Canadian women print journalists both protest against and acquiesce to the patriarchal culture of newspapering in their daily work. Utilizing narrative analysis and the feminist theory of intersectionality, this dissertation argues that other social characteristics interact with gender as practitioners negotiate the multiple hegemonies of their workplace, and that the impacts of these characteristics change over time. The purpose of the qualitative study was to do fieldwork needed to respond to scholarly uncertainty about journalists’ individual motivations on the job and their perceived impact on the socio-political agenda. Individual interviews and focus groups were conducted over 2010-2011. Participants included 26 Canadian women print journalists in five newspapers across Canada, as well as one former journalist, now an academic. Key generational differences appeared when participants’ stories were examined with age and gender intersecting as an organizing theme. Senior participants tended to see themselves as lucky survivors in frustratingly gendered newsrooms; those in mid-career were self-sacrificing, hard workers who needed, but were not getting, workplace flexibility; and the most junior ones presented themselves as individual strategists, capable of handling whatever routine injustices were thrown at them. They wanted to stay in the business long enough to “choose” between careers and parenthood, with technological proficiency as a lifeline. Participants’ narratives revealed how the most senior tended to combine their multiple identities and externalities into a coherent whole, while younger participants experimented with and exploited aspects of their complex identities and larger societal influences to survive in a high-stress, gendered environment. This study produces evidence that the participants’ career paths are influenced in fluid and often hidden ways by other characteristics as they intersect with gender. Assumptions about these characteristics, such as age, race, parenthood status and class, further complicate the shaping of participants’ experiences in their workplaces, offering them other possible positions from which to either reinforce or resist the newsroom culture. The participants take up navigating these confused seas in ways that often leave them frustrated and angry, but ultimately most say they feel they make a difference in the socio-political agenda because of their complex identities and as voices for those deemed “voiceless.” / Graduate / 0453 / 0391 / 0708 / viviansmith@telus.net

Submitted by Alison Vanceto (alison-vanceto@hotmail.com) on 2017-08-08T17:30:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCGA.pdf: 1377116 bytes, checksum: eeaa4d5429ed9fe1aeac6a215d0acc52 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-09T14:09:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCGA.pdf: 1377116 bytes, checksum: eeaa4d5429ed9fe1aeac6a215d0acc52 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-08-09T14:09:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCGA.pdf: 1377116 bytes, checksum: eeaa4d5429ed9fe1aeac6a215d0acc52 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-09T14:17:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCGA.pdf: 1377116 bytes, checksum: eeaa4d5429ed9fe1aeac6a215d0acc52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / In several research areas, interviews are a means of obtaining data widely used by researchers. These interviews are arranged, in most cases, in several documents and have an informal language, because they are conversations between several people at the same time. Analyzing such documents is an arduous and time-consuming task, bringing fatigue and difficulties to a correct analysis. One solution for analyzing this type of interview is to group documents according to the similarity between them, so that experts can analyze documents of similar subjects more quickly. In this way, this work presents the method SOM4SImD, created to detect the semantic similarity between the documents composed by interviews with an informal language written in Brazilian Portuguese. In order to create this method, an ontology of the same document domain was used, which allowed the use of the formal terms of the ontology, along with its synonyms and variants, to perform the semantic annotation in the documents and to calculate the similarity between the interview pairs. Through the created method, a SimIGroup approach was developed that assists the researchers in the qualitative analysis of the documents, using Coding technique. The results show that the SOM4SImD method and the SimIGroup approach reduce the difficulties and fatigue in the analysis of the documents made by the annotators, helping to increase the number of documents analyzed. In addition, the SOM4SImD method was more advantageous in obtaining similarity between documents than the others found in the literature, reaching significant values for the performance measures, with 0.96 accuracy, 0.93 of recall and 0.94 of F-Mensure. / Em diversas áreas de pesquisas, as entrevistas são um meio de obtenção de dados muito utilizadas por pesquisadores. Essas entrevistas são dispostas, na maioria das vezes, em diversos documentos e têm uma linguagem informal, por se tratar de conversas entre várias pessoas ao mesmo tempo. Analisar tais documentos é uma tarefa árdua e demorada, trazendo cansaço e dificuldades para uma análise correta. Uma solução para análise desse tipo de entrevistas é agrupar os documentos de acordo com a similaridade que existem entre eles, pois assim os especialistas conseguem analisar os documentos de assuntos parecidos de forma mais rápida. Desta forma, este trabalho apresenta o método SOM4SImD, criado para detectar a similaridade semântica entre os documentos compostos por entrevistas com uma linguagem informal escritas no português brasileiro. Para criar este método, foi utilizado uma ontologia de mesmo domínio dos documentos, que permitiu o uso dos termos formais da ontologia, juntamente com seus sinônimos e variantes para realizar a anotação semântica nos documentos e para realizar o cálculo da similaridade entre os pares de entrevistas. Através do método criado, foi desenvolvida uma abordagem SimIGroup que auxilia os pesquisadores na análise qualitativa dos documentos, utilizando a técnica Coding. Os resultados mostram que o método SOM4SImD e a abordagem SimIGroup diminuem as dificuldades e cansaço na análise dos documentos realizadas pelos anotadores, auxiliando no aumento da quantidade de documentos analisados. Além disso, o método SOM4SImD se mostrou mais vantajoso na obtenção de similaridade entre documentos do que os demais encontrados na literatura, alcançando valores significantes para as medidas de desempenho, com 0,96 de precisão, 0,93 de revocação e 0,94 de F-Mensure.

Le potentiel de création de valeur dans une supply chain ne peut être réalisé que grâce à une gestion efficace des relations inter-organisationnelles (Madhok et Tallman, 1998). Xu et Beammon (2006) insistent sur la nécessité de disposer d'un ensemble de moyens et d'outils pour gérer les interdépendances et prendre des décisions cohérentes tout en mettant en avant l'importance des mécanismes de coordination. Ainsi, l'objectif de cette thèse est de faire ressortir les différents éléments qui composent les coordinations inter-organisationnelles dans la supply chain. En outre, nous analysons comment les mécanismes de coordination relationnels et contractuels contribuent à la gestion des intérêts mutuels des relations inter-organisationnelles et permettent la résolution des conflits. Plus spécifiquement, la question de recherche auquel ce travail cherche à répondre est : Quelle est l'influence des mécanismes de coordination relationnels et contractuels sur la coordination inter-organisationnelle de la supply chain ? Afin de mieux comprendre ce phénomène, une étude qualitative a été menée auprès de quinze professionnels dans la supply chain management. Une analyse de contenu thématique a permis de définir de façon plus précise les différents éléments composant la coordination inter-organisationnelle. Les matériaux collectés ont été confrontés à l'analyse de la littérature puis testés auprès d'un échantillon de 216 répondants dans le domaine de la supply chain management. Les données quantitatives collectées ont été analysées à l'aide d'une analyse en composantes principales afin d'épurer nos échelles de mesure. Ensuite, nous avons fait appel aux modèles d'équations structurelles PLS-PM (régressions aux moindres carrées partiels) pour estimer la validité convergente ainsi que la validité discriminante des échelles de mesures. Cette méthode nous a permis de valider nos hypothèses de recherche relatives au modèle de coordination inter-organisationnelle de la supply chain. Les résultats de cette recherche mettent en évidence le lien entre les mécanismes de coordination relationnels et contractuels et leurs impacts sur la collaboration, leurs rôles dans la maitrise des difficultés de coordination ainsi que leurs poids sur l'évaluation de l'efficacité du contrat. Nous avons également étudié un impact du type de partenaire (stratégique, non stratégique) sur la coordination inter-organisationnelle de la supply chain. / In a supply chain, the value creation potential can only be achieved through effective management of inter-organizational relationships (Madhok and Tallman, 1998). Xu and Beammon (2006) underline the need for a set of resources and tools to manage interdependencies and take consistent decisions while emphasizing the importance of coordination mechanisms. Thus, the objective of this thesis is to figure out elements that make up the inter-organizational coordination in the supply chain. Moreover, we analyze inter-organizational coordination between supply chain partners and the role of contractual and relational mechanisms for managing their interests and resolve conflicts. More specifically, through this Dissertation we seek to answer the following question: What is the impact of coordination mechanisms and contractual relationship on inter-organizational coordination of the supply chain? To better understand this phenomenon, a qualitative study was conducted with fifteen professionals in supply chain management field. A thematic content analysis helped define more accurately the various components of inter-organizational coordination. The collected materials were confronted with the analysis of the literature and then tested on a sample of 216 respondents in the field of supply chain management. Quantitative data collected was analyzed using a principal component analysis in order to purify our scales. We then used the PLS -PM of structural equation models (Partial Least Squares Regression) to estimate the convergent and discriminant validity of the measurement scales validity. This method allowed us to validate our research hypotheses concerning the model of inter-organizational coordination of the supply chain. The results of this research highlight the link between the mechanisms of coordination and contractual relationship and their impact on collaboration, their roles in mastering the difficulties of coordination and their weight on the evaluation of the effectiveness of the contract. We also studied an impact on the type of partner (strategic, non-strategic) on inter-organizational coordination of the supply chain.

Orientador: Maria Antonieta de Barros Leite Carvalhaes / Resumo: Objective: To analyze feeding history and maternal experience with breastfeeding infants with cleft lip and palate. Method: descriptive, cross - sectional, double - approach study: quantitative and qualitative, performed at the outpatient clinic of a reference hospital. Data were collected through structured interviews with 150 mothers; 6 mothers participated in the qualitative study. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyzes were used, adopting as criterion for inclusion in the multiple model p≤0.20. To consider a factor as associated to the outcome, p was considered critical <0.05, in the multiple analysis. These analyzes were performed in the SPSS program. For the qualitative approach the sample was selected for convenience. The statements of the mothers were transcribed in their entirety and analyzed according to the theoretical framework of content analysis according to the steps proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. After analyzing all the qualitative interviews, a framework was constructed with the themes found from the testimonies, being categorized in themes and sub-themes. Results: Less than half of the mothers knew of the prenatal diagnosis and this factor was associated with exclusive breastfeeding in the first week of life, the physician was responsible for the prenatal guidelines. The prevalent type of fissure was unilateral incisive transforamen and on nutritional status, eutrophy prevailed. The strengths, difficulties and challenges faced by the birth ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Mestre

Esta tese aborda o desenvolvimento, uso e experimentação do MineraFórum. Trata-se de um recurso para auxiliar o professor na análise qualitativa das contribuições textuais registradas por alunos em fóruns de discussão. A abordagem desta pesquisa envolveu técnicas de mineração de textos utilizando grafos. As interações proporcionadas pelas trocas de mensagens em um fórum de discussão representam uma importante fonte de investigação para o professor. A partir da análise das postagens, o docente pode identificar quais alunos redigiram contribuições textuais que contemplam conceitos relativos ao tema da discussão, e quais discentes não o fizeram. Desta forma, é possível ter subsídios para motivar a discussão dos conceitos importantes que fazem parte do tema em debate. Para atingir o objetivo do presente estudo, foi necessário realizar uma revisão da literatura onde foram abordados temas como: a Educação a Distância (EAD); Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem; os principais conceitos da área de Mineração de Textos e, por último, trabalhos correlacionados a esta tese. A estratégia metodológica utilizada no processo de desenvolvimento do MineraFórum envolveu uma série de etapas: 1) a escolha de uma técnica de mineração de textos adequada às necessidades da pesquisa; 2) verificação da existência de algum software de mineração de textos que auxiliasse o professor a analisar qualitativamente as contribuições em um fórum de discussão; 3) realização de estudos preliminares para avaliar a técnica de mineração escolhida; 4) definição dos indicadores de relevância das mensagens; elaboração de fórmulas para calcular a relevância das postagens; 5) construção do sistema; 6) integração do MineraFórum a três Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem e, por último, 7) a realização de experimentos com a ferramenta. / This thesis presents the development, use and experimentation of the MineraFórum software. It is a resource that can help teachers in doing qualitative analyses of text contributions in discussion forums. This research included the use of text mining techniques with graphs. Message exchange in discussion forums are an important source of investigation for teachers. By analyzing students’ posts, teachers can identify which learners wrote contributions that have concepts related to the debate theme, and which students did not succeed to do so. This strategy may also give teachers the necessary elements to motivate discussion of concepts relevant to the topic being debated. To accomplish the objectives of this study, a review of the literature was carried on topics such as: Distance Learning; Virtual Learning Environments; main concepts in Text Mining; and studies related to this thesis. The methodological strategy used in the development of MineraFórum followed these steps: 1) choosing a text mining technique suitable to the needs of the research; 2) checking whether there was software available to help teachers to do qualitative analysis of contributions in discussion forums; 3) doing preliminary studies to evaluate the selected mining technique; 4) defining indicators of relevance in the messages; elaborating formulas to calculate relevance in posts; 5) building the system; 6) integrating MineraFórum to three Virtual Learning Environments, and 7) carrying experiments with the tool.

This study examines the environmental and economic effects of green information technology (IT). Green IT describes two sets of IT innovations: one set includes innovations that are implemented to reduce the environmental impact of IT services in organizations; and the other IT to reduce the environmental impact of other organizational processes. The two sets respond to the call for more environmentally friendly or “greener” organizational processes. I developed and tested a preliminary model. The model applied the resource based view (RBV) of the firm (Wernerfelt 1984) the stakeholder theory (Freeman 1984) and included four constructs: (1) BAS implementation; environmental value conceived in a novel way as the conservation of electric energy in buildings; economic value -- from energy cost savings; and BAS complements. These four constructs formed three propositions: (1) BAS implementation is positively associated with environmental value; (2) environmental value is positively associated with economic value; and BAS complements moderate the relationship BAS implementation and environmental value. The model was used to guide the investigation of three research questions: 1. What are the environmental and economic values of green IT? 2. How do green IT create the above values? 3. Are other dimensions of value created? If so, what are they? The focal IT investigated was the building automation system – a system designed to conserve electric energy and decrease operational costs. The unit of analysis of the study was the facilities management team – the implementers of the system. I collected data on a sample of six diverse cases of BAS implementations. The cases were diverse in terms of the BAS types, the building purposes, the building locations and the building occupancy and management. Two types of BAS were involved in the study, each with a different level of artificial intelligence: the more intelligent BAS self-reconfigured when changes in setpoints, for example, were necessary; the less intelligent BAS must be reconfigured by an engineer in similar circumstances. There was also diversity in terms of the buildings in which the systems were implemented and the occupancy and management of the buildings. The buildings include: the corporate headquarters of a global telecommunications firm; university classrooms; a residence hall in a university; and three multi-tenanted office complexes. The building occupancy and management differ in that some buildings are owner-occupied and are managed in-house, while the others are leased and their management outsourced. Data collection involved recorded semi-structured interviews of three sets of users in the organizations: building engineers; chief engineers; and property/facilities managers. The interviews were prearranged and were conducted onsite using an interview protocol. Each interview lasted approximately one hour and was conducted in one session. The data were transcribed and analyzed in Nvivo 10. The findings showed support for the presence of the four constructs within the preliminary model as well as for the three propositions in the preliminary model. The data also revealed contextual details of the BAS implementation and BAS complements constructs. There were also new dimensions value including: unanticipated types of economic value (including savings from reduced labor demand; social value (comfort and safety for building occupants); and strategic value (knowledge used to position the organizations for greater efficiency and effectiveness). Overall, the value outcomes of the implementations can be summarized as short term social, environmental and economic value as well as strategic value – consistent with the concept of sustainable value defined by Hart et al. (1995). Also, consistent with Zuboff’s (1985) description of the duality of intelligent IT systems -- the ability to informate and automate, the BAS implementation construct was found to include two distinct sources of value: equipment automation; and equipment information. The unanticipated value dimensions and types, as well as the sources of value were used to refine the research model. The study therefore a preliminary theoretical model – the resource based view of the sustainable organization (RBV-SO) -- as well as contextual implementation details that can be used to guide future investigations of the value created by intelligent green IT systems such as the BAS, as well as measurement items that can be used to inform quantitative studies of these systems. The study also adds to the practical body of knowledge concerning green IT implementations in general and implementations of the BAS in particular, concerning: details of the information value – for example, for measuring the environmental impact of the system and for substantiating claims in the application for green funds available to organizations; and details of some key complementary resources that enhance value creation within the context. Two major limitations of this study are: (1) a single coder was used in the analysis process and therefore no inter-coder reliability was established for the results; and (2) user perceptions rather than actual quantities were used to validate the findings. Some future research prospects include: use of these findings to conduct a quantitative study of an intelligent system extended with, for example, investigation of the impact of external forces such as government regulations, environmental issue salience, and market forces on the value created by green IT (such as the BAS); and investigation of the impact over time of the development of the strategic capabilities enabled by the BAS on creation of value.

abstract: Assemblers and compilers provide feedback to a programmer in the form of error messages. These error messages become input to the debugging model of the programmer. For the programmer to fix an error, they should first locate the error in the program, understand what is causing that error, and finally resolve that error. Error messages play an important role in all three stages of fixing of errors. This thesis studies the effects of error messages in the context of teaching programming. Given an error message, this work investigates how it effects student’s way of 1) understanding the error, and 2) fixing the error. As part of the study, three error message types were developed – Default, Link and Example, to better understand the effects of error messages. The Default type provides an assembler-centric single line error message, the Link type provides a program-centric detailed error description with a hyperlink for more information, and the Example type provides a program centric detailed error description with a relevant example. All these error message types were developed for assembly language programming. A think aloud programming exercise was conducted as part of the study to capture the student programmer’s knowledge model. Different codes were developed to analyze the data collected as part of think aloud exercise. After transcribing, coding, and analyzing the data, it was found that the Link type of error message helped to fix the error in less time and with fewer steps. Among the three types, the Link type of error message also resulted in a significantly higher ratio of correct to incorrect steps taken by the programmer to fix the error. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Software Engineering 2017

Upper secondary education has been identified by different institutions as the minimum educational threshold in a knowledge society, a necessary requirement for citizens of all ages to respond to the social changes driven by global technological innovation. Figures from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) unfortunately show that a large share of adult population in OECD countries still lack upper secondary qualifications. Italy appears in these statistics as one among the lowest ranking countries and provisions currently in place to bring adult citizens back to school still yield quite low numbers. This research aims at exploring the challenges to adult students' participation in upper secondary education in Italy examining the actual experience of a group of grown-up learners attending a public vocational school. The results of the inquiry are based on the analysis of semi-structured interviews framed in a qualitative research design. The study is grounded in a theoretical frame derived both from participation theories and from the capability approach. The main conclusion of the research is that successful participation and persistence in adult education require students’ expectations to be appropriately met by an attentive customized institutional support. To this respect, the research suggests recommendations in order to improve public information about provisions for grown-up students, to separate adult education from second chance teenage schooling and to customize adult learning through appropriate learning management tools.

Submitted by Alison Vanceto (alison-vanceto@hotmail.com) on 2017-02-23T12:32:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseWLF.pdf: 10494807 bytes, checksum: df4332346794cb6528875bef5e9313c4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-03-20T13:42:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseWLF.pdf: 10494807 bytes, checksum: df4332346794cb6528875bef5e9313c4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-03-20T13:42:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseWLF.pdf: 10494807 bytes, checksum: df4332346794cb6528875bef5e9313c4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-20T13:54:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseWLF.pdf: 10494807 bytes, checksum: df4332346794cb6528875bef5e9313c4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / In the past decades, there has been a revolution in the way science has been conducted. The current context has demanded more collaborative work such as, studies in research networks of large scale. One of the many essential marks of change in this new way of making science has been the intense usage of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), or “eScience”. Nowadays, it plays a fundamental role in the methodology adopted by many research groups around the world. Analyses of the qualitative data evidenced in researches about Special Education were done then. The biggest challenge that was noticed would be to advance in the analysis of qualitative data using information technologies without losing the subjectivity involved in the research and to broaden the capability of going over the data without losing the right to come and go, the right to critique and establish proper reflexions, respecting subjective positioning and, above all, maintaining the research's critic criteria. In this sense, this work establishes as its main objective to evaluate the proposed technological architecture of qualitative analyses of data. This analysis was based upon data mining theories, researches in ontology and techniques of semantic notation in the field of special education aiming to analyze the thresholds and possibilities this methodological approach permits. We used as methodology the construction of a prototype, named Serendipity, based on the perspective of software engineering, in order to extract the main techniques that could set as a safe method for design, implementation and deployment of the solution. Cyclically, the methodology allowed us to modify requirements and establish improvements, allowing the feedback process from new analyses. The text mining process relied on gaining knowledge from textual databases that have little or no data structure. The computational ontology was the element able to reconstruct the syntactic representation, giving it direction. The words (data) are related and are set within a context of formal knowledge, providing them with a semantic and cognitive ability, building concepts, open to interpretation, comprehension and common understanding; as a result, we built up a specific ontology for Special Education. The semantic annotation helped attach content to the text to describe their semantics, allowing that software agents could retrieve information in a more precise manner through the association of the document to the ontology in a conception of semantic fields. We built a customized dictionary for special education to relate terms to synonyms and expressions associated with the ontology. To view beyond the semantic classes, we used automatic concept maps to establish relationships between concepts included in a hierarchical structure of propositions. Finally, to assess the proposal, we made use of part of the data collected from the National Observatory of Special Education in transcribed texts about the formation of five cities, one from each region of Brazil. The results show limits already recognized in the proposal and; in this respect, did not aim to establish a subjective and deep analysis that would permit extreme precision results. It points out that the researcher is and will always be the driving factor that operates the process’ flow and relying, or not, on computing tools is not entirely immune to err. The proposal of serendipity has given a step forward in the automatic process of data analysis and can be used in big data without losing the subjectivity of the researcher. However, we must add new human and technological resources to contribute to its improvement and encourage other areas to develop domain ontologies with their experts and the development of specific dictionaries. Therefore, despite its limitations, the approach has shown significant advances in semantic exploration of qualitative data in the Special Education field and it is capable of being adapted to other areas and fields of knowledge. / Nas últimas décadas, tem ocorrido uma revolução no modo como a ciência tem sido conduzida, o atual contexto tem demandado cada vez mais o trabalho colaborativo, tais como os estudos em redes de pesquisa de ampla escala. Um dos pontos essenciais de mudança nessa nova forma de se fazer ciência tem sido o uso intenso de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC), chamada como “eScience”, que desempenha hoje um papel fundamental na metodologia adotada por muitos grupos de pesquisa ao redor do mundo. Partiu-se então para uma reflexão acerca do aprofundamento de dados qualitativos evidenciadas principalmente nas pesquisas em Educação Especial. O grande desafio seria avançar na qualidade da análise de dados qualitativos com uso das tecnologias da informação sem perder a subjetividade envolvida na pesquisa e ampliar a capacidade de esmiuçar os dados sem perder a liberdade de ir e vir, de criticar e estabelecer reflexões próprias, respeitando posicionamentos e, sobretudo, mantendo o rigor científico na pesquisa. Neste sentido, o presente estudo estabeleceu como objetivo principal avaliar a arquitetura tecnológica proposta de análise qualitativa de dados, tendo como base as teorias de mineração de textos, ontologia computacional e técnicas de anotação semântica, em pesquisa da educação especial, a fim de analisar os limites e possibilidades desta abordagem metodológica. Utilizamos como metodologia baseada na construção de um protótipo, denominado Serendipity, fundamentado na perspectiva da engenharia de software, de maneira que extraímos as principais técnicas que puderam definir um método seguro para a concepção, implementação e implantação da solução. De forma cíclica a metodologia permitia modificar requisitos e estabelecer melhorias, permitindo a retroalimentação do processo a partir de novas análises. Para isto, a mineração de textos apoiou-se na obtenção de conhecimento a partir de bases de dados textuais que possuem pouca ou nenhuma estrutura de dados. A ontologia computacional foi o elemento capaz de reconstruir a representação sintática, dando a ela sentido. As palavras (dados) se relacionam e são postas dentro de um contexto, de um conhecimento formal, dotando-as de uma capacidade semântica e cognitiva, construindo conceitos, passível de interpretação, compreensão e entendimento comum; para isto construiu-se uma ontologia específica para Educação Especial. A anotação semântica ajudou a anexar conteúdos ao texto para descrever a sua semântica, permitindo que agentes de software pudessem recuperar informações de forma mais precisa, através da associação do documento à ontologia, numa concepção de campos semânticos. Construiu-se também um dicionário da Educação Especial customizado para relacionar termos a sinônimos e expressões associadas à ontologia. Para visualização, além das classes semânticas, utilizou-se de mapas conceituais automáticos para estabelecer relações entre conceitos incluídos numa estrutura hierárquica de proposições. Por fim, para a avaliação da proposta utilizou-se de parte dos dados coletados no Observatório Nacional da Educação Especial de textos transcritos acerca da Formação em cinco cidades, sendo uma de cada região do Brasil. Os resultados evidenciam limites já reconhecidos na proposta e, neste aspecto, não teve a pretensão de determinar uma análise subjetiva e detalhista, que a rigor, permita resultados de extrema precisão. Destaca que o pesquisador é e sempre será o condutor livre do funcionamento do processo e contando, ou não, com ferramentas computacionais ele pode cometer erros. A proposta do serendipity deu um passo no processo automático de análise de dados, podendo ser aproveitada em big data, pesquisas de nível nacional, sem perder a subjetividade do pesquisador. Para isto é preciso agregar novos recursos humanos e tecnológicos que contribuam em seu aprimoramento. Estimular outras áreas a desenvolverem ontologias de domínio com seus especialistas e a evolução dos dicionários específicos. Portanto, apesar de seus limites, a abordagem possui avanços significativos na prospecção semântica de dados qualitativos em Educação Especial e passível de adaptação a outras áreas de conhecimento.

Submitted by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2017-07-05T15:27:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2259652 bytes, checksum: 8cdee502b6f577e85a166e4c98f55b62 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-05T15:27:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2259652 bytes, checksum: 8cdee502b6f577e85a166e4c98f55b62 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Despite of the changes occurred during the last years, the curricula in the field of healthcare are still marked by the use of traditional methods, based on the verticalization of the educational process. It is evidenced that the formative process needs to be more strongly anchored in critical, reflexive, dialogical and problematizing pedagogies, which allow for more participation of the student and interaction with the social reality, among which Popular Education stands out. This study sought to investigate the presence of Popular Education problematizing method in the formation in healthcare in the Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB) and what is the perception from the students in the courses from the Health Sciences Center and the Medical Sciences Center on the use of that method. It is a descriptive, documental, observational, field and cross-sectional study, with a quantitative and qualitative character. It had as its subjects the students from the penultimate year of the undergraduate courses in healthcare from UFPB, applying a questionnaire composed of 24 questions on the aspects of healthcare formation, which was in all its steps submitted for validation (of content, semantics and statistics). Also a documental analysis was done on the Political Pedagogical Projects (PPPs) of these courses. The collected data were charted in an electronic spreadsheet in the Microsoft Office Excel 2010 software and afterwards analyzed by means of the R statistical software, on which the Factor Analysis (FA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) were applied. In the analysis of the PPPs of these courses, the presence of a dichotomy between what is defended in the PPPs and the curricular working-out was observed, as well as the perception that the students have on the formative process. Among the surveyed courses, the ones who got closer to a problematizing method were Medicine, which presents a curriculum based on the PBL, as well as Pharmaceutics and Odontology to a lesser degree. It was verified that the items 1 and 5 of the questionnaire (discussion on the subjects taught in classroom and contact with the problematizing method of Popular Education during the academic formation) exhibited significant statistic differences (p-value ≤ 0,05). In both cases, the average of the students participating in research and/or extension projects guided by PE was greater than the students who had not participated in those projects. Through the FA done on all population, it was observed that the variables of the instrument were reduced to three factors or dimensions, theoretically entitled as “teacher-student relationship”, “dialogical relationship” and “need for methodological change”. Through CA, using the dimensions generated by FA, it was perceived that in the investigated population two statistically divergent groups were present. The findings of this study emphasize that the problematizing method of Popular Education is still little evidenced in the PPP of undergraduate courses in health of the UFPB. However, the presence of the theoretical and methodological principles of the Popular Education in the perception of the evaluated students is evidenced, and it is emphasized that the extension oriented by the PE helps in this process of reorientation of the formation in health. / A despeito das mudanças ocorridas nos últimos anos, os currículos da área de saúde ainda são marcados pelo uso de metodologias tradicionais, baseadas na verticalização do processo educativo. Evidencia-se a necessidade de que o processo formativo esteja mais fortemente ancorado em concepções pedagógicas críticas, reflexivas, dialógicas e problematizadoras, que permitam a maior participação do acadêmico e interação com a realidade social, dentre as quais destaca-se a Educação Popular. Procurou-se, neste estudo, investigar a presença da metodologia problematizadora da Educação Popular na formação em saúde da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) e qual a percepção dos estudantes dos cursos do Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Centro de Ciências Médicas, quanto à utilização dessa metodologia. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, documental, observacional, de campo, do tipo transversal e de caráter quanti-qualitativo. Teve como sujeitos estudantes do penúltimo ano dos cursos de graduação em saúde da UFPB, sendo aplicado um questionário composto por 24 questões acerca dos aspectos da formação em saúde, o qual foi submetido a todas as etapas de validação (de conteúdo, semântica e estatística). Também foi realizada uma análise documental dos Projetos Político Pedagógicos (PPP) destes cursos. Os dados coletados foram tabulados numa planilha eletrônica do Microsoft Office Excel 2010 e posteriormente analisados por meio do software estatístico R, no qual foram realizadas a Análise Fatorial (AF) e a Análise de Agrupamento (AA). Na análise do PPP dos cursos verificou-se a presença de uma dicotomia entre o que está preconizado no PPP e a operacionalização curricular, assim como na percepção que os discentes têm acerca do processo formativo. Dentre os cursos avaliados os que mais se aproximaram de uma metodologia problematizadora foram Medicina, que apresenta um currículo pautado no PBL, assim como Farmácia e Odontologia em menor proporção. Verificou-se que os itens 1 e 5 do questionário (discussão acerca dos assuntos ministrados em sala de aula e contato com a metodologia problematizadora da Educação Popular durante a formação acadêmica) apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p-valor ≤ 0,05). Em ambos, a média dos estudantes que participavam de projetos de pesquisa e/ou extensão orientados pela EP foi maior do que a dos estudantes que não participavam destes projetos. Por meio da AF realizada com toda a população, observou-se que as variáveis do instrumento foram reduzidas em 3 fatores ou dimensões, intituladas do ponto de vista teórico como “relação professor-aluno”, “relação dialógica” e “necessidade de mudanças metodológicas”. Com a realização da AA, utilizando as dimensões geradas pela AF, percebeu-se que na população investigada havia a presença de dois grupos estatisticamente diferentes. Os achados do estudo destacam que a metodologia problematizadora da Educação Popular é pouco evidenciada no PPP dos cursos de graduação em saúde da UFPB. Contudo, evidencia-se a presença dos elementos teórico-metodológicos da Educação Popular na percepção dos estudantes avaliados e destaca-se que a extensão orientada pela EP auxilia nesse processo de reorientação da formação em saúde.