No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

This research investigated the relationships between molecular size and the TOC, TTHM, acid strength and color concentrations present in raw and coagulated water from Lake Washington. Three separate coagulants were utilized for investigation. There were: Al, Fe and Mg. Results indicated that the majority of the TOC, color and TTHM precursors were in the colloidal size range and removed by coagulation. The remaining TTHM precursors are mostly molecular and require a process other than coagulation for removal from the potable water before environmental standards are met.

SyfteDenna systematiska översiktsstudie gjordes i syfte att sammanställa randomiserade kontrollerade studier som jämför fyllningsöverlevnaden där kaviteten preparerats med Carisolv, borr och/eller hand exkavering. Studien gjordes också för att kunna användas till fortsatta studier inom området.Material & MetodDatabassökning i PubMed och Cochrane gjordes. Alla titlar och sammanfattningar lästes, de som var relevanta för denna studie lästes sedan i fulltext. Totalt 9 artiklar inkluderades och varje artikel granskades m h a GRADE modellen för att bestämma studiernas evidensstyrka.Resultat913 tänder behandlades med en av metoderna. Studierna undersökte fyllningsöverlevnaden vid olika uppföljningstillfällen, mellan 6 månader och 2 år. Resultaten visar inga statistiskt signifikanta skillnader för fyllningsöverlevnad mellan de olika metoderna.SlutsatsResultaten visar ingen statistisk skillnad i fyllningsöverlevnad mellan Carisolv och andra metoder för att avlägsna karies. Resultaten kan stödja karies exkavering med Carisolv, eftersom metoden dessutom kan användas för karies exkavering på barn och tandvårdsrädda patienter då metoden är mindre obehaglig och patienten behöver således inte lokalanestesi lika ofta. Dock är studierna inom detta område få samt att de har låg evidensstyrka vilket gör att det behövs fler studier på området med högre evidensstyrka. / AimThis systematic review aimed to summarize randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluate the survival rates of restorations, comparing the Carisolv system to hand excavation and/or the conventional drilling method. The aim was also to collect all data in one place to be used for further research.Materials & MethodsA database screening of PubMed and the Cochrane library was performed. One reviewer read all titles and abstracts, those considered of interest were fully scrutinized. A total of 9 articles were included and each was evaluated using the GRADE-system. The studies were appraised to have a low level of evidence.ResultsA total 913 teeth received treatment either with Carisolv, hand excavation and/or drilling. The studies evaluated the success rate of dental restorations at follow-ups between 6 months to two years. The results showed no significant difference in success rate of restorations made either by Carisolv, bur or hand excavation.ConclusionsThe results showed as high success rates for caries removal with Carisolv as with other methods, in terms of restoration survival, and that there was no statistically significant difference between the test group and control group. These results are encouraging for caries removal with Carisolv since it also can be used as an alternative treatment for children and patients with dental fear due to the less painful experience and lesser need for local anesthesia. The present studies on this subject are few and have limited evidence, thus underlining the need for more studies on the subject and studies with higher evidence for further research.