Submitted by GISLAINE MARA MELEGA null (gis_laine_m@hotmail.com) on 2017-03-27T18:20:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_Gislaine Melega_Matemática.pdf: 2710288 bytes, checksum: 9c3a4e388e7584cf0423182dcfdcced8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-03-29T19:23:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 melega_gm_dr_sjrp.pdf: 2710288 bytes, checksum: 9c3a4e388e7584cf0423182dcfdcced8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-29T19:23:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 melega_gm_dr_sjrp.pdf: 2710288 bytes, checksum: 9c3a4e388e7584cf0423182dcfdcced8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-21 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Nesta tese, estamos interessados em tratar de maneira integrada dois conhecidos problemas da literatura. Esta integração é referida na literatura como problema integrado de dimensionamento de lotes e corte de estoque. A ideia consiste em considerar simultaneamente, as decisões relacionadas com ambos os problemas, de modo a capturar a interdependência entre estas decisões e, assim, obter uma melhor solução global. Propõe-se um modelo matemático geral para o problema integrado de dimensionamento de lotes e corte de estoque (GILSCS), que considera vários níveis de integração e nos permite classificar a literatura, em termos de modelos matemáticos, dos problemas integrados. A classificação é organizada a partir de dois principais aspectos de integração que são: a integração através dos períodos de tempo e a integração entre os níveis de produção. Em um horizonte de planejamento que considera vários períodos, o estoque fornece uma ligação entre os períodos. Esta integração, por períodos de tempo, constitui o primeiro tipo de integração. O problema geral também considera a produção em diferentes níveis: objetos são fabricados ou comprados e então são cortados para produzir peças menores e estas, por sua vez, constituem componentes para a produção dos produtos finais. A integração entre os diferentes níveis de produção consiste no segundo tipo de integração. A revisão da literatura também possibilita direcionar interessantes áreas para pesquisas futuras. O comportamento da solução para este tipo de problema, com três níveis e vários períodos, é estudado a partir do desenvolvimento de métodos de solução considerando abordagens que superam as dificuldades do problema, que consistem no alto número de padrões de corte, estruturas em vários níveis (multiestágios) e variáveis binárias de preparo. Os métodos de solução propostos para o problema GILSCS são baseados em duas abordagens conhecidas da literatura, usadas com sucesso para resolver os problemas separadamente, que são o procedimento de geração de colunas e heurísticas de decomposição do tipo relax-and-fix. Estas estratégias e suas variações são combinadas à um pacote de otimização em um estudo computacional com dados gerados aleatoriamente. Uma revisão da literatura, em termos de métodos de solução, para o problema integrado também é apresentada. Outras contribuições desta tese consistem em propor diferentes modelos matemáticos para o problema integrado, combinando modelos alternativos para cada um dos problemas separadamente. Neste estudo, o objetivo é comparar e avaliar, com um extensivo estudo computacional, a qualidade e o impacto das diferentes formulações. O outro trabalho trata de uma aplicação do problema integrado em um indústria de móveis de pequeno porte, em que restrições específicas do ambiente industrial são abordadas, como estoque de segurança e ciclos da serra. A solução obtida pelo modelo proposto é comparada com uma simulação da prática da empresa. / In this thesis, the subject of interest is in treating, in an integrated way, two wellknown problems in the literature. This integration is referred in the literature as the integrated lot-sizing and cutting stock problem. The basic idea is to consider, simultaneously, the decisions related to both problems so as to capture the interdependency between these decisions in order to obtain a better global solution. We propose a mathematical model for a general integrated lot-sizing and cutting stock (GILSCS) problem. This model considers multiple dimensions of integration and enables us to classify the current literature, in terms of mathematical models, in this field. The main classification of the literature is organized around two types of integration. In a planning horizon which consists of multiple periods, the inventory provides a link between the periods. This integration across time periods constitutes the first type of integration. The general problem also considers the production in different levels: objects are fabricated or purchased and then, they are cut to produce the pieces which are then assembled as components in the production of final products. The integration between these production levels constitutes the second type of integration. The literature review also enables us to point out interesting areas for future research. The behavior of a solution to this type of problem, with three levels of production and several time periods, is studied considering the development of solution approaches that overcome the difficulties of the problem, which are the high number of cutting patterns, multi-level structures and the binary values of the setup variables. The solution methods proposed to the GILSCS problem are based on two known strategies from the literature which are used successfully to solve the problems separately, which are the column generation procedure and decomposition heuristics based on relax-and-fix procedure. These strategies and their variations are combined into an optimization package in a computational study with randomly generated data. A literature review, in terms of solution methods, to the integrated problem, is also presented. Other contributions of this thesis consist of proposing different mathematical models for the integrated problem combining alternative models for each one of the problems separately. In this study, the aim is to compare and evaluate, with an extensive computational study, the quality and the impact of these dfifferent formulations. Another study is an application of the integrated problem in a small furniture factory, in which specific constraints related to the industrial environment are addressed, such as, safety stock level constraints and saw cycles constraints. The solution obtained from the proposed model is compared to a simulation of the common practice in the company. / FAPESP: 2012/20631-2

[pt] O problema de roteamento de navios com gestão de estoques (conhecido pelo termo em inglês Maritime inventory routing ou MIR) representa um problema prático de logística onde o transportador da carga também é responsável pela manutenção dos estoques do produto transportado nos portos de carga e descarga. Esta tese estuda um caso real do problema MIR. Um conjunto de testes é apresentado de modo a comparar diferentes formulações matemáticas da literatura, a fim de encontrar aquela mais aderente ao problema real. Em função da complexidade computacional do problema, é apresentada uma abordagem heurística que consegue encontrar soluções similares e reduz consideravelmente o tempo computacional quando comparadas com as formulações baseadas em PLIM. No entanto, problemas reais são muito influenciados por aspectos incertos. Sendo assim, é apresentada uma abordagem robusta para a otimização do problema MIR, que considera incerteza no tempo de estadia do navio nos portos. A abordagem apresentada produz soluções para diferentes níveis de robustez. Em outras palavras, considera o risco de variação no tempo de estadia do navio em um porto durante uma operação de carga ou descarga. Assim, é capaz de determinar a probabilidade de inviabilidade da solução encontrada para cada nível de robustez oferecido, além do impacto no custo de transporte à medida que soluções mais robustas são apresentadas. Esta abordagem oferece ao tomador de decisão a medida do trade-off entre robustez e custo de transporte. Desta forma, o mesmo pode determinar qual o nível de conservadorismo irá adotar em sua programação de navios e quanto isto irá impactar o custo de transporte. Os experimentos apresentados identificaram que, aumentos sutís no nível de robustez (com pequeno impacto no custo de transporte) podem reduzir consideravelmente a probabilidade de inviabilidade de uma solução. / [en] Maritime inventory routing (MIR) problem is an academic name for a practical logistic problem that represents the routing or scheduling of vessels to carry product(s) between ports. Meanwhile, the product(s) inventory levels in these ports must remain between operational bounds during the entire planning horizon. This thesis focus on how to support decision on a real-life MIR problem faced by a Brazilian petroleum company. To do so, we structure a set of tests to compare different formulation from literature and identify which is more adherent to real problem. Due to computational complexity of the problem, we present an heuristic approach that provides reasonably good solutions when compared to deterministic mixed integer linear programming (MILP) formulations and reduces considerably the computational time of solving real-life instances. However, uncertainty events have great impact in the ship scheduling planning. Therefore, we propose a robust optimization approach that considers uncertainty in the time spent at ports in each ship visit. Our approach is able to determine the probability of infeasibility and the impact in the objective function for each level of robustness, helping to measure the uncertain aversion of the decision maker. Our experiments identified that, for a certain instance, varying the level of robustness one may reduce the probability of infeasibility from 87 per cent (of deterministic solution) to 2 per cent and it represents an increase in the transportation costs of about 13 per cent.

O presente trabalho trata do problema integrado de dimensionamento e sequenciamento de lotes de produção. O processo de dimensionar e sequenciar lotes de produção consiste em determinar quanto produzir de cada produto e a sequência de produção desses lotes em cada máquina a cada período a fim de atender a uma demanda prevista sob as condições e capacidades operacionais existentes. O caso estudado nesse trabalho aborda o cenário de uma empresa de grande porte da indústria de bens de consumo de higiene pessoal, um mercado bastante concorrido no qual o bom nível de serviço de atendimento e a gestão de custos mostram-se essenciais na competição pelos clientes. Nessa empresa, existe um ambiente operacional complexo, composto por máquinas distintas em paralelo com capacidade limitada de produção cujos tempos de preparação (setup) são dependentes da sequência de produção, além de uma restrição de capacidade de armazenagem dos produtos fabricados, característica não encontrada na literatura existente. Os clientes permitem que ocorram atrasos de atendimento da demanda, porém isso é extremamente indesejável. Esse tipo de problema é NP-difícil, sendo geralmente tratado na literatura por heurísticas. Nesse trabalho, elaboramos nove diferentes estratégias de resolução baseadas na heurística relax-and-fix. O objetivo é, não somente resolver um problema real complexo, como também avaliar se o modo de articionamento e a sequência de resolução dos subproblemas influencia no desempenho da heurística. Os testes computacionais foram conduzidos em instâncias geradas aleatoriamente e em casos reais. Os resultados mostraram um bom desempenho e robustez da abordagem proposta. Técnicas alternativas foram aplicadas na estratégia com os melhores resultados para potencializar seu desempenho. / This work adresses the integrated lot sizing and scheduling problem. The process of lot sizing and scheduling consists of determining how much to produce of each product and the scheduling of these lots in each machine in order to meet the demand under existing restrictions and operational capabilities. The case studied in this work describes the scenario of a big company in the industry of consumer goods for personal hygiene, a very competitive market in which the good service level for customers and the cost management show up in the competition for the clients. In this company, there is a complex operational environment, composed of distinct parallel machines with limited production capacity and sequence dependente setup times. There is also a limited finished goods storage capacity, a characteristic not found in the existing literature. Backordering is allowed but it is extremely undesirable. This problem is NP-hard and it has been treated by heuristics in the literature. In this work, we developed nine different solving strategies based on the relax-and-fix heuristics. The aim of this approach is not only to solve a complex real problem but also assess whether the form of partitioning and the sequence of solving the subproblems influences the performance of the relax-and-fix heuristics. The computational experiments were conducted on ramdomly generated instances and real problems. The results showed the good performance and the robustness of the proposed approach. Alternative techniques were applied in the strategy with the best results in the previous tests to enhance its performance.

The diploma thesis is focused on an architectonic study of cycling stadium in Brno Komárov that shall substitute the current velodrome at Brno´s fair ground that does not conform to current Olympic standards and that shall provide new and better conditions not only for the club Favorit Brno base but also for other enthusiastic sportsmen of track cycling. The study regards also the future adding of another sport, of athletics as Brno has not enough of covered training areas. That is why I add the cycling with this sport in my diploma thesis so that the building can offer its maximum not only to top sportsmen but also occasional sport enthusiasts and to enrich its surroundings to its maximum. The building design uses combination of concrete, steel and glass. Large glass façade is shielded with a great roof overlap that shall provide a natural shielding in summer period. The diploma thesis was preceded with a specialised atelier TG02 that was focused on the development of adjacent surfaces, on the BMX track that should closely cooperate with the new cycling stadium. The specified territory in Komárov Brno presents a great sport potential that shall be developed in the future.

Object SPORT & RELAX CENTER is a new building made by reinforced concrete monolithical skeleton. Filling masonry is creating with porous concrete blocks YTONG. Thermal insulation is attended by blocks made from mineral wool. Facade is ventilated and made from fibre cemented blocks. Object has two floors and cellar. The foundations are reinforced concreting monolithical stretches and foots. The stairs are three-arm monolithical reinforced concrete. Object is roofed by flat one-housing roof, over restaurant part is intensive green roof and terrace with ceramic tile.Object is supposed to use for sports and relaxation needs for the public of Chotěbor’s city and vicinity. In first floor we can find two courts for squash, restaurant with the terrace, in second floor is fitness center and in 1S we can find wellness center (massages, relaxing baths, whirlpool, relaxing room, 3 kinds of sauna-finland, steam and steam solt sauna). On the east and the south part of the parcel will be providing parking lot for visitors and employees. On the west part of the parcel is enter for supply. On the north are situated 2 courts and a volleyball pitch. The rest of the parcel cover light grass.

The overall contribution of this thesis is to propose an integrated approach for modeling and verifying the requirements of Self Adaptive Systems using Model Driven Engineering techniques. Model Driven Engineering is primarily concerned with reducing the gap between problem and software implementation domains through the use of technologies that support systematic transformation of problem level abstractions to software implementations. By using these techniques, we have bridged this gap through the use of models that describe complex systems at multiple levels of abstraction and through automated support for transforming and analyzing these models. We take requirements as input and divide it into Functional and Non Functional Requirements. We then use a process to identify those requirements that are adaptable and those that cannot be changed. We then introduce the concepts of Goal Oriented Requirements Engineering for modeling the requirements of Self Adaptive Systems, where Non Functional Requirements are expressed in the form of goals which is much more rich and complete in defining relations between requirements. We have identified some problems in the conventional methods of requirements modeling and properties verification using existing techniques, which do not take into account the adaptability features associated with Self Adaptive Systems. Our proposed approach takes into account these adaptable requirements and we provide various tools and processes that we developed for the requirements modeling and verification of Self Adaptive Systems. We validate our proposed approach by applying it on two different case studies in the domain of Self Adaptive Systems.

The topic of my work was to revitalize, recreate and redefine the recreational and sports area Za Lužánkami. Despite its gradual ruining and poor technical conditions it still has something to offer. Indications of this are constant efforts to refresh sport activities and ambitions to bring to this place its lost glory. The main goal of this proposal was to focus on creating a football stadium, support and highlight its dominance and majesty. Stadium was dimensioned on real usefulness with capacity more than 20 000 spectators. The main element of the stadium is its placing in a rising surface and to create a construction which will be a pleasant attraction with its exterior raising pillars and roof construction from all cardinal points. Football stadium fulfills functions of a modern stadium in all required factors and its placing and connection and fulfills sports hall compliance and recreational area for all visitors and householders.

No description available.

This thesis focuses on the analysis of heavy noble gases (argon, krypton and xenon) and halogens (chlorine, bromine and iodine) in Martian meteorites. In the absence of a sample-return mission, Martian meteorite analysis is essential for establishing evidence for an active fluid system, evaluating the potential for life and understanding the formation and evolution of Mars. Noble gas analysis has multiple applications for Martian meteorite study, as described in this thesis. The noble gas isotopic signatures of Earth’s atmosphere, Martian atmosphere and Martian interior are sufficiently different that they can be distinguished through noble gas analysis. Analysis of bulk and mineral separates of shergottites showed that Martian atmospheric Xe was distributed evenly amongst samples, whilst terrestrially weathered samples contained elevated concentrations of terrestrial atmospheric Xe. Both atmospheric components were introduced by weathering. Shock redistribution is responsible for the distribution of Martian atmosphere into more retentive sites. Crustal contamination may be responsible for the presence or absence of detectable 129Xe from the Martian atmosphere. Halogen abundances can be determined as an extension of the Ar-Ar dating technique. As the halogen system on Earth acts as a tracer for important fluid related processes, Martian halogen abundances in meteorites may provide a tracer for the Martian fluid system. Analysis of bulk and mineral separates of nakhlites showed that halogens are distributed amongst minor phases and clear variation of Br/Cl and I/Cl ratios was observed amongst samples. Elevated I concentrations in low temperature releases of finds NWA 998 and MIL 03346 are consistent with terrestrial contamination. Analysis of Nakhla, (a meteorite fall), showed a trend of elevated Br/Cl and I/Cl ratios in crush and low temperature releases, consistent with Br/Cl ratios observed in Martian rocks, soils and weathering products. In contrast, high temperature releases had lower I/Cl and Br/Cl ratios, which are broadly comparable to the terrestrial mantle. This trend may represent mixing of hydrothermal fluids (low Br/Cl and I/Cl) and surface brines (high Br/Cl and I/Cl). An impact-induced hydrothermal system may provide a mechanism for mixing of both fluid types. The crystallisation ages of nakhlite meteorites were determined using the Ar-Ar dating technique. The apparent ages measured were similar to previous Ar-Ar analysis, and older than reported for other chronometers. Previously unrecognised components were observed, including evidence for a trapped hydrous fluid. This Cl-rich component showed strong correlation with 40Ar and had 40Ar/36Ar and 40Ar/129XeXS ratios consistent with Martian atmosphere. As this component was released during crush and low temperature analysis, fluid inclusions formed by percolation of brines from the Martian surface are likely hosts. Both finds showed clear evidence of a trapped component with 40Ar/36Ar ratios similar to either terrestrial atmosphere or the Martian interior. A further component observed in olivine phases had low 40Ar/36Ar ratios, and likely formed by the release of 36Ar formed by cosmic-ray spallation reactions on iron.

The aim of this thesis is to create a client xDB database, which supports visualization and management of XML documents and schemas. The first part deals with the introduction of XML, XML schemas (DTD, XML Schema, RelaxNG, etc.) and contextual technologies. After that the thesis deals with the problem of the XML persistence and it focuses on mapping techniques necessary for an efficient storage in a relational database. The main part is devoted to the design and implementation of client application XML Admin, which is programmed in Java. The application uses the XML:DB interface to communicate with the xDB database. It supports storing XML documents to a collection and the XPath language for querying them. The final section is devoted to application performance testing and comparison with existing native database eXist.