out the moral framework within which terrorists operate - and which determines whether terrorists judge it to be legitimate to attack a range of target. After this, the determination of which targets it will actually be beneficial to attack depends upon the strategy which the group has adopted as a means of achieving its political objectives. The determination of their strategic objectives depends upon the effects which the terrorists hope their attacks will achieve. Thus, strategy further refines the range of targets initially delimited by the group's ideology. The other factors mentioned tend to act as constraints upon the group, partly - as with security measures - in restricting them from carrying out the types of attacks which they would desire but also in encouraging them to carry out attacks on certain targets in the hope of gaining benefits such as the approval of their supporters, or of gaining publicity for their cause. Underlying all of this is the human factor, whereby relations within the group, the impact of psychological pressure, and individual differences in moral judgements may influence the targets chosen by terrorists.

CHDS State/Local / Many states currently do not have an intelligence fusion center, and therefore, their ability to prevent and deter a terrorist attack is limited by the lack of information sharing. Wisconsin in addition to many states lacks a central hub for information exchange and currently has no system in place that allows the variety of technologies to gain access to a common database to gather and/or exchange information. The vast majority of public safety agencies currently operate their own systems that are incapable of exchanging information. The inability to exchange and/or access information in user-friendly format has inhibited many state and local efforts to keep its citizens safe from the possibility of a terrorist attack. The ultimate goal is to provide a mechanism where law enforcement , public safety and private sector partners can come together with a common purpose and improve the ability to safeguard our homeland and prevent criminal activity. Terrorism Early Warning Systems (TEW's) embody the core of collaboration and are an effective tool to maximize available resources and build trusted relationships. The fusion process should be organized and coordinated on a statewide level between the major Urban Area Security Initiative (UASI) areas and the statewide fusion center concept. / Wisconsin Office of Justice

CHDS State/Local / The community policing strategies that were in place in September of 2001 were not effective at meeting the threat of terrorism. American police agencies are at the threshold of a new era in policing, which has not yet been fully identified. This thesis will explore the limitations of community policing. A new model identified as Enterprise Policing is proposed to meet homeland security challenges. Enterprise Policing is a term developed to identify a policing style that embodies community policing as an organizational philosophy rather than a program. It includes interacting or networking in unprecedented ways with other law enforcement and government agencies, as well as community members, for the purpose of informal communication and mutual support. Under this policing style, neighborhood policing teams will resemble regional networks created for mutual assistance, to exchange information and ensure public safety. Enterprise Policing is flexible and resilient. It is focused on prevention and preparedness as well as response and recovery. Unlike community policing, Enterprise Policing involves the use of technology and training for information sharing and the development of actionable intelligence. It is intended to address national and transnational policing issues as well as local concerns that impact community safety. / Chief, Naperville, Illinois Police Department

CHDS State/Local / Concerns about inadequate radio communications at the scene of disasters predate 9/11, and have been a focal point of homeland security funding since 2001. Under the umbrella term "interoperability," grant funding is facilitating the recent deployment of equipment to allow field personnel to patch radio systems together, with the expectation of immediate improvement of emergency scene communications dysfunction. This thesis argues that there are numerous causal factors for inadequate disaster communications. Communications impediments include insufficient radio infrastructure, behavioral reactions by people in stressful situations, intergovernmental relations, inadequate procedures and training, and general lethargy over the need to institute special operating policies differing from routine practices. The sole reliance upon technological solutions, without proportionate training and practice greatly reduces the effectiveness of radio patching equipment. Quite opposite from the intended effect, patching equipment, in the hands of those only minimally acclimated to radio system architecture, is likely to trigger unintended consequences of chaotic system overload (by combining two or more busy channels) and sector vulnerability (by combining unsecured general public systems with previously isolated public safety systems). Our goal is to provide a thought-provoking examination of the entire realm of emergency scene communications issues and practical recommendations beyond superficial technological solutions. / Director - Public Safety Communications, City of Plano, Texas

As the population density increases dramatically and metropolises develop rapidly, which lead to the trend in construction of higher and complex buildings, fire has become the number one disaster inflicted on buildings, imposing great impact on society and causing disturbance to residents in community. Therefore, the government established an professional inspector system in 1997, stipulating building owners and users to entrust private professional institutions and technicians with the implementation of inspection report system for building public safety, for the purpose of fulfilling the principle of separation between ¡§administration¡¨ and ¡§technique.¡¨ As a result, a new service industry called ¡§Building Public Safety Inspection Institution (BPSII),¡¨ transformed from Japan¡¦s fire-fighting inspection system, is spawned by new codes and regulations in response to several severe public safety incidents in recent years. More specifically, the aim of BPSII is to establish professional technician acting system by way of private industries¡¦ participation, thereby facilitating public safety inspection and reporting system. Based on personal experience and practice in managing building public safety inspection tasks, the researcher attempts to in depth explore the related policies, regulations, and research literature, utilizing systemic analysis approach to study the status of BPSII, to explain its difficulties and developmental bottleneck, and thereby depict its future vision. The purpose of this present study is to investigate, after the burgeoning of BPSII, how to enhance its developmental strategies and organizational goals, as well as to predict its future trend, and to propose recommendations for adjusting the current construction-related codes and regulations accordingly. Therefore, to facilitate this study, a survey questionnaire is conducted to probe into current situation and issues. The findings of this study are as follows: ¤@¡BThe Features of Management (¤@)Characteristics of Organizations 1. Unified professionalism. 2. Cross-regional operation. 3. Subcontracting. (¤G)Characteristics of Operation 1. Institution chiefs must be professional inspectors. 2. The minimum capital is 2 million NT dollars. 3. Closely scheduled deadlines cause difficulties in managing manpower and finance. (¤T)Characteristics of Management 1. A lack of marketing management. 2. A difficulty in keeping customers. (¥|)Characteristics of Human Resource 1. High turnover. 2. High educational training cost. 3. High moral standards. ¤G¡BManagerial Issues (¤@)In Business 1. A failure to declare safety and fire-fighting inspection together causes complaints. 2. The market is decided by price, rather than service quality. (¤G)In Operation 1. Price undercutting causes vicious competition. 2. Unpredictable manpower caused by high turnover affects service quality. (¤T)In Management 1. Employee quality is uneven. 2. Educational training is insufficient. (¥|)In Regulations 1. Only institution chiefs are held accountable, which results in inspectors¡¦ poor practices. 2. Some checking items of building safety inspection overlap with that of fire-fighting inspection. This study discusses the issues concerning the operation of BPSII, hoping to promote service quality through participatory discussions among labor unions. In addition, it intends to inform authorities and the public of situations of BPSII, and thereby protect legal businesses, improve their image, and join related industries to engage in multiple operations and services, as well as inventing cutting edge fire-fighting technology. In doing so, BPSII is able to prosper in the 21st century, set up an paradigm for building safety inspection industry, promote a safer living environment and quality, and enhance the cooperation between the government and businesses to weave a seamless social security net.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 284-295). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

Magistro baigiamajame darbe yra nagrinėjama savivaldybės ir suinteresuotų institucijų veikla saugumo užtikrinimo srityje. Siekiama įvertinti, ar savivaldybės teritorijoje veikiančių institucijų bendra veikla stiprinant gyventojų saugumą yra rezultatyvi. Pirmojoje darbo dalyje nagrinėjami teoriniai požiūriai į saugumo užtikrinimą vietos savivaldos lygiu. Antroji dalis skirta analizuoti Lietuvos savivaldybių veiklos ypatumus Saugios savivaldybės koncepcijos požiūriu. Apžvelgiama Saugių savivaldybių Lietuvoje kūrimo patirtis ir pasiekimai 2011 ir 2012 metais. Atliktas empirinis tyrimas, apklausiant Pasvalio rajono savivaldybės teritorijoje saugumo užtikrinimo funkcijas vykdančias institucijas. Trečioji darbo dalis skirta šio tyrimo rezultatų analizei. Nagrinėjamas ir vertinamas šių institucijų bendradarbiavimas siekiant kurti saugesnę aplinką Pasvalio rajono savivaldybėje. / This Master Work investigates activities of municipality‘s and responsible institutions in safety assurance. The goal is to evaluate if actions taken by regional institutions to increase the safety level for inhabitants is bringing desired results. The theoretical attitudes to safety assurance in local municipality are evaluated first. The second part covers analysis of Lithuanian municipalities activities features, in respect to Safe community concept. The experience of the establishment of Safe communities in Lithuania in 2011 and 2012 is presented. The empirical test is performed by interviewing the institutions in Pasvalys region that are responsible for safety. The third part of this work analyses the results of this investigation. The cooperation of these institutions in creating a safer environment in Pasvalys municipality are investigated and evaluated.

Submitted by Tatiana Lima (tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2015-05-15T18:47:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva, Elisaldo Santos.pdf: 14322660 bytes, checksum: f80e7a621c1da0fc98e6da086da73412 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lima (tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2015-05-15T18:58:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva, Elisaldo Santos.pdf: 14322660 bytes, checksum: f80e7a621c1da0fc98e6da086da73412 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-15T18:58:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva, Elisaldo Santos.pdf: 14322660 bytes, checksum: f80e7a621c1da0fc98e6da086da73412 (MD5) / Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma reflexão sobre o trabalho de Inteligência no Brasil, discutindo a questão da proteção do agente de inteligência e do modus operandi. Estabelece um olhar sobre a Inteligência em Segurança Pública no âmbito da gestão pública e suas práticas. Tomou-se como percurso metodológico, a observação participante, o que propiciou um contato intersubjetivo com os policiais civis durante a Residência Social vivenciada nos Estados do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasília e Pernambuco, para conhecer as práticas exitosas por eles desenvolvidas para a execução da ISP. Envolve a discussão sobre a amplitude da Atividade de Inteligência voltada para a prática da Segurança Pública em um contexto socialdemocrático voltado para a valorização do cidadão. A partir da revisão bibliográfica, deu-se o conhecimento do marco histórico da Inteligência e suas especificidades no campo de sua prática e gestão. É apresentado como preocupação central, a necessidade de proteção do agente de inteligência, haja vista que tanto a exposição deste como do modus operandi como das informações obtidas e o conhecimento produzido, poderão comprometer a sua finalidade. Das observações e vivências experimentadas através da Residência Social nos Estados já citados, verificou-se uma lacuna importante no campo da proteção ao agente de inteligência e do modus operandi tanto na bibliografia levantada quanto na prática da ISP. É sabido que a Atividade de Inteligência produz, através de ações legalizadas e realizadas por seus agentes, conhecimento para auxiliar no processo decisório dos gestores e aplicações de ações em políticas públicas que favoreçam a Sociedade em vários campos, em destaque no da Segurança Pública, bem como, direcionar a Investigação Policial para o caminho que identifique autoria e materialidade criminal contribuindo com o Judiciário. Dessa maneira, a ausência de mecanismos de proteção constatada, expressa a necessidade de sensibilizar gestores dos Poderes Legislativo e Executivo para uma cultura protetiva, como princípio básico para garantir a segurança de todo sistema da ISP, de sua função legal e social e, acima de tudo, de seus agentes. / This work aims to present a reflection on the work of Intelligence in Brazil, discussing the issue of protection of the intelligence agent and modus operandi. Establishes a look at the Public Security Intelligence in the context of public management and its practices. Was taken as a methodological approach, participant observation, which allowed an intersubjective contact with police officers during the Social Housing lived in the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Brasilia and Pernambuco, to learn about successful practices developed by them for the implementation of ISP. Involves discussion of the breadth of Intelligence Activity directed towards the practice of Public Security in a social democratic context for the appreciation of the citizens. From the literature review, was given the knowledge of the historical landmark of Intelligence and its specificities within his field of practice and management. It is presented as a central concern, the need for protection of the intelligence agent, considering that both the exposure of this as the modus operandi as the information obtained and the knowledge produced may compromise their purpose. Observations and experiences experienced by Social Housing in the already cited, there was a major gap in the field of protection of intelligence agent and modus operandi in both the bibliography and in practice the ISP. It is known that the activity of Intelligence produces, through legalized and actions performed by its agents, knowledge to assist in decision making of managers and equity investments in public policies that promote the Society in various fields, especially in the Public Safety and as direct the police investigation to identify the path that authorship and materiality contributing to the criminal courts. Thus, the absence of mechanisms of protection observed, expressed the need to sensitize managers of the Legislative and Executive for a protective culture as a basic principle to ensure the safety of the whole system of the ISP, its legal and social function, and above all of its agents.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T11:52:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-03-28Bitstream added on 2015-03-03T12:06:31Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000806232.pdf: 2714093 bytes, checksum: 3db1a8b95f919833f0c4241b9252720f (MD5) / A tese teve como objeto de pesquisa o modelo estatal burocrático clássico da administração da segurança pública brasileira, como sistema orgânico do Estado, a partir de uma revisão teórica do tema, das deliberações dos participantes eleitos na 1ª Conferência Nacional de Segurança Pública, dos posicionamentos dos conselheiros do Conselho Nacional de Segurança Pública e da Secretaria Nacional de Segurança Pública. O problema foi estabelecido a partir do autodiagnóstico do governo federal, apontando um baixo nível de eficiência do aparato estatal no controle da criminalidade e na contenção da violência. Os objetivos estabelecidos foram de investigar as disfuncionalidades que levam à baixa eficácia desse aparato estatal, verificar se essas disfuncionalidades foram adequadamente enfrentadas nos debates da 1ª Conferência Nacional de Segurança Pública à vista das diretrizes traçadas e analisar o papel Conselho Nacional de Segurança Pública para sua implementação. Na abordagem foi utilizado o método de triangulação por uma múltipla perspectiva, estabelecendo-se análise qualitativa e quantitativa dos dados obtidos a partir das técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, da observação participante, do “survey” aplicado aos membros do Conselho Nacional de Segurança Pública (2011-2012) e de entrevista com o ex- Secretário Nacional de Segurança Pública (2008-2010). A tese descarta as alternativas da desmilitarização, da unificação e da municipalização, e sustenta a adoção do “ciclo completo de polícia” como medida corretiva de parte dessas disfuncionalidades, capaz de reduzir o nível de ineficácia do aparato estatal / The thesis was the research object state classic bureaucratic administration of Brazilian public security, as an organic system of the state, from a theoretical review of the subject, the deliberations of the participants elected in 1st National Conference on Public Security, the positions of the model directors of the National Council of Public Security and the National Secretariat of Public Security. The problem was established from the self-diagnosis of the federal government, pointing a low level of efficiency of the state apparatus to control crime and curb violence. The foregoing objectives were to investigate the malfunctions that lead to decreased effectiveness of the state apparatus, check if these dysfunctions were adequately addressed in the debates of the 1st National Conference on Public Security in sight of the sketched guidelines and analyze the role the National Public Security Council to implement. In the approach we used the triangulation method by a multiple perspective, establishing qualitative and quantitative analysis of data obtained from the techniques of literature and documents, participant observation , the survey applied to members of the National Council of Public Security (2011-2012) and interview with former National Secretary of Public Security (2008-2010). The thesis discards alternative demilitarization, unification and decentralization, and supports the adoption of the “complete cycle of police” as a corrective measure of these dysfunctions, capable of reducing the level of inefficiency of the state apparatus