Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-08-09T16:39:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoHeliofardeJesusVillarDissertacao2016.pdf: 1435135 bytes, checksum: 9dafb3b1a590e73843c1fad0baa840b5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-08-09T16:42:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoHeliofardeJesusVillarDissertacao2016.pdf: 1435135 bytes, checksum: 9dafb3b1a590e73843c1fad0baa840b5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-09T16:42:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoHeliofardeJesusVillarDissertacao2016.pdf: 1435135 bytes, checksum: 9dafb3b1a590e73843c1fad0baa840b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-26 / This dissertation addresses the following question: Given that the state obeys the principle of secularism, religious reasons are admissible in the public sphere, in the debate involving fundamental issues aiming political decisions? That is, in the deliberative process which occurs in the public arena, is it compatible with the obligations of citizenship that someone support a legislation, or a public policy, grounded in religious reasons? In political philosophy, there are three main ways to answer this question, which will be studied here, having as starting point the theory of public reason of John Rawls and others: (i) the thesis sustaining that the principle of secularism implies that religious arguments must be circumscribed to private sphere; (ii) the admissibility of this sort of arguments, provided that they were translated in public reasons, universally accessible; (iii) the defense of the participation of the religious person in the public debate, without any restriction, as a corollary of his right of free expression in the public deliberative process. The study ends with a summary where the author try to present a conclusion with a proposal of conciliation. / Esta disserta????o se prop??e a responder a seguinte pergunta: Estabelecido que o Estado ?? laico, ?? admiss??vel a introdu????o de raz??es religiosas no debate na esfera p??blica, acerca de quest??es fundamentais sobre as quais o Estado deva formalizar a sua vontade? Isto ??, na arena p??blica, no processo de delibera????o pol??tica, ?? poss??vel ao cidad??o defender uma legisla????o ou uma pol??tica p??blica com base em raz??es de natureza religiosa? S??o abordadas tr??s posi????es que procuram responder a essa indaga????o, tendo como ponto de partida e contraponto a doutrina das raz??es p??blicas defendida por John Rawls e outros autores: (i) a tese de que, em decorr??ncia da laicidade, o argumento religioso deve ficar circunscrito ?? esfera privada; (ii) a admiss??o desse argumento no debate pol??tico, desde que traduzido em raz??es p??blicas, universalmente acess??veis; e (iii) a defesa da participa????o do religioso, no debate pol??tico, sem constri????o de qualquer natureza, como consequ??ncia do seu direito ?? livre express??o no processo de delibera????o p??blica. O estudo finaliza com um breve resumo seguido de uma conclus??o que procura apresentar uma concilia????o dessas posi????es, numa perspectiva pluralista.