A água empregada na produção de doses inseminantes (DIs) de suínos pode ser um dos veículos de introdução de bactérias contaminantes, podendo levar à perda de qualidade das mesmas. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o número de mesófilos aeróbios totais (MAT) na água utilizada em centrais de inseminação de suínos e sua influência nas contagens bacterianas das DIs produzidas. Foram conduzidos três ciclos de amostragem em seis centrais de inseminação (A-F), intencionalmente incluídas no estudo de acordo com os critérios: estar localizada no sul do Brasil; produzir >1.000 DIs mensais; e concordar em participar do estudo. A cada ciclo, eram colhidas amostras de água antes da purificação, água após a passagem pelo sistema de purificação, água após armazenamento, diluente, sêmen in natura de três machos distintos de fertilidade comprovada; e das respectivas doses inseminantes preparadas com sêmen e diluente amostrados. A água colhida antes do sistema de purificação foi avaliada quanto ao número mais provável (NMP) de coliformes totais e Escherichia coli, em 100 mL. pela técnica dos tubos múltiplos. Todas as amostras colhidas foram avaliadas quanto ao número de mesófilos aeróbios totais (MAT), por meio da semeadura em profundidade em Ágar para Contagem (PCA). Todas as 18 amostras de água colhidas antes da purificação apresentaram <1,1 NMP.100 mL-1 de Escherichia coli. A média de MAT nas amostras de água variou entre 0,1 log UFC.mL-1 na água após-purificação da central E e 3,5 log.UFC.mL-1 na água antes da purificação da central F. Não houve diferença significativa (P>0,05) entre as contagens médias de MAT obtidas em diferentes tipos de amostra de água e entre as centrais de inseminação. A média de MAT nas amostras de diluente variou de 0,16 log UFC. mL-1 à 2,78 log UFC.mL-1. As centrais D e F apresentaram diluentes significativamente (P<0,05) mais contaminados. No sêmen, a média de MAT variou de 1,75 log. UFC.mL-1 à 3,79 log UFC.mL-1 e nas DIs entre 0,73 log.UFC.mL-1 e 2,88 log UFC.mL-1. A central de inseminação F apresentou média de MAT significativamente (P<0,05) maior que as demais centrais. Considerando os padrões existentes, conclui-se que a água captada, purificada e armazenada apresentou boa qualidade microbiológica em todas as centrais de inseminação e não influenciou a média de mesófilos aeróbios totais das DIs preparadas. O incremento de bactérias, quando observado, foi provavelmente resultante da contaminação de origem ambiental durante o preparo do diluente e das doses inseminantes. / The water employed in the production of insemination doses (IDs) of swine may be one of the vehicles for introduction of contaminant bacteria, and can lead to their quality loss. The objective of this study was to assess the number of total aerobic mesophilic (TAM) in water used in swine artificial insemination centers (SAIC) and its influence in the total bacterial counting of the IDs produced. Three cycles of sampling were conducted in six SAIC (A-F) intentionally included in the study according to the following criteria: to be located in the south of Brazil, to produce > 1.000 (IDs) monthly, and to agree in participating of the study. At each cycle, samples were collected from water before the purification, water after passage through the purification system, water after storage, extenders, fresh semen collected from three different boars and the respective (ID) prepared with the semen and extender sampled. The water collected before the purification system was evaluated for total coliforms and Escherichia coli most probable number (NMP) in 100 mL using the multiple tubes technic. All samples collected were evaluated for the number of total aerobic mesophilic (TAM) by the pour plate technic. All the 18 samples of water collected before the purification presented < 1.1 NMP. 100 mL-1 of Escherichia coli. The average of TAM in the water samples varied between 0.1 log.CFU. ml-1 in the water after purification of the central E and 3.5 log. CFU.mL-1 in the water before purification of the central F. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) among the average counting of TAM obtained in different water samples types and among SAICs. The average TAM in samples of diluents varied from 0.16 log.CFU.mL-1 to 2.78 log.CFU.mL-1; the SAICs D and F presented diluents significantly (P< 0.05) more contaminated. Among the semen samples, the TAM average varied from 1.75 log.CFU.mL-1 to 3.79 log CFU.mL-1 and in the DIs between 0.73 log.CFU.mL-1 and 2.88 log.CFU.mL-1. The SAIC F presented average of TAM significantly (P<0.05) higher than the others SAICs. Considering the available standards, it was concluded that water collected, purified and stored presented a good microbiological quality in all insemination centers and did not influence the number of TAM in the prepared IDs. The increase on bacterial population may have resulted from contamination of environmental origin during the preparation of the extender and insemination doses.

This master’s thesis project, conducted in Industrial Design Engineering at KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm and in collaboration with Trangia, addresses the increasing significance of home preparedness due to global conflicts and natural disasters. The relevance of home preparedness is growing both in Swedish society and for Trangia, prompting the company to participate in this expanding market. Therefore, the mission is to develop customized solutions for cooking, heating up a room, and water purification to assist urban users in preparing for emergencies. The project utilized the Double Diamond methodology which offers a clear structure that systematically leads through the complex phases of product development; Discover, Define, Develop and Deliver. The initial phase of the project, Discover, included comprehensive information gathering, user studies, and branding exploration to expand Trangia’s product line. The project prioritized to identify the most suitable and healthy fuel sources for the user and delved into the technical principles enabling cooking, heating, and water purification. In the second phase, Define, the target group was narrowed down to urban users within three behavioral groups that exhibited distinct needs. Here, a design space was created that addressed the practical and emotional needs, ultimately shaping the functional requirements. The third phase, Develop, was initiated by the design space. Here, the concept development activities started, which subsequently led to the creation of Trangia KRIS in the Deliver-phase. A home preparedness kit comprising a crisis kitchen, Krisköket, a crisis heater, Krisvärmaren and a service proposal, including a disaster page educating potential buyers on the risks of being unprepared. Along with a coffee table book including an info card collection offering user-friendly instructions and emergency preparedness tips. The project emphasizes the importance of home preparedness, focusing on essential actions such as access to food, clean water, and warmth during crises like power outages or conflicts, rather than relying solely on products for survival. / Detta examensarbete inom Teknisk Design vid Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan i Stockholm och i samarbete med Trangia, tar upp den ökande betydelsen av hemberedskap på grund av globala konflikter och naturkatastrofer. Relevansen av hemberedskap växer både i det svenska samhället och för Trangia, vilket har fått företaget att vilja delta i denna växande marknad. Uppdraget är att utveckla en lösning som möjliggör förberedelser för matlagning, uppvärmning av ett rum och vattenrening under en kris för urbana användare. Projektet utgick från design processen Double Diamond som erbjuder en tydlig struktur som systematiskt leder genom de komplexa faserna av produktutveckling; Discover, Define, Develop och Deliver. Den initiala fasen av projektet, Discover, inkluderade omfattande informationsinsamling, användarstudier och varumärkesutforskning för att utöka Trangias produktlinje. Projektet prioriterade att identifiera de mest lämpliga och hälsosamma bränslekällorna för användaren och fördjupade sig i de tekniska principerna som möjliggör matlagning, uppvärmning och vattenrening. I den andra fasen, Define, begränsades målgruppen till stadsanvändare inom tre beteendegrupper som uppvisade distinkta behov. Här skapades ett design space som adresserade bland annat de praktiska och psykologiska behoven, vilket slutligen formade en kravspecifikation. Den tredje fasen, Develop, initierades av design spacet. Här började konceptutvecklingsaktiviteterna, vilket senare ledde till skapandet av Trangia KRIS i Deliver-fasen. Ett hemberedskapskit bestående av ett kriskök, Krisköket, en krisvärmare, Krisvärmaren och en tjänst. Tjänsten består av en katastrofsida med syfte att informera potentiella köpare om riskerna med att vara oförberedd. Tillsammans med en coffee table book innehållande en samling informationskort som erbjuder användarvänliga instruktioner och tips för hemberedskap. Projektet betonar vikten av hemberedskap, med fokus på väsentliga åtgärder såsom tillgång till mat, rent vatten och värme under kriser som strömavbrott eller krig, snarare än att enbart förlita sig på produkter för överlevnad.