This work is dealing with the design of intermediate part of transmitter and reciever that use digital BPSK and QPSK modulations for microwave link that works in 24 – 26 GHz bands. Besides choosing the suitable modulator and demodulator there was need to provide proper connection of this part with transceiver Nortel CTR26-01M. Input and output of this intermediate part was take out to baseband, where was need to ensure the transfer of diferential inputs of modulator and demodulator to symetric leading for reason of data communication with PC, for which was created the algorithms to provide transmitting and receiving data. Complete structure controlled by the microcontroller has been enliven and furthemore there was created the measurement of chosen parameteres.

This thesis describes the application of adaptive equalization based on the constant modulus algorithm (CMA) and the decision-feedback minimum mean squared error (DF-MMSE) concept to the two compatible offset QPSK waveforms (FQPSK and SOQPSK-TG) that constitute the ARTM Tier-1 waveforms. An adaptive version of the DF-MMSE equalizer is developed and applied to this application. In the presence of frequency selective multipath interference typically encountered in aeronautical telemetry, both equalization techniques are shown to provide reliable performance for FQPSK and SOQPSK-TG. The performance of both waveforms with the DF-MMSE equalizer is slightly better than that using the CMA equalizer. Implementation trade-offs between the two types of equalizers are discussed.

<p>In the past half century, numerous improvements have been achieved to make fiber-optic communication systems overweigh other traditional transmission systems such as electrical coaxial systems in many applications. However, the physical features including fiber losses, chromatic dispersion, polarization mode dispersion, laser phase noise, and nonlinear effect still post a huge obstruction in fiber-optic communication system. In the past two decades, along with the evolution of digital signal processing system, digital approach to compensate these effects become a more simple and inexpensive solution.</p> <p>In this thesis, we discuss digital equalization techniques to mitigate the fiber-optic transmission impairments. We explain the methodology in our implementation of this simulation tool. Several major parts of such digital compensation scheme, such as laser phase noise estimator, fixed chromatic dispersion compensator, and adaptive equalizer, are discussed. Two different types of adaptive equalizer algorithm are also compared and discussed. Our results show that the digital compensation scheme using least mean square (LMS) algorithm can perfectly compensate all linear distortion effects, and laser phase noise compensator is optional in this scheme. Our result also shows that the digital compensation scheme using constant modulus algorithm (CMA) has about 3~4db power penalty compare to LMS algorithm. CMA algorithm has its advantage that it is capable of blind detection and self-recovery, but the laser phase noise compensator is not optional in this scheme. A digital compensation scheme which combines CMA and LMS algorithm would be a perfect receiver scheme for future work.</p> / Master of Applied Science (MASc)

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1996 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / With every new spacecraft that is designed comes a greater density of information that will be stored once it is in operation. This, coupled with the desire to reduce the number of ground stations needed to download this information from the spacecraft, places new requirements on telemetry transmitters. These new transmitters must be capable of data rates of 320 Mbps and beyond. Although the necessary bandwidth is available for some non-bandwidth-limited transmissions in Ka-Band and above, many systems will continue to rely on more narrow allocations down to X-Band. These systems will require filtering of the modulation to meet spectral limits. The usual requirements of this filtering also include that it not introduce high levels of inter-symbol interference (ISI) to the transmission. These constraints have been addressed at CE by implementing a DSP technique that pre-filters a QPSK symbol set to achieve bandwidth-limited 320 Mbps operation. This implementation operates within the speed range of the radiation-hardened digital technologies that are currently available and consumes less power than the traditional high-speed FIR techniques.

The system diagrams for the digital radio compatible with NASA's S-Band Space Network operating from 2025.8 - 2117.9 MHz (forward link) to 2200 - 2300 MHz (return link) are presented. The digital radio implementation includes binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and staggered quadrature phase shift keying (SQPSK). We have derived the system requirements for these modulation schemes from the Space Network User Guide (SNUG) and thereafter, derived system diagrams for the communication links. The designed system diagrams for the transceiver were implemented using Simulink models and USRP2 platform.

Les formats de modulation avancés, codant l'information sur la phase, la polarisation ou plusieurs niveaux d'amplitude de la lumière reçoivent aujourd'hui un intérêt croissant. En effet, ceux-ci permettent d'atteindre une meilleure efficacité spectrale et par conséquent des débits plus élevés. Ces caractéristiques sont actuellement très recherchées dans les télécommunications pour répondre à la demande constante d'augmentation de capacité des transmissions optiques fibrées. L'essentiel du travail effectué porte sur la génération de tels signaux dans des sources photoniques monolithiques sur InP faisant appel à un concept nouveau de commutation de phases optiques préfixées avec des modulateurs électro-absorbants. Une comparaison de notre technologie intégrée avec la technologie actuelle de génération de formats de modulation avancés démontre des possibilités nouvelles de réduction de taille, de diminution de consommation énergétique et d'évolution en vitesse de modulation jusqu'à 56 GBauds. Suite à la validation, par simulations, d'architectures de transmetteurs spécifiques pour la génération de formats de modulation avancés, nous réalisons en salle blanche les circuits photoniques intégrés d'étude. Les caractérisations statiques confirment le fonctionnement de toutes les fonctions intégrées des circuits et soulignent l'efficacité de la filière technologique. Pour une première démonstration de fonctionnalité nous choisissons un transmetteur BPSK capable de générer une modulation de phase à 12,4 GB. Ce résultat démontre la plus petite source intégrée BPSK à l'heure actuelle. Un autre circuit capable de générer des formats de modulation plus complexes est aussi caractérisé

Cognitive radio is one of the modern techniques for wireless communication systems to utilize the unused spread spectrum effectively. This novel paradigm makes wireless communication possible with less interference. In our work we have investigated one of the functions of cogni- tive radio called spectrum sensing. We have specifically used the method of Cyclostationary fea- ture detection. Spectrum sensing is also a very effective method to detect spectrum holes and to utilize them. We have implemented spectrum sensing technique in these experiments. A signal is randomly generated which could be Binary shift phase keying (BPSK) or Quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), then this modulated signal is passed through Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), The output signal of AWGN is then passed to cyclostationary detector, various func- tions are pre-implemented inside cyclostationary detector and this includes Fast Fourier trans- form (FFT), Auto correlation, Sliding window to identify that signal. Finally we have demon- strated the results of signal to noise ratio to show the performance evaluation of our experiments. The results have shown a decreasing trend in the probability of incorrect detection by increasing signal to noise ratio.

Quadrature modulator (demodulator) is used in transmitting (receiving) part of many devices. Unwanted imbalance can influence amplitude, phase or DC offset of modulator (demodulator). Correction of imbalance was a main subject of thesis. Simulations of these methods were created in MATLAB and results were compared. Basics of methods were implement on programmable logic field by program Xilinx ISE. Development kit V2MB1000 with analogue board Memec P160 was chosen for this purpose. In the last part were compare simulation results with practical measurement.

Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία έγινε στα πλαίσια του Προγράμματος Μεταπτυχιακών Σπουδών Ηλεκτρονικής και Υπολογιστών, στο Τμήμα Φυσικής του Πανεπιστημίου Πατρών. Αντικείμενό της αποτελεί η μελέτη του φυσικού επιπέδου συστημάτων κινητής τηλεφωνίας τρίτης γενιάς και η εξομοίωση χαρακτηριστικού καναλιού του φυσικού επιπέδου σύμφωνα με την παγκόσμια προτυποποίηση 3GPP. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο γίνεται ιστορική ανασκόπηση των συστημάτων προηγούμενων γενεών. Αναφέρονται βασικά προβλήματα που πρέπει να αντιμετωπίσει ένα τηλεπικοινωνιακό σύστημα καθώς και η βασική δομή των κυψελοειδών συστημάτων. Γίνεται εισαγωγή στα συστήματα τρίτης γενιάς ως προς τις απαιτήσεις, τις υπηρεσίες που προσφέρουν, την προτυποποίηση και την αρχιτεκτονική τους. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο μελετώνται οι τρόποι πολλαπλής πρόσβασης με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στην προσπέλαση με διαίρεση κωδικών. Αναλύονται τα συστήματα διάχυσης φάσματος. Γίνεται εκτενής αναφορά και υλοποίηση προγραμμάτων για τις ψευδοτυχαίες ακολουθίες και τις ακολουθίες Gold. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο μελετάται η δομή δικτύων επικοινωνίας κατά το μοντέλο OSI. Αναφέρονται τα επίπεδα των τηλεπικοινωνιακών συστημάτων με διεξοδική μελέτη του φυσικού επιπέδου και στις διεπαφές που χρησιμοποιεί για επικοινωνία καθώς και στις υπηρεσίες που προσφέρει. Αναλύεται η δομή όλων των φυσικών καναλιών και εξομοιώνεται η διαδικασία ενθυλάκωσης του καναλιού PRACH. Στο τέταρτο κεφάλαιο αναλύονται οι κώδικες διάχυσης των φυσικών καναλιών ανερχόμενης ζεύξης καθώς και η διαδικασία διάχυσης τους. Δημιουργούνται προγράμματα που παράγουν αυτούς τους κώδικες και γίνεται εξομοίωση της διάχυσης και της αποδιάχυσης του PRACH καναλιού. Στο πέμπτο κεφάλαιο αναφέρεται η διαδικασία κωδικοποίησης πηγής και μελετάται η PSK διαμόρφωση και αποδιαμόρφωση που χρησιμοποιούν τα συστήματα τρίτης γενιάς. Υλοποιούνται προγράμματα που εξομοιώνουν τη συνολική διαδικασία σε ενθόρυβο κανάλι AWGN μελετώντας την επίδραση του θορύβου σε μεταδιδόμενο σήμα. Όλες οι εξομοιώσεις υλοποιήθηκαν με το πρόγραμμα Matlab 7.1. / This master thesis is a part of the post-graduate course of the Physics department of the University of Patras, on Electronics and Computers. Its main objective is the study of the physical layer of 3rd generation telecommunication systems and the simulation of a particular channel, in accordance to 3GPP specifications. In the first chapter we review telecommunication systems of previous generations. We also refer to major problems that need to be dealt with and also the basic structure of cellular networks. 3rd generation telecommunication systems, their requirements, offered services, standardisation and architecture are all introduced. In the second chapter we study multiple access methods, emphasising CDMA methods. Moreover, spread spectrum systems are analysed. Finally we refer to pseudorandom and Gold sequences. Programs are created which generate these sequences. In the third chapter we look into the structure of communication networks according to the OSI model. The layers of telecommunication systems are mentioned, laying emphasis on the physical layer, the interfaces used for communication as well as the offered services. We report all physical channels and we simulate the encapsulation of the PRACH channel. In the fourth chapter we analyse the spreading and scrambling codes referring to the uplink channels. Next we point out the code allocation process. Programs are created which generate these spreading and scrambling codes and we finally simulate the spreading and de-spreading process of the PRACH channel. In the fifth chapter we outline the source coding process using PCM, and we study PSK modulation and demodulation which are used by 3rd generation telecommunication systems. We create programs that simulate the whole procedure in a noisy channel, and we study the effect of AWGN. The programs were created and the simulations were run using Matlab version 7.1.

The aim of this master´s thesis is an explanation of the problem of transport optical networks with Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing. DWDM principle, properties and limit of transmission system. Focus of thesis is also specification properties of migration transmission system to higher speed 40G, 100G and in future to 400G. Part of thesis is outlined the basic division of multiplexing system, there are discussed the basic solutions of wavelength multiplexes CWDM and DWDM, focus for the effects of nonlinear phenomena and parasitic modulation FWM, SPM and XPM in modulation DP-QPSK and 16-QAM. In practicle part we will make measurement of properties of 10G and then experimental measurement parameters on 100G.