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This is a case of technological change as it took place in Jefferson Middle School over eight years. It is a study of how a school moved from the abstract level of visioning and planning to the concrete level of action and implementation. Through interviews, historical documents, and reflection a story is told using a building trade metaphor of how the work environment, governance, and learning evolved under the leadership of a new principal as an instructional technology plan was implemented. A lens metaphor was used to view culture, change process, leadership, and reform and frame the guiding questions and conclusions. The culture was transformed by empowering staff members to act and involving them in decision making. A change in the use of instructional technology occurred because staff members shared ideas; participated in visioning, planning, and training; and used the services of an "outside expert". Leadership roles such as "supporter," "innovator," and "expert" were dispersed among staff members. The staff was involved in building level reform as they identified and solved problems. This case may be helpful to practitioners implementing change. / Ed. D.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / The focus of this study was to understand how public school principals perceived their roles changing as a result of the Massachusetts Education Reform Act of 1993 (MERA) and to gain an understanding of the context from Which the changes in the principal's role evolved. The findings provide a basis for policy recommendations directed to the legislature and to policymakers at the state and local levels to ensure that our public schools have capable leaders to lead the Commonwealth's schools through ongoing education reform. There were three major findings of the study: (1) principals embraced the philosophical tenets of MERA and the conceptualization of their role as educational leaders; (2) principals perceived their roles to be more complex in the realm of interactions with constituencies (students, teachers, parents, community, and central office administrators) and in the kinds of tasks they encountered to meet student and program needs stemming from MERA implementation at both the state and local levels; and (3) principals experienced a restrained capacity to lead their schools due to lack of resources for leadership, comprehensive training, and the inability of the organization to modify its structures to meet new MERA governance designs. The findings of this study are clear: since the passage of MERA, principals perceive themselves to be school leaders confronted with complex jobs for which have neither sufficient authority nor sufficient training to effect reform to the level envisioned by MERA architects; even the most experienced among them is having difficulty. The findings further suggest principals need support to implement the ambitious MERA goals and the MERA vision for school reform will not be fully realized until policymakers provide principals with: (1) administrative structures and organizational cultures in which superintendents delegate authority to principals and provide them with the support that the MERA architects envisioned and which is commensurate with their changing and wide-ranging responsibilities; (2) employment conditions which provide contractual support and just cause protection so MERA expectations in the realm of innovation, change, human resource management, and increased student performance at the schoolhouse can be realized; and (3) comprehensive and sustained training programs and professional development opportunities in the areas of educational leadership and administration, instruction, organizational development, human resource management, and legal matters to realize the responsibilities required of their redefined roles. The research design was a qualitative study accomplished through personal interviews with five MERA architects and legislators and thirty principals representing both genders at the elementary, middle, and high school levels in urban and suburban school districts and relevant documents. Analysis of the data indicated that there were no meaningful differences among principals regarding their role change as a result of MERA. / 2999-01-01

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / This study examined the relationship that exists between the processes that are employed when establishing and implementing higher education-business partnerships and the impact that these partnerships have on technology-supported education reform. The concept of technology-supported reform refers to educational initiatives that are designed to generate technological innovations and skills as the key outcomes of the reform process. While earlier studies (Antelo & Henderson, 1990; Powers & Powers; 1988; Meister, 1998) showed links between the implementation of the core partnership processes and the eflectiveness of partnerships, there was insufficient evidence in the literature to support the concept that higher education-business partnerships have an impact on higher education reform. Consequently, investigating the relationships between the core processes that lead to effective partnerships and those that contribute to education reform was a primary goal of this study. The case study method was selected as the method of evaluation. Four cases that represent different contextual and operational environments were selected for the purpose of impact evaluation. A benchmarking framework was applied to the evaluation so that the investigation was consistent. The prediction was that each participating case would yield similar outcomes or replications with regard to the five theoretical assumptions, and the key research questions that bounded this study. Such replications would provide evidence to support a view held by South Africa's Ministry of Education (White Paper on Education 3, 1997), that business-education partnerships are a strategic policy approach for improving educational outcomes. This study assessed the extent to which the four cases addressed South Africa's post-apartheid educational transformation needs and challenges. Two sets of findings emerged: findings related to partnerships, and findings related to education reform. The main finding relating to partnership was that successful higher educationbusiness partnerships engaged key processes and procedures for planning, implementing, and evaluating their work. A key finding related to education reform was that higher education-business partnerships make an impact on education reform. The most significant areas of impact were: teaching and learning, human resources development, technology transfer and research. The study concluded by developing a proposed benchmarking framework which can be used to plan, implement and evaluate higher education-business partnerships. / 2999-01-01

The research attempted to demystify the Zimbabwean land reform that was spear headed by war veterans’ in Zimbabwe. This research investigated the impact of the Fast Track Land Reform Programme (FTLRP) in 2000 on Household Food Security. It was generally assumed that the programme did not improve Household Food Security. To verify that assertion the research used questionnaires in a survey research design. The questionnaires were administered to 322 household heads that had been selected by the random stratified sampling method in Mutare District. The results established that Household Food Security in Mutare District improved after the implementation of the FTLRP. The national grain storage however was depleted because the new farmers reduced the production levels set by the former white farmers. The research therefore recommends an orderly and sustainable transition of Land Reform in future programmes to enhance national grain reserves. This also further improves the Household Food Security.

This thesis examines the reform ideas and efforts of Daud Shah, a Muslim socio-religious reformer in the Madras Presidency during the twentieth century. Shah published a journal, Dar ul-Islam (World of Islam), which he used as a medium to propagate his ideas and advocate reforms among Muslims. Socio-religious reform efforts among Muslims in the Madras Presidency have received very limited scholarly attention. But the purpose of this thesis goes beyond merely focusing on a neglected area of scholarship. Shah belonged to a small class of Western-educated Muslim professionals. This thesis will demonstrate how Shah’s reform efforts differed from those advocated by the aristocracy and the merchant elite. This thesis will analyze the relationship between Shah and the national-level reform movements among Muslims. Shah’s reform and fundraising efforts also reveal the close links between Muslims in Tamil Nadu and Southeast Asia. Finally, the thesis will show the influence of print technology on reform movements among Muslims. / text

O estudo acompanha o desenvolvimento da reforma admnistrativa da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde, definida em 1967, face aos condicionantes existentes no Plano de Reforma Administrativa do Serviço Público Estadual. Esses condicionantes situavam-se na configuração institucional, principalmente legislativa do Estado, na forma de divisão, duplicidade e vazios de competência dos órgãos centrais da administração, na crescente tendência do Governo para adoção de figuras jurídicas de Direito Privado na organização de serviços públicos e no reforço do consenso divulgado de uma administração centralizada ingovernável e ineficiente. Pretende, também, demonstrar como a definição clara e precisa de princípios e diretrizes de saúde pública, como base de reforma da Secretaria, demandou tanto esforço e tempo que se descuidou da adoção de mecanismo de proteção frente aos condicionantes citados. São examinados três conjuntos de medidas propostas, mais recentemente, para a organização de Saúde, quanto às soluções que demandariam, evidenciando que aqueles condicionantes, mais do que a disponibilidade de tecnologia adequada para organização, continuam a restringir a operacionalização de qualquer plano. / The administrative reform of the State Secretariate of Health, carried out in 1967, is analysed considering the conditionning factors and limitations of the Reform Plan of the State Civil Service. Among the conditionning factors we may state: institutional configuration, especially the legislative one; division of attributions and lack of competence of State Administrative Central Organs; the increasing tendency to adopt juridical figures of Private Law in the organization of public services. The formulation of Public Health principais and guide-lines as a basis for the reform took such an effort and consumed so much time that mechanisms of self-protection agains the conditionning factors were not instituted. Three sets of measures proposed \"a posteriori\" for the organization of health services in the State are analysed. Operational difficulties observed are due the conditionning factors rather than dificiency or lack of administrative technology adequate to the reform.

O estudo acompanha o desenvolvimento da reforma admnistrativa da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde, definida em 1967, face aos condicionantes existentes no Plano de Reforma Administrativa do Serviço Público Estadual. Esses condicionantes situavam-se na configuração institucional, principalmente legislativa do Estado, na forma de divisão, duplicidade e vazios de competência dos órgãos centrais da administração, na crescente tendência do Governo para adoção de figuras jurídicas de Direito Privado na organização de serviços públicos e no reforço do consenso divulgado de uma administração centralizada ingovernável e ineficiente. Pretende, também, demonstrar como a definição clara e precisa de princípios e diretrizes de saúde pública, como base de reforma da Secretaria, demandou tanto esforço e tempo que se descuidou da adoção de mecanismo de proteção frente aos condicionantes citados. São examinados três conjuntos de medidas propostas, mais recentemente, para a organização de Saúde, quanto às soluções que demandariam, evidenciando que aqueles condicionantes, mais do que a disponibilidade de tecnologia adequada para organização, continuam a restringir a operacionalização de qualquer plano. / The administrative reform of the State Secretariate of Health, carried out in 1967, is analysed considering the conditionning factors and limitations of the Reform Plan of the State Civil Service. Among the conditionning factors we may state: institutional configuration, especially the legislative one; division of attributions and lack of competence of State Administrative Central Organs; the increasing tendency to adopt juridical figures of Private Law in the organization of public services. The formulation of Public Health principais and guide-lines as a basis for the reform took such an effort and consumed so much time that mechanisms of self-protection agains the conditionning factors were not instituted. Three sets of measures proposed \"a posteriori\" for the organization of health services in the State are analysed. Operational difficulties observed are due the conditionning factors rather than dificiency or lack of administrative technology adequate to the reform.

The distribution question of the land is a distribution question of the social wealth at the same time,but because will produce the antithesis of the position to assign naturally, so a successful land reform is to need accepting by society and cooperating. Republic of Taiwan in 38 years onwards to promote land reform,by most scholars, is praised as a model of successful reform.The achievement is considered to be effective at easing or solving the land problem, and because of narrowing the wealth gap, reduce the contradiction of the society,thus stable at the time of Taiwan society,later, more to promote economic development miracle. Taiwan's land reform as a starting point,enhance the tenant farmer economic, social status,improving rural life,adequate stable social environment, in fact, the social level, is also a successful social reforms. Lorenz von Stein, is a national scholar, is also a pioneer in sociology, administrative science and history scholars,jurists, Its academic contribution to the integration of the four areas of the national science, economic theory, social theory, administrative theory and financial theory,advocated the philosophy of man and state the purpose of considering and development, countries with independent ability to promote "national organism," said,the individual must be set free only in groups,the purpose of groups in the protection of individual freedom,the problem for society, social order and social change, and other social issues and more insights. This article by Lorenz von Stein social theory perspective,to observe Taiwan's land reform process,and bring about social reform its evolution, and to explore the social changes in, the interaction between state and society, And the idea of control Society, it is not the social inequality, But society does not flow,and countries in social class inequalities caused by the flow of the class should not play a role.So that the task of the State to break the social classes in the defense and on special interests dominated,and integration of the interests of all social classes, to avoid special interests above the national class of cases. Therefore, Taiwan's current social problems,state if the integration by the interests of all social classes, uphold the principle of priority of public interest, although the social problems will continue to occur,but society still more to upgrade because of reform.