Lietuvai tapus ES nare, atsivėrė galimybės pasinaudoti ES struktūriniais fondais. Būtent pasinaudojus šia finansine parama, galėtų būti išspręstos daugelis Lietuvos socialinių ir ekonominių problemų. Siekiant įsisavinti paskirtą ES finansinę paramą, turėjo būti priimtas BPD. Būtent šiame dokumente nurodomos pagrindinės priemonės, pagal kurias turi būti ruošiami projektai, kuriais norima gauti ES finansavimą. Darbe analizuojami ES struktūriniai fondai. Bendrijos iniciatyvos, jų bendrieji reikalavimai ES finansinei paramai gauti. Kadangi BPD yra labai svarbus dokumentas, magistro darbe analizuojami teisiniai aktai, reglamentuojantys BPD įgyvendinimą. Norint labiau įsigilinti į ES struktūrinių fondų įsisavinimo tendencijas, pasirinkau išnagrinėti kai kurių šalies savivaldybių administracijų vykdomus projektus, finansuojamus iš ES. Analizuojamas kiekvienos pasirinktos savivaldybės sugebėjimas pasinaudoti ES struktūriniais fondais. Pateikiamos lentelės bei diagramos, apibendrinančios analizuotų projektų duomenis, savivaldybių administracijų pateiktas paraiškas, įgyvendintus bei šiuo metu įgyvendinamus projektus, finansuojamus iš ES struktūrinių fondų. Darbe analizuojamos problemos, kurios riboja ES finansinės paramos įsisavinimą. / As our country became one of European Union member, we can use the Structural Funds, The Cohesion fund and other funds financial support. If we want to get financial support from the Structural Funds, we should prepare projects according all rules and laws, especially The General Program document. This document is very important, because according priorities from the General program document are distributing European Union financial support. My work aim is to try to analyze European Union financial support and utilization of it in Lithuania’s municipalities. I set these tasks: to analyze The Structural Funds and their administration; to look round the institutions, which are administrating European Union financial supports; to analyze the laws which present the projects planning; to explain the requirements to get European Union financial support; to analyze projects, which are realizing in municipalities of Lithuania, to indicate main problems, which are associated with European Union financial support. My work consists of five chapters, which I could divide in two big parts: theoretical part and practical part. The first three chapters are just theoretical part. The first one is about the Structural Funds. In the second chapter I am analyzing the laws which present the projects planning. The third chapter is about requirements to get European Union financial support. The other two chapters are practical part. In the fourth chapter I am analyzing projects, which are... [to full text]

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Deep interceptor drains are commonly used to control canal seepage in southern Alberta, Canada. Recently, shallow grid drainage was introduced. A study was initiated in 1987 to assess the effectiveness of grid drainage to intercept canal and natural groundwater seepage and reclaim the resulting saline affected land. / Using a groundwater flow model, MODFLOW, it was found that a single deep interceptor drain would have failed to intercept all canal seepage and maintain the water table downslope of the canal below the 1.0 m design water table depth. Conversely, simulations indicated that with a grid drainage system, all canal and natural groundwater seepage would be intercepted and the water table would remain below the design water table depth, with or without irrigation recharge that would maintain a steady state salt balance. / The benefits of fall irrigation were demonstrated using three test plots near the canal.

Three drainage experiments were conducted on a newly developed organic soil where three cultural methods were superimposed. Measurements of carrot yields, subsidence, water table fluctuations, subsurface drain performance, hydraulic conductivity and soil bulk density were made. Rotovating the soil produced higher carrot yields than plowing or disking during the first year. The seven-year subsidence totalled 515 mm and depended mostly on organic soil depth. Hydraulic conductivity values did not change after five years of drainage. Bulk density of the top 0.20 m increased by 71% in 6 years, whereas the values down the profile increased between 3.3 and 16.2%. / The effect of two water table depths (WTD), 0.6 and 0.9 m, in an organic soil on soil water tension, subsidence swelling and carrot yields was studied in undisturbed cores in the greenhouse. Carrot yields were reduced by the 0.9 m WTD. Subsidence with the 0.9 m WTD was more than double that of the 0.6 m WTD. Raising the water table near the surface caused the soil to swell. / Hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, fiber content and drainable porosity were measured in undisturbed organic soil profiles. Values from all four properties decreased with increasing depth.

Tiriamojo darbo objektas: Jūros pabaseinio upės: Akmena ties Paakmeniu, Jūra ties Taurage ir Šešuvis ties Skirgaliais. Tiriamojo darbo tikslas: Išanalizuoti sausinimo poveikį Jūros pabaseinio nuotėkiui. Tiriamojo darbo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti Jūros pabaseinio upių debito priklausomybę nuo atmosferinių kritulių. 2. Išanalizuoti sausinamų plotų kaitą Jūros pabaseinyje. 3. Įvertinti žemių sausinimo dinamikos pokyčius. 4. Įvertinti Jūros pabaseinio nuotėkio pokyčius drenuotuose plotuose. Tiriamojo darbo metodika: Darbui atlikti panaudoti 1951 – 2009 metų paros nuotėkio, metinio kritulių kiekio, vidutinės paros oro temperatūros duomenys ir nusausintų plotų apimtys. Sudarytas kritulių įtakos debitui grafikas, kuris parodo glaudų šių rodiklių ryšį. Nustatyta žemių sausinimo dinamika tiriamose upėse. Sudaryti nuotėkio koeficiantų kitimo grafikai. Tiriamojo darbo rezultatai: 1. Akmenos (ties Paakmeniu), Jūros (ties Taurage) ir Šešuvio (ties Skirgaliais) upių vidutiniai metiniai debitai ir metiniai kritulių kiekių rodikliai yra glaudžiai susiję. 2. Didžiausias nusausinim intensyvumo rodiklis 1995 metais nustatytas Akmenos upės 1,6. Mažiausias nusausinimo rodiklis yra Jūros upės baseine, ties Taurage - 1,2. Šešuvio upės baseine šis rodiklis 1,27. 3. Akmenos upės baseine iki 2000 metų buvo nusausinta 70 procentų žemės plotų. Jūros upės baseine iki 2000 metų nusausinta 72 procentai žemių. Daugiausiai nusausintų žemių yra Šešuvio upės baseine - 84 procentai. 4. Išanalizavus 1951 - 2009... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Objects of the research: The Jura river watershed (rivers: Akmena near Paakmenis, Jūra near Taurage, Šešuvis near Skirgaliai). Aim of the research: The influence of wetland drainage area on the Jura river watershed runoff. Objectives of the research: 1. To determine the influence of precipitation on the flow rate of rivulets belonging to the Jura river watershed. 2. To analyse the changes in the drained areas of the Jura subbasin. 3. To evaluate the change of dynamics in land drainage. 4. To evaluate changes in the Jura basin runoff in drained areas. Methods of the research: The following data (of 1951-2009) were used: 24 hours flow rate, annual amount of precipitation, average day and night temperature, areas of drained land. A graph of correlation between precipitation and flow rate, which shows a direct relation, was drawn. The graphs of flow rate koefficient variation were created. The findings of the research: 1. The average annual river flow rates and annual precipitation rates of the rivers: Akmena (at Paakmenys), Jura (at Taurage) and Šešuvis (at Skirgaliai) are closely related. 2. The highest rate of drainage intensity in 1995, the river Akmena 1.6. The minimum rate is the Jura drainage basin, near Taurangė - 1.2. Šešuvis basin the figure 1.27. 3. By the year 2000, 70 per cent of land were drained in the Akmena river basin, similarly, (72 per cent) in the Jura river basin. Most land (84 per cent) was drained in the Šešuvis river basin. 4. Having analysed the comon... [to full text]