It is believed that the extremely hot European summer in 2003, where tens of thousands died in buildings, will become the norm by the 2040s, and hence there is the urgent need to accurately assess the risk that buildings pose. Thermal simulations based on warmer than typical years will be key to this. Unfortunately, the existing warmer than typical years, such as probabilistic Design Summer Years (pDSYs) are not robust measures due to their simple selection method, and can even be cooler than typical years. This study developed two new summer reference years: one (pHSY-1) is suitable for assessing the occurrence and severity of overheating while the other (pHSY-2) is appropriate for evaluating the thermal stress. Both have been proven to be more robust than the pDSYs. In addition, this study investigated the spatial variation in overheating driven by variability in building characteristics and the local environment. This variation had been ignored by previous studies, as most of them either created thermal models using building archetypes with little or no concern about the influence of local shading, or assumed little variation in climate across a landscape. For the first time, approximately a thousand more accurate thermal models were created for a UK city based on the remote measurement including building characteristics and their local shading. By producing overheating and mortality maps this study found that spatial variation in the risk of overheating was considerably higher due to the variability of vernacular forms, contexts and climates than previously thought, and that the heat-related mortality will be tripled by the 2050s if no building and human thermal adaptations are taken. Such maps would be useful to Governments when making cost-effective adaptation strategies against a warming climate.

The thesis is focused on work with the data and information for the Fire and Rescue Service of South Bohemia Region, and its goal is to determine whether the data and information faced by members and employees of Fire and Rescue Service in their work are treated in accordance with applicable legislation, and whether they are adequately secured and protected against misuse and loss. Based on the organizational structure of qualitative research are mapped in detail the security and protection of data on individual departments and workplaces. These information compile risk areas for different types of data and due to this is prepared the risk map for these areas. Due to the findings the specific measures are designed to mitigate the risks for certain fields of work with data and information. The first part explains the basic concepts and definitions of words data, information and knowledge. The next section discusses the historical context of the mapped datastorage and handling of data in paper and electronic form, including the development of information systemsand technologies. Further are described the possible threats by varius effects on these data. Another chapter focuseson describing the current state ofwork with data and description oftechnologies used to it at the Fire and Rescue Service. Afterwards is elaborated an organizational structure focused on work with data. In following part the risk map is prepared for each area and proposesseveral solutions and particular measures to reducethe greatest of the resultingrisks. The benefit of this work is the implementation of several specific solutions to eliminate and reduce the threat of risks when working with dataat Fire and Rescue Service of South Bohemia Region, and several otherproposal measures and stepsfor additional security and data protection.

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an emerging viral zoonosis that causes frequent outbreaks in east Africa and on the Arabian Peninsula. The likelihood of RVF global expansion due to climate change and human anthropogenic factors is an important issue. The causative agent, RVF virus, is an arbovirus that is transmitted by several mosquito species and is able to infect a wide range of livestock as well as people. The infection leads to mass abortions and death in livestock and a potentially deadly hemorrhagic fever in humans. RVF has severe socio-economic consequences such as animal trade bans between countries, disruption of food security, and economic disaster for farmers and pastoralists as well as for countries. Human behavior such as direct contact with infected animals or their fluids and exposure to mosquito bites increases the risk for contracting the disease. To better understand the challenges associated with RVF outbreaks and to explore prevention and control strategies, we used the One Health approach. The local community had to be involved to understand the interaction between the environment, animals, and humans. We focused on Sudan, Saudi Arabia, and Kenya. First, we systematically reviewed the literature and then we performed cross sectional community-based studies using a special One Health questionnaire. Climatic and remote sensing data were used in combination with statistics to develop a sub-region predictive model for RVF. For both Saudi Arabia and Sudan, the ecology and environment of the affected areas were similar. These areas included irrigation canals and excessive rains that provide an attractive habitat for mosquito vectors to multiply. The surveillance systems were unable to detect the virus in livestock before it spread to humans. Ideally, livestock should serve as sentinels to prevent loss of human lives, but the situation here was reversed. Differences between countries regarding further spread of RVF was mainly determined by better economic and infrastructure resources. In Sudan, there was a lack of knowledge and appropriate practices at the studied community regarding RVF disease symptoms and risk factors for both animals and humans. The community was hesitant in notifying the authorities about RVF suspicion in livestock due to the lack of a compensation system. The perceived role of the community in controlling RVF was fragmented, increasing the probability of RVF transmission and disease. In Kenya, our study found that better knowledge about RVF does not always translate to more appropriate practices that avoid exposure to the disease. However, the combination of good knowledge, attitudes, and practices may explain why certain communities were less affected. Strategies to combat RVF should consider socio-cultural and behavioral differences among communities. We also noticed that RVF outbreaks in Kenya occurred in regions with high livestock density exposed to heavy rains and wet soil fluxes, which could be measured by evapotranspiration and vegetation seasonality variables. We developed a RVF risk map on a sub-regional scale. Future outbreaks could be better managed if such relevant RVF variables are integrated into early warning systems. To confront RVF outbreaks, a policy is needed that better incorporates ecological factors and human interactions with livestock and environment that help the RVF pathogen spread. Early detection and notification of RVF is essential because a delay will threaten the core of International Health Regulations (IHR), which emphasizes the share of information during a transboundary disease outbreak to avoid unnecessary geographical expansion.

The aim of this master's thesis is to present risk management and methods used in risk management. The thesis is based on the ATOM methodology, which was developed for practical risk management. The thesis is focused on methods of the visualization that should present risks at IT projects with an intuitive and understandable form. It also concerns with different options of the visualization and their use at risk management. The visualization could be like a table, a graph, or another form. The thesis also contains requirements specification for risk visualization application created due to found information. The design and implementation of the project management risk visualization application is based on requirements specification. The benefits of the thesis and possible extensions are proposed at the end.

The first chapter describes the situation of the use of industrial robots in the market of machine-building production. The sales volumes of modern robots are considered depending on the industries where they are applied. Comparative statistics on the implementation of robots for performing various operations are also given. The level of robotization in Russia and in the world is analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages associated with the introduction of robots into enterprises are revealed. In the second chapter, the topic of flexible production systems is discussed. The existing systems for designing flexible machining modules are evaluated. It also provides a definition of risk, its evaluation. The types of risks were identified during the implementation of the robotic machine module at the enterprise of the machine-building complex. Methods for determining the magnitude of risks are presented. The third chapter presents the most commonly used tools for risk analysis. The main features of the expert assessment method are considered in details. The sequence of actions of the expert survey is presented. On the basis of the chosen method, an order of actions for assessing the risks of the robotic modules presented in the second chapter of the CAD algorithms was developed. Visual images based on summary tables of each CAD algorithm are constructed. Measures to eliminate intolerable risks are suggested. The master's thesis consists of an explanatory note of 80 pages, 18 figures, 11 tables and includes an introduction, three chapters, conclusion, a list of sources used, consisting of 35 titles, and three appendixes. / В 1-й главе описывается ситуация применения промышленных роботов на рынке машиностроительного производства. Рассмотрены объемы продаж современных роботов в зависимости от отраслей, где они применяются. Также была приведена сравнительная статистика по реализации роботов для выполнения различных операций. Проанализирован уровень роботизации в России и в мире. Выявлены преимущества и недостатки, связанные с внедрением роботов на предприятия. Во 2-й главе затрагивается тема гибких производственных систем. Осуществляется оценка существующих систем проектирования гибких модулей механообработки. Также дается определение риска, его оценки. Были выявлены виды рисков при внедрении роботизированного станочного модуля на предприятии машиностроительного комплекса. Приводятся методы для определения величины рисков. В 3-й главе представлены наиболее часто используемые инструменты для анализа рисков. Рассмотрены более подробно основные особенности метода экспертных оценок. Представлена последовательность действий экспертного опроса. На основе выбранного метода был разработан порядок действий оценки рисков приведенных во второй главе алгоритмов САПР роботизированных модулей. Построены наглядные изображения на основе сводных таблиц каждого алгоритма САПР. Предложены мероприятия по устранению непереносимых рисков. Магистерская диссертация состоит из пояснительной записки объемом 80 страниц, 18 рисунков, 11 таблиц и включает в себя введение, три главы, заключение, список использованных источников, состоящий из 35 наименований, а также три приложения.