Thesis (Ph. D.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009. / Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed August 31, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 146-149).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of Mathematics, June 2000. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Michigan, 1936. / "Lithoprinted." Bibliography: p. 119-135: "Sources of information concerning works included in the bibliography": p. 2; bibliographical foot-notes.

Thesis (Doctoral)--Universität Bonn, 1990. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis--Bonn. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Bibliography: p. 101-103.

In this thesis, we give a mathematical background of solving a linear quadratic control problem for the heat equation, which involves noise on the boundary, in a concise way. We use the semigroup approach for the solvability of the problem. To obtain optimal controls, we use optimization techniques for convex functionals. Finally we give a feedback form for the optimal control. In order to enhance understanding of linear quadratic problem, we first present the methods in deterministic cases and then extend to noisy systems.

In this thesis we prove homological stability for both general linear groups of modules over a ring with finite stable rank and unitary groups of quadratic modules over a ring with finite unitary stable rank. In particular, we do not assume the modules and quadratic modules to be well-behaved in any sense: for example, the quadratic form may be singular. This extends results by van der Kallen and Mirzaii--van der Kallen respectively. Combining these results with the machinery introduced by Galatius--Randal-Williams to prove homological stability for moduli spaces of simply-connected manifolds of dimension $2n \geq 6$, we get an extension of their result to the case of virtually polycyclic fundamental groups. We also prove the corresponding result for manifolds equipped with tangential structures. A result on the stable homology groups of moduli spaces of manifolds by Galatius--Randal-Williams enables us to make new computations using our homological stability results. In particular, we compute the abelianisation of the mapping class groups of certain $6$-dimensional manifolds. The first computation considers a manifold built from $\mathbb{R} P^6$ which involves a partial computation of the Adams spectral sequence of the spectrum ${MT}$Pin$^{-}(6)$. For the second computation we consider Spin $6$-manifolds with $\pi_1 \cong \mathbb{Z} / 2^k \mathbb{Z}$ and $\pi_2 = 0$, where the main new ingredient is an~analysis of the Atiyah--Hirzebruch spectral sequence for $MT\mathrm{Spin}(6) \wedge \Sigma^{\infty} B\mathbb{Z}/2^k\mathbb{Z}_+$. Finally, we consider the similar manifolds with more general fundamental groups $G$, where $K_1(\mathbb{Q}[G^{\mathrm{ab}}])$ plays a role.

La L-théorie classique d'un anneau commutatif est construite à partir des formes quadratiques sur cet anneau modulo une relation d'équivalence lagrangienne. Nous construisons la L-théorie dérivée, à partir des formes quadratiques $n$-décalées sur un anneau commutatif dérivé. Nous montrons que les formes $n$-décalées qui admettent un lagrangien possèdent une forme standard. Nous montrons des résultats de chirurgie pour la L-théorie dérivée, qui permettent de réduire une forme quadratique décalée en une forme plus simple équivalente. On compare la L-théorie dérivée avec la L-théorie classique.On définit un champ dérivé des formes quadratiques dérivées, et un champ dérivé des lagrangiens dans une forme, qui sont localement algébriques de présentation finie. On calcule les complexes tangents, et on trouve des points lisses. On montre un résultat de rigidité pour la L-théorie : la L-théorie d'un anneau commutatif est isomorphe à celle d'un voisinage hensélien de cet anneau. Enfin, on définit l'algèbre de Clifford d'une forme quadratique n-décalée, qui est une déformation d'une algèbre symétrique en tant qu'E_k-algèbre. On montre un affaiblissement de la propriété d'Azumaya pour ces algèbres, dans le cas d'un décalage nul n=0, qu'on appelle semi-Azumaya. Cette propriété exprime la trivialité de l'homologie de Hochschild du bimodule de Serre. / The classical L-theory of a commutative ring is built from the quadratic forms over this ring modulo a lagrangian equivalence relation.We build the derived L-theory from the n-shifted quadratic forms on a derived commutative ring. We show that forms which admit a lagrangian have a standard form. We prove surgery results for this derived L-theory, which allows to reduce shifted quadratic forms to equivalent simpler forms. We compare classical and derived L-theory.We define a derived stack of shifted quadratic forms and a derived stack of lagrangians in a form, which are locally algebraic of finite presentation. We compute tangent complexes and find smooth points. We prove a rigidity result for L-theory : the L-theory of a commutative ring is isomorphic to that of any henselian neighbourhood of this ring.Finally, we define the Clifford algebra of a n-shifted quadratic form, which is a deformation as E_k-algebra of a symmetric algebra. We prove a weakening of the Azumaya property for these algebras, in the case n=0, which we call semi-Azumaya. This property expresses the triviality of the Hochschild homology of the Serre bimodule.

A definition of fractional Fourier transform as the generalization of ordinary Fourier transform is given at the beginning. Then due to optical reasons the fractional transform of a so-called chirp functions is considered in both theory and practical simulations. Because of a quadratic phase factor which is common in the definition of the transform and some optical concepts, a comparison between these concepts such as Fresnel diffraction, spherical wave, thin lens and free space propagation and the transform has been done. Finally an optical setup for performing the fractional transform is introduced.

Sem dúvida a questão central em Dinâmica Holomorfa é aquela sobre a densidade de hiperbolicidade. Temos a seguinte conjectura devida a Pierre Fatou: No espaço das aplicações racionais de grau d o conjunto das aplicações racionais hiperbólicas neste espaço formam um subconjunto aberto e denso. Nem mesmo para a família dos polinômios quadráticos esta questão foi respondida. Para a família quadrática este problema é equivalente a mostrar a não existência de polinômios quadráticos que suportam sobre o seu conjunto de Julia um campo de linhas invariante. Devido a resultados de Jean-Christophe Yoccoz sabemos da não existência de campos de linhas invariante para polinômios quadráticos no máximo finitamente renormalizáveis. Nesta dissertação é mostrado que um polinômio quadrático infinitamente renormalizável satisfazendo certa hipótese geométrica, denominada robustez, não suporta sobre o seu Julia um campo de linhas invariante. Esta prova foi obtida por Curtis T. McMullen e publicada em [McM1]. Os avanços na teoria de renormalização e quanto ao problema da densidade de hiperbolicidade e problemas relacionados tem contado com a colaboração de inúmeros renomados matemáticos como Mikhail M. Lyubich, Artur Ávila, Mitsuhiro Shishikura, Curtis T. McMullen, Jean-Christophe Yoccoz, Sebastien van Strien, Hiroyuki Inou, dentre outros / Undoubtedly one of the central open questions in Holomorphic Dynamics is about proving the density of hyperbolicity. That question was first raised by Pierre Fatou: In the space of rational functions of degree d the set of hyperbolic rational functions form a open and dense subset. Not even for the family of quadratic polynomials this question been answered. For this particular quadratic family the problem is equivalent to showing the non-existence of quadratic polynomial with a Julia set supporting an invariant line field. Due to results by Jean-Christophe Yoccoz we already know the non-existence of invariant line fields for the quadratic polynomials that are at most finitely renormalizable. In this dissertation it is shown that an infinitely renormalizable quadratic polynomial satisfying a certain geometric hypotesis, called robustness, does not have an invariant line field supported on its Julia set. This proof was obtained by Curtis T. McMullen and published in [McM1]. Many advances on the theory of renormalization and on the problem of density of hyperbolicity have been already accomplished through the collective work of several renowned mathematicians such as Mikhail M. Lyubich, Artur Ávila, Mitsuhiro Shishikura, Curtis T. McMullen, Jean-Christophe Yoccoz, Sebastien van Strien, Hiroyuki Inou among others.